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CONTENTS

NAME

perltoc - perl documentation table of contents

DESCRIPTION

This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped through to locate the proper section you're looking for.

BASIC DOCUMENTATION

perl - The Perl 5 language interpreter

SYNOPSIS
GETTING HELP
Overview
Tutorials
Reference Manual
Internals and C Language Interface
Miscellaneous
Language-Specific
Platform-Specific
Stubs for Deleted Documents
DESCRIPTION
AVAILABILITY
ENVIRONMENT
AUTHOR
FILES
SEE ALSO
DIAGNOSTICS
BUGS
NOTES

perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl

DESCRIPTION
What is Perl?
Running Perl programs
Safety net
Basic syntax overview
Perl variable types

Scalars, Arrays, Hashes

Variable scoping
Conditional and looping constructs

if, while, for, foreach

Builtin operators and functions

Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic, Miscellaneous

Files and I/O
Regular expressions

Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions, Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features

Writing subroutines
OO Perl
Using Perl modules
AUTHOR

perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references

DESCRIPTION
Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
The Solution
Syntax
Making References
Using References
An Example
Arrow Rule
Solution
The Rest
Summary
Credits
Distribution Conditions

perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook

DESCRIPTION

arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, more elaborate constructs

REFERENCES
COMMON MISTAKES
CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS use strict
DEBUGGING
CODE EXAMPLES
ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
HASHES OF ARRAYS
Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
ARRAYS OF HASHES
Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
HASHES OF HASHES
Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
Database Ties
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl

DESCRIPTION
Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
Growing Your Own
Access and Printing
Slices
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start

DESCRIPTION
The Guide
Simple word matching
Using character classes
Matching this or that
Grouping things and hierarchical matching
Extracting matches
Matching repetitions
More matching
Search and replace
The split operator
BUGS
SEE ALSO
Acknowledgments

perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial

DESCRIPTION
Part 1: The basics
Simple word matching
Using character classes
Matching this or that
Grouping things and hierarchical matching
Extracting matches
Backreferences
Relative backreferences
Named backreferences
Alternative capture group numbering
Position information
Non-capturing groupings
Matching repetitions
Possessive quantifiers
Building a regexp
Using regular expressions in Perl
Part 2: Power tools
More on characters, strings, and character classes
Compiling and saving regular expressions
Composing regular expressions at runtime
Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
Looking ahead and looking behind
Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
Conditional expressions
Defining named patterns
Recursive patterns
A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
Backtracking control verbs
Pragmas and debugging
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
Acknowledgments

perlootut - Object-Oriented Programming in Perl Tutorial

DATE
DESCRIPTION
OBJECT-ORIENTED FUNDAMENTALS
Object
Class
Methods
Attributes
Polymorphism
Inheritance
Encapsulation
Composition
Roles
When to Use OO
PERL OO SYSTEMS
Moose

Declarative sugar, Roles built-in, A miniature type system, Full introspection and manipulation, Self-hosted and extensible, Rich ecosystem, Many more features

Class::Accessor
Object::Tiny
Role::Tiny
OO System Summary

Moose, Class::Accessor, Object::Tiny, Role::Tiny

Other OO Systems
CONCLUSION

perlperf - Perl Performance and Optimization Techniques

DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
ONE STEP SIDEWAYS
ONE STEP FORWARD
ANOTHER STEP SIDEWAYS
GENERAL GUIDELINES
BENCHMARKS
Assigning and Dereferencing Variables.
Search and replace or tr
PROFILING TOOLS
Devel::DProf
Devel::Profiler
Devel::SmallProf
Devel::FastProf
Devel::NYTProf
SORTING

Elapsed Real Time, User CPU Time, System CPU Time

LOGGING
Logging if DEBUG (constant)
POSTSCRIPT
SEE ALSO
PERLDOCS
MAN PAGES
MODULES
URLS
AUTHOR

perlstyle - Perl style guide

DESCRIPTION

perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet

DESCRIPTION
The sheet
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary

DESCRIPTION
Awk Traps
C/C++ Traps
Sed Traps
Shell Traps
Perl Traps
Perl4 to Perl5 Traps

Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts, Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc, Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps

Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps

Symbols starting with "_" no longer forced into main, Double-colon valid package separator in variable name, 2nd and 3rd args to splice() are now in scalar context, Can't do goto into a block that is optimized away, Can't use whitespace as variable name or quote delimiter, while/if BLOCK BLOCK gone, ** binds tighter than unary minus, foreach changed when iterating over a list, split with no args behavior changed, -e behavior fixed, push returns number of elements in resulting list, Some error messages differ, split() honors subroutine args, Bugs removed

Parsing Traps

Space between . and = triggers syntax error, Better parsing in perl 5, Function parsing, String interpolation of $#array differs, Perl guesses on map, grep followed by { if it starts BLOCK or hash ref

Numerical Traps

Formatted output and significant digits, Auto-increment operator over signed int limit deleted, Assignment of return values from numeric equality tests doesn't work, Bitwise string ops

General data type traps

Negative array subscripts now count from the end of array, Setting $#array lower now discards array elements, Hashes get defined before use, Glob assignment from localized variable to variable, Assigning undef to glob, Changes in unary negation (of strings), Modifying of constants prohibited, defined $var behavior changed, Variable Suicide

Context Traps - scalar, list contexts

Elements of argument lists for formats evaluated in list context, caller() returns false value in scalar context if no caller present, Comma operator in scalar context gives scalar context to args, sprintf() prototyped as ($;@)

Precedence Traps

LHS vs. RHS of any assignment operator, Semantic errors introduced due to precedence, Precedence of assignment operators same as the precedence of assignment, open requires parentheses around filehandle, $: precedence over $:: gone, Precedence of file test operators documented, keys, each, values are regular named unary operators

General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.

s'$lhs'$rhs' interpolates on either side, m//g attaches its state to the searched string, m//o used within an anonymous sub, $+ isn't set to whole match, Substitution now returns null string if it fails, s`lhs`rhs` is now a normal substitution, Stricter parsing of variables in regular expressions, m?x? matches only once, Failed matches don't reset the match variables

Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps

Barewords that used to look like strings look like subroutine calls, Reverse is no longer allowed as the name of a sort subroutine, warn() won't let you specify a filehandle

OS Traps

SysV resets signal handler correctly, SysV seek() appends correctly

Interpolation Traps

@ always interpolates an array in double-quotish strings, Double-quoted strings may no longer end with an unescaped $, Arbitrary expressions are evaluated inside braces within double quotes, $$x now tries to dereference $x, Creation of hashes on the fly with eval "EXPR" requires protection, Bugs in earlier perl versions, Array and hash brackets during interpolation, Interpolation of \$$foo{bar}, qq() string passed to eval will not find string terminator

DBM Traps

Perl5 must have been linked with same dbm/ndbm as the default for dbmopen(), DBM exceeding limit on the key/value size will cause perl5 to exit immediately

Unclassified Traps

require/do trap using returned value, split on empty string with LIMIT specified

perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial

DESCRIPTION
use strict
Looking at data and -w and v
help
Stepping through code
Placeholder for a, w, t, T
REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
OUTPUT TIPS
CGI
GUIs
SUMMARY
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
CONTRIBUTORS

perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl

DESCRIPTION
Where to find the perlfaq
How to use the perlfaq
How to contribute to the perlfaq
What if my question isn't answered in the FAQ?
TABLE OF CONTENTS

perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System Interaction, perlfaq9 - Web, Email and Networking

THE QUESTIONS
perlfaq1: General Questions About Perl
perlfaq2: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
perlfaq3: Programming Tools
perlfaq4: Data Manipulation
perlfaq5: Files and Formats
perlfaq6: Regular Expressions
perlfaq7: General Perl Language Issues
perlfaq8: System Interaction
perlfaq9: Web, Email and Networking
CREDITS
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl

DESCRIPTION
What is Perl?
Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
Which version of Perl should I use?
What are Perl 4, Perl 5, or Perl 6?
What is Perl 6?
How stable is Perl?
Is Perl difficult to learn?
How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?
Can I do [task] in Perl?
When shouldn't I program in Perl?
What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
What is a JAPH?
How can I convince others to use Perl?

http://www.perl.org/about.html, http://perltraining.com.au/whyperl.html

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl

DESCRIPTION
What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
How can I get a binary version of Perl?
I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter?
I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts don't work.
I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
Where can I get information on Perl?

http://www.perl.org/, http://perldoc.perl.org/, http://learn.perl.org/

What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?

http://www.perl.org/, http://learn.perl.org/, http://jobs.perl.org/, http://lists.perl.org/

Where can I post questions?
Perl Books
Which magazines have Perl content?
Which Perl blogs should I read?
What mailing lists are there for Perl?
Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
Where do I send bug reports?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq3 - Programming Tools

DESCRIPTION
How do I do (anything)?

Basics, perldata - Perl data types, perlvar - Perl pre-defined variables, perlsyn - Perl syntax, perlop - Perl operators and precedence, perlsub - Perl subroutines, Execution, perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter, perldebug - Perl debugging, Functions, perlfunc - Perl builtin functions, Objects, perlref - Perl references and nested data structures, perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables), perlobj - Perl objects, perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable, Data Structures, perlref - Perl references and nested data structures, perllol - Manipulating arrays of arrays in Perl, perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook, Modules, perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables), perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones, Regexes, perlre - Perl regular expressions, perlfunc - Perl builtin functions>, perlop - Perl operators and precedence, perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localization), Moving to perl5, perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary, perl, Linking with C, perlxstut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs, perlxs - XS language reference manual, perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C, perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API, perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program, Various

How can I use Perl interactively?
How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
How do I debug my Perl programs?
How do I profile my Perl programs?
How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?

Eclipse, Enginsite, Komodo, Notepad++, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, Padre, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, Visual Perl, Zeus, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Vim, Vile, Codewright, MultiEdit, SlickEdit, ConTEXT, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus, Alpha, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite

Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
Where can I get perl-mode or cperl-mode for emacs?
How can I use curses with Perl?
How can I write a GUI (X, Tk, Gtk, etc.) in Perl?

Tk, Wx, Gtk and Gtk2, Win32::GUI, CamelBones, Qt, Athena

How can I make my Perl program run faster?
How can I make my Perl program take less memory?

Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk

Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
How can I get #!perl to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
Where can I learn about linking C with Perl?
I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C program; what am I doing wrong?
When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
What's MakeMaker?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation

DESCRIPTION
Data: Numbers
Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
Why is int() broken?
Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?
How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?

How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert from decimal to binary

Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
How do I multiply matrices?
How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
How can I output Roman numerals?
Why aren't my random numbers random?
How do I get a random number between X and Y?
Data: Dates
How do I find the day or week of the year?
How do I find the current century or millennium?
How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
How can I find the Julian Day?
How do I find yesterday's date?
Does Perl have a Year 2000 or 2038 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
Data: Strings
How do I validate input?
How do I unescape a string?
How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
How do I expand function calls in a string?
How do I find matching/nesting anything?
How do I reverse a string?
How do I expand tabs in a string?
How do I reformat a paragraph?
How can I access or change N characters of a string?
How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?
How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
How can I split a [character]-delimited string except when inside [character]?
How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
How do I extract selected columns from a string?
How do I find the soundex value of a string?
How can I expand variables in text strings?
What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
Why don't my <<HERE documents work?

There must be no space after the << part, There (probably) should be a semicolon at the end of the opening token, You can't (easily) have any space in front of the tag, There needs to be at least a line separator after the end token

Data: Arrays
What is the difference between a list and an array?
What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or array?
How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the intersection of two arrays?
How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
How do I handle linked lists?
How do I handle circular lists?
How do I shuffle an array randomly?
How do I process/modify each element of an array?
How do I select a random element from an array?
How do I permute N elements of a list?
How do I sort an array by (anything)?
How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
How do I process an entire hash?
How do I merge two hashes?
What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over it?
How do I look up a hash element by value?
How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
How can I always keep my hash sorted?
What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it?
How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or array of hashes or arrays?
How can I use a reference as a hash key?
How can I check if a key exists in a multilevel hash?
How can I prevent addition of unwanted keys into a hash?
Data: Misc
How do I handle binary data correctly?
How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
How do I define methods for every class/object?
How do I verify a credit card checksum?
How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq5 - Files and Formats

DESCRIPTION
How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
How do I change, delete, or insert a line in a file, or append to the beginning of a file?
How do I count the number of lines in a file?
How do I delete the last N lines from a file?
How can I use Perl's -i option from within a program?
How can I copy a file?
How do I make a temporary file name?
How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
How can I write() into a string?
How can I open a filehandle to a string?
How can I output my numbers with commas added?
How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
How can I reliably rename a file?
How can I lock a file?
Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?
All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a file. Do I still have to use locking?
How do I randomly update a binary file?
How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
How do I print to more than one file at once?
How can I read in an entire file all at once?
How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
How do I do a tail -f in perl?
How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
How do I close a file descriptor by number?
Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does -i clobber protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
How do I select a random line from a file?
Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
How do I traverse a directory tree?
How do I delete a directory tree?
How do I copy an entire directory?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions

DESCRIPTION
How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and unmaintainable code?

Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters

I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on different lines?
How do I match XML, HTML, or other nasty, ugly things with a regex?
I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
How do I substitute case-insensitively on the LHS while preserving case on the RHS?
How can I make \w match national character sets?
How can I match a locale-smart version of /[a-zA-Z]/?
How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
What is /o really for?
How do I use a regular expression to strip C-style comments from a file?
Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
How do I process each word on each line?
How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
How can I do approximate matching?
How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
Why don't word-boundary searches with \b work for me?
Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
What good is \G in a regular expression?
Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
How do I match a regular expression that's in a variable?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues

DESCRIPTION
Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to use them?
Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and commas?
How do I skip some return values?
How do I temporarily block warnings?
What's an extension?
Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
How do I declare/create a structure?
How do I create a module?
How do I adopt or take over a module already on CPAN?
How do I create a class?
How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
What's a closure?
What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?

Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, Passing Methods

How do I create a static variable?
What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between local() and my()?
How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical is in scope?
What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
Why doesn't "my($foo) = <$fh>;" work right?
How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
How do I create a switch or case statement?
How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or methods?
Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
How can I find out my current or calling package?
How can I comment out a large block of Perl code?
How do I clear a package?
How can I use a variable as a variable name?
What does "bad interpreter" mean?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq8 - System Interaction

DESCRIPTION
How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
How come exec() doesn't return?
How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?

Keyboard, Screen, Mouse

How do I print something out in color?
How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
How do I clear the screen?
How do I get the screen size?
How do I ask the user for a password?
How do I read and write the serial port?

lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input

How do I decode encrypted password files?
How do I start a process in the background?

STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies

How do I trap control characters/signals?
How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
How do I set the time and date?
How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
How can I measure time under a second?
How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
How can I call backticks without shell processing?
Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?
How can I convert my shell script to perl?
Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
How can I write expect in Perl?
Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as "ps"?
I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?

Unix

How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?
How do I fork a daemon process?
How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
How do I timeout a slow event?
How do I set CPU limits?
How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
How do I use an SQL database?
How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
How do I open a file without blocking?
How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl?
How do I install a module from CPAN?
What's the difference between require and use?
How do I keep my own module/library directory?
How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library search path?
How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?

the PERLLIB environment variable, the PERL5LIB environment variable, the perl -Idir command line flag, the lib pragma:, the local::lib module:

What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq9 - Web, Email and Networking

DESCRIPTION
Should I use a web framework?
Which web framework should I use?

Catalyst, Dancer, Mojolicious, Web::Simple

What is Plack and PSGI?
How do I remove HTML from a string?
How do I extract URLs?
How do I fetch an HTML file?
How do I automate an HTML form submission?
How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
How do I redirect to another page?
How do I put a password on my web pages?
How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that causes my CGI script to do bad things?
How do I parse a mail header?
How do I check a valid mail address?
How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
How do I find the user's mail address?
How do I send email?

Email::Sender::Transport::Sendmail, Email::Sender::Transport::SMTP, Email::Sender::Transport::SMTP::TLS

How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
How do I read email?
How do I find out my hostname, domainname, or IP address?
How do I fetch/put an (S)FTP file?
How can I do RPC in Perl?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlsyn - Perl syntax

DESCRIPTION
Declarations
Comments
Simple Statements
Truth and Falsehood
Statement Modifiers
Compound Statements
Loop Control
For Loops
Foreach Loops
Basic BLOCKs
Switch Statements
Goto
The Ellipsis Statement
PODs: Embedded Documentation
Plain Old Comments (Not!)
Experimental Details on given and when

perldata - Perl data types

DESCRIPTION
Variable names
Context
Scalar values
Scalar value constructors
List value constructors
Subscripts
Multi-dimensional array emulation
Slices
Typeglobs and Filehandles
SEE ALSO

perlop - Perl operators and precedence

DESCRIPTION
Operator Precedence and Associativity
Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
The Arrow Operator
Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
Exponentiation
Symbolic Unary Operators
Binding Operators
Multiplicative Operators
Additive Operators
Shift Operators
Named Unary Operators
Relational Operators
Equality Operators
Smartmatch Operator

1. Empty hashes or arrays match, 2. That is, each element smartmatches the element of the same index in the other array.[3], 3. If a circular reference is found, fall back to referential equality, 4. Either an actual number, or a string that looks like one

Bitwise And
Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
C-style Logical And
C-style Logical Or
Logical Defined-Or
Range Operators
Conditional Operator
Assignment Operators
Comma Operator
List Operators (Rightward)
Logical Not
Logical And
Logical or and Exclusive Or
C Operators Missing From Perl

unary &, unary *, (TYPE)

Quote and Quote-like Operators

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]

Regexp Quote-Like Operators

qr/STRING/msixpodual , m/PATTERN/msixpodualgc , /PATTERN/msixpodualgc, The empty pattern //, Matching in list context, \G assertion, m?PATTERN?msixpodualgc , ?PATTERN?msixpodualgc, s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/msixpodualgcer

Quote-Like Operators

q/STRING/ , 'STRING', qq/STRING/ , "STRING", qx/STRING/ , `STRING`, qw/STRING/ , tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsr , y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsr, <<EOF , Double Quotes, Single Quotes, Backticks

Gory details of parsing quoted constructs

Finding the end, Interpolation , <<'EOF', m'', the pattern of s''', '', q//, tr''', y''', the replacement of s''', tr///, y///, "", ``, qq//, qx//, <file*glob>, <<"EOF", the replacement of s///, RE in ?RE?, /RE/, m/RE/, s/RE/foo/,, parsing regular expressions , Optimization of regular expressions

I/O Operators
Constant Folding
No-ops
Bitwise String Operators
Integer Arithmetic
Floating-point Arithmetic
Bigger Numbers

perlsub - Perl subroutines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Private Variables via my()
Persistent Private Variables
Temporary Values via local()
Lvalue subroutines

Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL

Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
When to Still Use local()
Pass by Reference
Prototypes
Constant Functions
Overriding Built-in Functions
Autoloading
Subroutine Attributes
SEE ALSO

perlfunc - Perl builtin functions

DESCRIPTION
Perl Functions by Category

Functions for SCALARs or strings , Regular expressions and pattern matching , Numeric functions , Functions for real @ARRAYs , Functions for list data , Functions for real %HASHes , Input and output functions , Functions for fixed-length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories , Keywords related to the control flow of your Perl program , Keywords related to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process groups , Keywords related to Perl modules , Keywords related to classes and object-orientation , Low-level socket functions , System V interprocess communication functions , Fetching user and group info , Fetching network info , Time-related functions , Non-function keywords

Portability
Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions

-X FILEHANDLE , -X EXPR, -X DIRHANDLE, -X, abs VALUE , abs, accept NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET , alarm SECONDS , alarm, atan2 Y,X , bind SOCKET,NAME , binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER , binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME , bless REF, break, caller EXPR , caller, chdir EXPR , chdir FILEHANDLE, chdir DIRHANDLE, chdir, chmod LIST , chomp VARIABLE , chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE , chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST , chr NUMBER , chr, chroot FILENAME , chroot, close FILEHANDLE , close, closedir DIRHANDLE , connect SOCKET,NAME , continue BLOCK , continue, cos EXPR , cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT , dbmclose HASH , dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK , defined EXPR , defined, delete EXPR , die LIST , do BLOCK , do SUBROUTINE(LIST) , do EXPR , dump LABEL , dump, each HASH , each ARRAY , each EXPR, eof FILEHANDLE , eof (), eof, eval EXPR , eval BLOCK, eval, evalbytes EXPR , evalbytes, exec LIST , exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR , exit EXPR , exit, exp EXPR , exp, fc EXPR , fc, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR , __FILE__ , fileno FILEHANDLE , flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION , fork , format , formline PICTURE,LIST , getc FILEHANDLE , getc, getlogin , getpeername SOCKET , getpgrp PID , getppid , getpriority WHICH,WHO , getpwnam NAME , getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET , getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME , glob EXPR , glob, gmtime EXPR , gmtime, goto LABEL , goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST , grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR , hex, import LIST , index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION , index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR , int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR , join EXPR,LIST , keys HASH , keys ARRAY, keys EXPR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, kill SIGNAL , last LABEL , last, lc EXPR , lc, If use bytes is in effect:, On EBCDIC platforms, On ASCII platforms, Otherwise, if use locale (but not use locale ':not_characters') is in effect:, Otherwise, If EXPR has the UTF8 flag set:, Otherwise, if use feature 'unicode_strings' or use locale ':not_characters') is in effect:, Otherwise:, On EBCDIC platforms, On ASCII platforms, lcfirst EXPR , lcfirst, length EXPR , length, __LINE__ , link OLDFILE,NEWFILE , listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE , local EXPR , localtime EXPR , localtime, lock THING , log EXPR , log, lstat FILEHANDLE , lstat EXPR, lstat DIRHANDLE, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST , map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK , mkdir FILENAME, mkdir, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG , msgget KEY,FLAGS , msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS , msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS , my EXPR , my TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL , next, no MODULE VERSION LIST , no MODULE VERSION, no MODULE LIST, no MODULE, no VERSION, oct EXPR , oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR , open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR , ord EXPR , ord, our EXPR , our TYPE EXPR, our EXPR : ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST , package NAMESPACE, package NAMESPACE VERSION , package NAMESPACE BLOCK, package NAMESPACE VERSION BLOCK , __PACKAGE__ , pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE , pop ARRAY , pop EXPR, pop, pos SCALAR , pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST , print FILEHANDLE, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST , printf FILEHANDLE, printf FORMAT, LIST, printf, prototype FUNCTION , push ARRAY,LIST , push EXPR,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qw/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qr/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR , quotemeta, rand EXPR , rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE , readline EXPR, readline , readlink EXPR , readlink, readpipe EXPR, readpipe , recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS , redo LABEL , redo, ref EXPR , ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME , require VERSION , require EXPR, require, reset EXPR , reset, return EXPR , return, reverse LIST , rewinddir DIRHANDLE , rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION , rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME , rmdir, s///, say FILEHANDLE LIST , say FILEHANDLE, say LIST, say, scalar EXPR , seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE , seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS , select FILEHANDLE , select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT , semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG , semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS , semop KEY,OPSTRING , send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO , send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP , setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY , setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL , shift ARRAY , shift EXPR, shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG , shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS , shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE , shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW , sin EXPR , sin, sleep EXPR , sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL , socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL , sort SUBNAME LIST , sort BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY or EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST , splice ARRAY or EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY or EXPR,OFFSET, splice ARRAY or EXPR, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT , split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST , format parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum width , size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR , sqrt, srand EXPR , srand, stat FILEHANDLE , stat EXPR, stat DIRHANDLE, stat, state EXPR , state TYPE EXPR, state EXPR : ATTRS, state TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, study SCALAR , study, sub NAME BLOCK , sub NAME (PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, __SUB__ , substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT , substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE , syscall NUMBER, LIST , sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE , sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE , system LIST , system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE , tell, telldir DIRHANDLE , tie VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST , tied VARIABLE , time , times , tr///, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH , truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR , uc, ucfirst EXPR , ucfirst, umask EXPR , umask, undef EXPR , undef, unlink LIST , unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR , unpack TEMPLATE, unshift ARRAY,LIST , unshift EXPR,LIST, untie VARIABLE , use Module VERSION LIST , use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST , values HASH , values ARRAY, values EXPR, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS , wait , waitpid PID,FLAGS , wantarray , warn LIST , write FILEHANDLE , write EXPR, write, y///

Non-function Keywords by Cross-reference

__DATA__, __END__, BEGIN, CHECK, END, INIT, UNITCHECK, DESTROY, and, cmp, eq, ge, gt, if, le, lt, ne, not, or, x, xor, AUTOLOAD, else, elseif, elsif, for, foreach, unless, until, while, default, given, when

perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl

DESCRIPTION
Open à la shell
Simple Opens
Indirect Filehandles
Pipe Opens
The Minus File
Mixing Reads and Writes
Filters
Open à la C
Permissions à la mode
Obscure Open Tricks
Re-Opening Files (dups)
Dispelling the Dweomer
Paths as Opens
Single Argument Open
Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
Other I/O Issues
Opening Non-File Files
Opening Named Pipes
Opening Sockets
Binary Files
File Locking
IO Layers
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perlpacktut - tutorial on pack and unpack

DESCRIPTION
The Basic Principle
Packing Text
Packing Numbers
Integers
Unpacking a Stack Frame
How to Eat an Egg on a Net
Byte-order modifiers
Floating point Numbers
Exotic Templates
Bit Strings
Uuencoding
Doing Sums
Unicode
Another Portable Binary Encoding
Template Grouping
Lengths and Widths
String Lengths
Dynamic Templates
Counting Repetitions
Intel HEX
Packing and Unpacking C Structures
The Alignment Pit
Dealing with Endian-ness
Alignment, Take 2
Alignment, Take 3
Pointers for How to Use Them
Pack Recipes
Funnies Section
Authors

perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format

DESCRIPTION
Ordinary Paragraph
Verbatim Paragraph
Command Paragraph

=head1 Heading Text , =head2 Heading Text, =head3 Heading Text, =head4 Heading Text, =over indentlevel , =item stuff..., =back, =cut , =pod , =begin formatname , =end formatname, =for formatname text..., =encoding encodingname

Formatting Codes

I<text> -- italic text , B<text> -- bold text , C<code> -- code text , L<name> -- a hyperlink , E<escape> -- a character escape , F<filename> -- used for filenames , S<text> -- text contains non-breaking spaces , X<topic name> -- an index entry , Z<> -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code

The Intent
Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
Hints for Writing Pod

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and notes

DESCRIPTION
Pod Definitions
Pod Commands

"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", "=back", "=begin formatname", "=begin formatname parameter", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...", "=encoding encodingname"

Pod Formatting Codes

I<text> -- italic text, B<text> -- bold text, C<code> -- code text, F<filename> -- style for filenames, X<topic name> -- an index entry, Z<> -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code, L<name> -- a hyperlink, E<escape> -- a character escape, S<text> -- text contains non-breaking spaces

Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
About L<...> Codes

First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:

About =over...=back Regions
About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlpodstyle - Perl POD style guide

DESCRIPTION

bold (B<>), italic (I<>), code (C<>), files (F<>), NAME, SYNOPSIS, DESCRIPTION, OPTIONS, RETURN VALUE, ERRORS, DIAGNOSTICS, EXAMPLES, ENVIRONMENT, FILES, CAVEATS, BUGS, RESTRICTIONS, NOTES, AUTHOR, HISTORY, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE, SEE ALSO

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
#! and quoting on non-Unix systems

OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, VMS

Location of Perl
Command Switches

-0[octal/hexadecimal] , -a , -C [number/list] , -c , -d , -dt, -d:MOD[=bar,baz] , -dt:MOD[=bar,baz], -Dletters , -Dnumber, -e commandline , -E commandline , -f , -Fpattern , -h , -i[extension] , -Idirectory , -l[octnum] , -m[-]module , -M[-]module, -M[-]'module ...', -[mM][-]module=arg[,arg]..., -n , -p , -s , -S , -t , -T , -u , -U , -v , -V , -V:configvar, -w , -W , -X , -x , -xdirectory

ENVIRONMENT

HOME , LOGDIR , PATH , PERL5LIB , PERL5OPT , PERLIO , :bytes , :crlf , :mmap , :perlio , :pop , :raw , :stdio , :unix , :utf8 , :win32 , PERLIO_DEBUG , PERLLIB , PERL5DB , PERL5DB_THREADED , PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port) , PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP (specific to the Win32 port) , PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS , PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL , PERL_DL_NONLAZY , PERL_ENCODING , PERL_HASH_SEED , PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG , PERL_MEM_LOG , PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port) , PERL_SIGNALS , PERL_UNICODE , SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)

perldiag - various Perl diagnostics

DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings

DESCRIPTION
Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
What's wrong with -w and $^W
Controlling Warnings from the Command Line

-w , -W , -X

Backward Compatibility
Category Hierarchy
Fatal Warnings
Reporting Warnings from a Module
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perldebug - Perl debugging

DESCRIPTION
The Perl Debugger
Calling the Debugger

perl -d program_name, perl -d -e 0, perl -d:Ptkdb program_name, perl -dt threaded_program_name

Debugger Commands

h , h [command], h h, p expr , x [maxdepth] expr , V [pkg [vars]] , X [vars] , y [level [vars]] , T , s [expr] , n [expr] , r , <CR>, c [line|sub] , l , l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, - , v [line] , . , f filename , /pattern/, ?pattern?, L [abw] , S [[!]regex] , t [n] , t [n] expr , b , b [line] [condition] , b [file]:[line] [condition] , b subname [condition] , b postpone subname [condition] , b load filename , b compile subname , B line , B * , disable [file]:[line] , disable [line] , enable [file]:[line] , enable [line] , a [line] command , A line , A * , w expr , W expr , W * , o , o booloption ... , o anyoption? ... , o option=value ... , < ? , < [ command ] , < * , << command , > ? , > command , > * , >> command , { ? , { [ command ], { * , {{ command , ! number , ! -number , ! pattern , !! cmd , source file , H -number , q or ^D , R , |dbcmd , ||dbcmd , command, m expr , M , man [manpage]

Configurable Options

recallCommand, ShellBang , pager , tkRunning , signalLevel, warnLevel, dieLevel , AutoTrace , LineInfo , inhibit_exit , PrintRet , ornaments , frame , maxTraceLen , windowSize , arrayDepth, hashDepth , dumpDepth , compactDump, veryCompact , globPrint , DumpDBFiles , DumpPackages , DumpReused , quote, HighBit, undefPrint , UsageOnly , TTY , noTTY , ReadLine , NonStop

Debugger Input/Output

Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace , Line Listing Format, Frame listing

Debugging Compile-Time Statements
Debugger Customization
Readline Support / History in the Debugger
Editor Support for Debugging
The Perl Profiler
Debugging Regular Expressions
Debugging Memory Usage
SEE ALSO
BUGS

perlvar - Perl predefined variables

DESCRIPTION
The Syntax of Variable Names
SPECIAL VARIABLES
General Variables

$ARG, $_ , @ARG, @_ , $LIST_SEPARATOR, $" , $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$ , $PROGRAM_NAME, $0 , $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $( , $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $) , $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $< , $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $> , $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $; , $a, $b , %ENV , $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F , @F , @INC , %INC , $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I , $^M , $OSNAME, $^O , %SIG , $BASETIME, $^T , $PERL_VERSION, $^V , ${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT} , $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X

$<digits> ($1, $2, ...) , $MATCH, $& , ${^MATCH} , $PREMATCH, $` , ${^PREMATCH} , $POSTMATCH, $' , ${^POSTMATCH} , $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+ , $LAST_SUBMATCH_RESULT, $^N , @LAST_MATCH_END, @+ , %LAST_PAREN_MATCH, %+ , @LAST_MATCH_START, @- , $` is the same as substr($var, 0, $-[0]), $& is the same as substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]), $' is the same as substr($var, $+[0]), $1 is the same as substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]), $2 is the same as substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2]), $3 is the same as substr($var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3]), %LAST_MATCH_START, %- , $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R , ${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS} , ${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}

$ARGV , @ARGV , ARGV , ARGVOUT , Handle->output_field_separator( EXPR ), $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $, , HANDLE->input_line_number( EXPR ), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $. , HANDLE->input_record_separator( EXPR ), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/ , Handle->output_record_separator( EXPR ), $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\ , HANDLE->autoflush( EXPR ), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $| , $ACCUMULATOR, $^A , HANDLE->format_formfeed(EXPR), $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L , HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $% , HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $- , Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $: , HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $= , HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^ , HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_NAME, $~

Error Variables

${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE} , $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E , $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S , $WARNING, $^W , ${^WARNING_BITS} , $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $! , %OS_ERROR, %ERRNO, %! , $CHILD_ERROR, $? , $EVAL_ERROR, $@

$COMPILING, $^C , $DEBUGGING, $^D , ${^ENCODING} , ${^GLOBAL_PHASE} , CONSTRUCT, START, CHECK, INIT, RUN, END, DESTRUCT, $^H , %^H , ${^OPEN} , $PERLDB, $^P , 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, 0x400, ${^TAINT} , ${^UNICODE} , ${^UTF8CACHE} , ${^UTF8LOCALE}

Deprecated and removed variables

$OFMT, $# , $* , $ARRAY_BASE, $[ , $OLD_PERL_VERSION, $]

perlre - Perl regular expressions

DESCRIPTION
Modifiers

m , s , i , x , p , g and c , a, d, l and u

Regular Expressions

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]

Quoting metacharacters
Extended Patterns

(?#text) , (?adlupimsx-imsx), (?^alupimsx) , (?:pattern) , (?adluimsx-imsx:pattern), (?^aluimsx:pattern) , (?|pattern) , Look-Around Assertions , (?=pattern) , (?!pattern) , (?<=pattern) \K , (?<!pattern) , (?'NAME'pattern), (?<NAME>pattern) , \k<NAME>, \k'NAME', (?{ code }) , (??{ code }) , (?PARNO) (?-PARNO) (?+PARNO) (?R) (?0) , (?&NAME) , (?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern) , (?(condition)yes-pattern), (1) (2) .., (<NAME>) ('NAME'), (?=...) (?!...) (?<=...) (?<!...), (?{ CODE }), (R), (R1) (R2) .., (R&NAME), (DEFINE), (?>pattern)

Special Backtracking Control Verbs

Verbs that take an argument, (*PRUNE) (*PRUNE:NAME) , (*SKIP) (*SKIP:NAME) , (*MARK:NAME) (*:NAME) , (*THEN) (*THEN:NAME), Verbs without an argument, (*COMMIT) , (*FAIL) (*F) , (*ACCEPT)

Backtracking
Version 8 Regular Expressions
Warning on \1 Instead of $1
Repeated Patterns Matching a Zero-length Substring
Combining RE Pieces

ST, S|T, S{REPEAT_COUNT}, S{min,max}, S{min,max}?, S?, S*, S+, S??, S*?, S+?, (?>S), (?=S), (?<=S), (?!S), (?<!S), (??{ EXPR }), (?PARNO), (?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)

Creating Custom RE Engines
PCRE/Python Support

(?P<NAME>pattern), (?P=NAME), (?P>NAME)

BUGS
SEE ALSO

perlrebackslash - Perl Regular Expression Backslash Sequences and Escapes

DESCRIPTION
The backslash

[1]

All the sequences and escapes
Character Escapes

[1], [2]

Modifiers
Character classes
Referencing
Assertions

\A, \z, \Z, \G, \b, \B

Misc

\C, \K, \N, \R , \X

perlrecharclass - Perl Regular Expression Character Classes

DESCRIPTION
The dot
Backslash sequences

If the /a modifier is in effect .., otherwise .., For code points above 255 .., For code points below 256 .., if locale rules are in effect .., if Unicode rules are in effect or if on an EBCDIC platform .., otherwise .., If the /a modifier is in effect .., otherwise .., For code points above 255 .., For code points below 256 .., if locale rules are in effect .., if Unicode rules are in effect or if on an EBCDIC platform .., otherwise .., [1]

Bracketed Character Classes

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], If the /a modifier, is in effect .., otherwise .., For code points above 255 .., For code points below 256 .., if locale rules are in effect .., if Unicode rules are in effect or if on an EBCDIC platform .., otherwise ..

perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference

DESCRIPTION
OPERATORS
SYNTAX
ESCAPE SEQUENCES
CHARACTER CLASSES
ANCHORS
QUANTIFIERS
EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
VARIABLES
FUNCTIONS
TERMINOLOGY
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
THANKS

perlref - Perl references and nested data structures

NOTE
DESCRIPTION
Making References

1. , 2. , 3. , 4. , 5. , 6. , 7.

Using References
Circular References
Symbolic references
Not-so-symbolic references
Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
Function Templates
WARNING
SEE ALSO

perlform - Perl formats

DESCRIPTION
Text Fields
Numeric Fields
The Field @* for Variable-Width Multi-Line Text
The Field ^* for Variable-Width One-line-at-a-time Text
Specifying Values
Using Fill Mode
Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
Repeating Format Lines
Top of Form Processing
Format Variables
NOTES
Footers
Accessing Formatting Internals
WARNINGS

perlobj - Perl object reference

DESCRIPTION
An Object is Simply a Data Structure
A Class is Simply a Package
A Method is Simply a Subroutine
Method Invocation
Inheritance
Writing Constructors
Attributes
An Aside About Smarter and Safer Code
Method Call Variations
Invoking Class Methods
bless, blessed, and ref
The UNIVERSAL Class

isa($class) , DOES($role) , can($method) , VERSION($need)

AUTOLOAD
Destructors
Non-Hash Objects
Inside-Out objects
Pseudo-hashes
SEE ALSO

perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tying Scalars

TIESCALAR classname, LIST , FETCH this , STORE this, value , UNTIE this , DESTROY this

Tying Arrays

TIEARRAY classname, LIST , FETCH this, index , STORE this, index, value , FETCHSIZE this , STORESIZE this, count , EXTEND this, count , EXISTS this, key , DELETE this, key , CLEAR this , PUSH this, LIST , POP this , SHIFT this , UNSHIFT this, LIST , SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST , UNTIE this , DESTROY this

Tying Hashes

USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST , FETCH this, key , STORE this, key, value , DELETE this, key , CLEAR this , EXISTS this, key , FIRSTKEY this , NEXTKEY this, lastkey , SCALAR this , UNTIE this , DESTROY this

Tying FileHandles

TIEHANDLE classname, LIST , WRITE this, LIST , PRINT this, LIST , PRINTF this, LIST , READ this, LIST , READLINE this , GETC this , EOF this , CLOSE this , UNTIE this , DESTROY this

UNTIE this
The untie Gotcha
SEE ALSO
BUGS
AUTHOR

perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key, filter_fetch_value

The Filter
An Example: the NULL termination problem.
Another Example: Key is a C int.
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)

DESCRIPTION
Signals
Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)

Long-running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as "faults", Signals triggered by operating system state

Named Pipes
Using open() for IPC
Filehandles
Background Processes
Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
Safe Pipe Opens
Avoiding Pipe Deadlocks
Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
Sockets: Client/Server Communication
Internet Line Terminators
Internet TCP Clients and Servers
Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
TCP Clients with IO::Socket
A Simple Client

Proto, PeerAddr, PeerPort

A Webget Client
Interactive Client with IO::Socket
TCP Servers with IO::Socket

Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse

UDP: Message Passing
SysV IPC
NOTES
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes

$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to files, directories and network sockets

Resource limits
Killing the parent process
Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS

BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Open directory handles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger application, Thread-safety of extensions

PORTABILITY CAVEATS
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Storing numbers
Numeric operators and numeric conversions
Flavors of Perl numeric operations

Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during use integer, Other mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during use integer, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a string

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlthrtut - Tutorial on threads in Perl

DESCRIPTION
What Is A Thread Anyway?
Threaded Program Models
Boss/Worker
Work Crew
Pipeline
What kind of threads are Perl threads?
Thread-Safe Modules
Thread Basics
Basic Thread Support
A Note about the Examples
Creating Threads
Waiting For A Thread To Exit
Ignoring A Thread
Process and Thread Termination
Threads And Data
Shared And Unshared Data
Thread Pitfalls: Races
Synchronization and control
Controlling access: lock()
A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
Queues: Passing Data Around
Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
Basic semaphores
Advanced Semaphores
Waiting for a Condition
Giving up control
General Thread Utility Routines
What Thread Am I In?
Thread IDs
Are These Threads The Same?
What Threads Are Running?
A Complete Example
Different implementations of threads
Performance considerations
Process-scope Changes
Thread-Safety of System Libraries
Conclusion
SEE ALSO
Bibliography
Introductory Texts
Other References
Acknowledgements
AUTHOR
Copyrights

perlport - Writing portable Perl

DESCRIPTION

Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already is portable

ISSUES
Newlines
Numbers endianness and Width
Files and Filesystems
System Interaction
Command names versus file pathnames
Networking
Interprocess Communication (IPC)
External Subroutines (XS)
Standard Modules
Time and Date
Character sets and character encoding
Internationalisation
System Resources
Security
Style
CPAN Testers
PLATFORMS
Unix
DOS and Derivatives
VMS
VOS
EBCDIC Platforms
Acorn RISC OS
Other perls
FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions

-X, alarm, atan2, binmode, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt, dbmclose, dbmopen, dump, exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork, getlogin, getpgrp, getppid, getpriority, getpwnam, getgrnam, getnetbyname, getpwuid, getgrgid, getnetbyaddr, getprotobynumber, getservbyport, getpwent, getgrent, gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent, setnetent, setprotoent, setservent, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob, gmtime, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill, link, localtime, lstat, msgctl, msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, readlink, rename, rewinddir, select, semctl, semget, semop, setgrent, setpgrp, setpriority, setpwent, setsockopt, shmctl, shmget, shmread, shmwrite, sockatmark, socketpair, stat, symlink, syscall, sysopen, system, times, truncate, umask, utime, wait, waitpid

Supported Platforms

Linux (x86, ARM, IA64), HP-UX, AIX, Win32, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, Windows 7, Cygwin, Solaris (x86, SPARC), OpenVMS, Alpha (7.2 and later), I64 (8.2 and later), Symbian, NetBSD, FreeBSD, Debian GNU/kFreeBSD, Haiku, Irix (6.5. What else?), OpenBSD, Dragonfly BSD, QNX Neutrino RTOS (6.5.0), MirOS BSD, time_t issues that may or may not be fixed, Symbian (Series 60 v3, 3.2 and 5 - what else?), Stratus VOS / OpenVOS, AIX

EOL Platforms (Perl 5.14)

Atari MiNT, Apollo Domain/OS, Apple Mac OS 8/9, Tenon Machten, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows NT4

Supported Platforms (Perl 5.8)
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS

perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localization)

DESCRIPTION
WHAT IS A LOCALE

Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric formatting, Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts, Category LC_TIME: Date/Time formatting, Category LC_MESSAGES: Error and other messages, Category LC_COLLATE: Collation, Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types

PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
USING LOCALES
The use locale pragma

Under use locale ':not_characters';, Under just plain use locale;

The setlocale function
Finding locales
LOCALE PROBLEMS
Temporarily fixing locale problems
Permanently fixing locale problems
Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
Fixing system locale configuration
The localeconv function
I18N::Langinfo
LOCALE CATEGORIES
Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
LC_TIME
Other categories
SECURITY
ENVIRONMENT

PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG

Examples
NOTES
Backward compatibility
I18N:Collate obsolete
Sort speed and memory use impacts
write() and LC_NUMERIC
Freely available locale definitions
I18n and l10n
An imperfect standard
Unicode and UTF-8
BUGS
Broken systems
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction

DESCRIPTION
Unicode
Perl's Unicode Support
Perl's Unicode Model
Unicode and EBCDIC
Creating Unicode
Handling Unicode
Legacy Encodings
Unicode I/O
Displaying Unicode As Text
Special Cases
Advanced Topics
Miscellaneous
Questions With Answers
Hexadecimal Notation
Further Resources
UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE

perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl

DESCRIPTION
Important Caveats

Safest if you "use feature 'unicode_strings'", Input and Output Layers, use utf8 still needed to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts autodetected, use encoding needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings

Byte and Character Semantics
Effects of Character Semantics
Unicode Character Properties

\p{All}, \p{Alnum}, \p{Any}, \p{ASCII}, \p{Assigned}, \p{Blank}, \p{Decomposition_Type: Non_Canonical} (Short: \p{Dt=NonCanon}), \p{Graph}, \p{HorizSpace}, \p{In=*}, \p{PerlSpace}, \p{PerlWord}, \p{Posix...}, \p{Present_In: *} (Short: \p{In=*}), \p{Print}, \p{SpacePerl}, \p{Title} and \p{Titlecase}, \p{VertSpace}, \p{Word}, \p{XPosix...}

User-Defined Character Properties
User-Defined Case Mappings (for serious hackers only)
Character Encodings for Input and Output
Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
Unicode Encodings
Non-character code points
Beyond Unicode code points
Security Implications of Unicode
Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
Locales
When Unicode Does Not Happen
The "Unicode Bug"
Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
Using Unicode in XS
Hacking Perl to work on earlier Unicode versions (for very serious hackers only)
BUGS
Interaction with Locales
Problems with characters in the Latin-1 Supplement range
Interaction with Extensions
Speed
Problems on EBCDIC platforms
Porting code from perl-5.6.X
SEE ALSO

perlunifaq - Perl Unicode FAQ

Q and A
perlunitut isn't really a Unicode tutorial, is it?
What character encodings does Perl support?
Which version of perl should I use?
What about binary data, like images?
When should I decode or encode?
What if I don't decode?
What if I don't encode?
Is there a way to automatically decode or encode?
What if I don't know which encoding was used?
Can I use Unicode in my Perl sources?
Data::Dumper doesn't restore the UTF8 flag; is it broken?
Why do regex character classes sometimes match only in the ASCII range?
Why do some characters not uppercase or lowercase correctly?
How can I determine if a string is a text string or a binary string?
How do I convert from encoding FOO to encoding BAR?
What are decode_utf8 and encode_utf8?
What is a "wide character"?
INTERNALS
What is "the UTF8 flag"?
What about the use bytes pragma?
What about the use encoding pragma?
What is the difference between :encoding and :utf8?
What's the difference between UTF-8 and utf8?
I lost track; what encoding is the internal format really?
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perluniprops - Index of Unicode Version 6.1.0 character properties in Perl

DESCRIPTION
Properties accessible through \p{} and \P{}

Single form (\p{name}) tighter rules:, white space adjacent to a non-word character, underscores separating digits in numbers, Compound form (\p{name=value} or \p{name:value}) tighter rules:, Stabilized, Deprecated, Obsolete, * is a wild-card, (\d+) in the info column gives the number of code points matched by this property, D means this is deprecated, O means this is obsolete, S means this is stabilized, T means tighter (stricter) name matching applies, X means use of this form is discouraged, and may not be stable

\p{Canonical_Combining_Class=Attached_Below_Left}, \p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break=Prepend}, \p{Joining_Type=Left_Joining}

Properties accessible through Unicode::UCD
Properties accessible through other means
Unicode character properties that are NOT accepted by Perl

Expands_On_NFC (XO_NFC), Expands_On_NFD (XO_NFD), Expands_On_NFKC (XO_NFKC), Expands_On_NFKD (XO_NFKD), Grapheme_Link (Gr_Link), Indic_Matra_Category (InMC), Indic_Syllabic_Category (InSC), Jamo_Short_Name (JSN), Other_Alphabetic (OAlpha), Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point (ODI), Other_Grapheme_Extend (OGr_Ext), Other_ID_Continue (OIDC), Other_ID_Start (OIDS), Other_Lowercase (OLower), Other_Math (OMath), Other_Uppercase (OUpper), Script=Katakana_Or_Hiragana (sc=Hrkt), Script_Extensions=Katakana_Or_Hiragana (scx=Hrkt)

Other information in the Unicode data base

auxiliary/GraphemeBreakTest.html, auxiliary/LineBreakTest.html, auxiliary/SentenceBreakTest.html, auxiliary/WordBreakTest.html, auxiliary/LBTest.txt, auxiliary/SBTest.txt, auxiliary/WBTest.txt, BidiTest.txt, NormalizationTest.txt, CJKRadicals.txt, EmojiSources.txt, Index.txt, IndicMatraCategory.txt, IndicSyllabicCategory.txt, NamedSqProv.txt, NamesList.txt, NormalizationCorrections.txt, Props.txt, ReadMe.txt, StandardizedVariants.txt

SEE ALSO

perlunitut - Perl Unicode Tutorial

DESCRIPTION
Definitions
Your new toolkit
I/O flow (the actual 5 minute tutorial)
SUMMARY
Q and A (or FAQ)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms

DESCRIPTION
COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
ASCII
ISO 8859
Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
EBCDIC
The 13 variant characters
0037
1047
POSIX-BC
Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
Unicode and UTF
Using Encode
SINGLE OCTET TABLES

recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6

IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
CONVERSIONS
tr///
iconv
C RTL
OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
FUNCTION DIFFERENCES

chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()

REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
SOCKETS
SORTING
Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
MONO CASE then sort data.
Convert, sort data, then re convert.
Perform sorting on one type of platform only.
TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
URL decoding and encoding
uu encoding and decoding
Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
Caesarean ciphers
Hashing order and checksums
I18N AND L10N
MULTI-OCTET CHARACTER SETS
OS ISSUES
OS/400

PASE, IFS access

OS/390, z/OS

chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales

VM/ESA?
POSIX-BC?
BUGS
SEE ALSO
REFERENCES
HISTORY
AUTHOR

perlsec - Perl security

DESCRIPTION
SECURITY VULNERABILITY CONTACT INFORMATION
SECURITY MECHANISMS AND CONCERNS
Taint mode
Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
Switches On the "#!" Line
Taint mode and @INC
Cleaning Up Your Path
Security Bugs
Protecting Your Programs
Unicode
Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
SEE ALSO

perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)

DESCRIPTION
Packages
Symbol Tables
BEGIN, UNITCHECK, CHECK, INIT and END
Perl Classes
Perl Modules
Making your module threadsafe
SEE ALSO

perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones

THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
Pragmatic Modules

arybase, attributes, autodie, autodie::exception, autodie::exception::system, autodie::hints, autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, deprecate, diagnostics, encoding, encoding::warnings, feature, fields, filetest, if, inc::latest, integer, less, lib, locale, mro, open, ops, overload, overloading, parent, perldoc, perlfaq, perlfaq1, perlfaq2, perlfaq3, perlfaq4, perlfaq5, perlfaq6, perlfaq7, perlfaq8, perlfaq9, perlfunc, perlglossary, perlpodspeccopy, perlvarcopy, perlxs, perlxstut, perlxstypemap, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version, vmsish, warnings, warnings::register

Standard Modules

AnyDBM_File, App::Cpan, App::Prove, App::Prove::State, App::Prove::State::Result, App::Prove::State::Result::Test, Archive::Extract, Archive::Tar, Archive::Tar::File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Lint, B::Lint::Debug, B::Showlex, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, Socket, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CORE, CPAN, CPAN::API::HOWTO, CPAN::Distroprefs, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Kwalify, CPAN::Meta, CPAN::Meta::Converter, CPAN::Meta::Feature, CPAN::Meta::History, CPAN::Meta::Prereqs, CPAN::Meta::Requirements, CPAN::Meta::Spec, CPAN::Meta::Validator, CPAN::Meta::YAML, CPAN::Nox, CPAN::Version, CPANPLUS, CPANPLUS::Backend, CPANPLUS::Backend::RV, CPANPLUS::Config, CPANPLUS::Configure, CPANPLUS::Dist, CPANPLUS::Dist::Autobundle, CPANPLUS::Dist::Base, CPANPLUS::Dist::Build, CPANPLUS::Dist::Build::Constants, CPANPLUS::Dist::MM, CPANPLUS::Dist::Sample, CPANPLUS::Error, CPANPLUS::FAQ, CPANPLUS::Hacking, CPANPLUS::Internals, CPANPLUS::Internals::Extract, CPANPLUS::Internals::Fetch, CPANPLUS::Internals::Report, CPANPLUS::Internals::Search, CPANPLUS::Internals::Source, CPANPLUS::Internals::Source::Memory, CPANPLUS::Internals::Source::SQLite, CPANPLUS::Internals::Utils, CPANPLUS::Module, CPANPLUS::Module::Author, CPANPLUS::Module::Author::Fake, CPANPLUS::Module::Checksums, CPANPLUS::Module::Fake, CPANPLUS::Selfupdate, CPANPLUS::Shell, CPANPLUS::Shell::Classic, CPANPLUS::Shell::Default, CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::CustomSource, CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::HOWTO, CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::Remote, CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::Source, Carp, Class::Struct, Compress::Raw::Bzip2, Compress::Raw::Zlib, Compress::Zlib, Config, Cwd, DB, DBM_Filter, DBM_Filter::compress, DBM_Filter::encode, DBM_Filter::int32, DBM_Filter::null, DBM_Filter::utf8, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::InnerPackage, Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5, Digest::SHA, Digest::base, Digest::file, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, Encode::Encoding, Encode::GSM0338, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Name, Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::CBuilder, ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Constant::Base, ExtUtils::Constant::Utils, ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_AIX, ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS, ExtUtils::MM_Darwin, ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_QNX, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_VOS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::ParseXS, ExtUtils::ParseXS::Constants, ExtUtils::ParseXS::Utilities, ExtUtils::Typemaps, ExtUtils::Typemaps::Cmd, ExtUtils::Typemaps::InputMap, ExtUtils::Typemaps::OutputMap, ExtUtils::Typemaps::Type, ExtUtils::XSSymSet, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Fetch, File::Find, File::Glob, File::GlobMapper, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, HTTP::Tiny, Hash::Util, Hash::Util::FieldHash, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::Detect, I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Compress::Base, IO::Compress::Bzip2, IO::Compress::Deflate, IO::Compress::FAQ, IO::Compress::Gzip, IO::Compress::RawDeflate, IO::Compress::Zip, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate, IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress, IO::Uncompress::Base, IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2, IO::Uncompress::Gunzip, IO::Uncompress::Inflate, IO::Uncompress::RawInflate, IO::Uncompress::Unzip, IO::Zlib, IPC::Cmd, IPC::Msg, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::Semaphore, IPC::SharedMem, IPC::SysV, JSON::PP, JSON::PP::Boolean, List::Util, List::Util::XS, Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, Locale::Codes::Changes, Locale::Codes::Constants, Locale::Codes::Country, Locale::Codes::Country_Codes, Locale::Codes::Country_Retired, Locale::Codes::Currency, Locale::Codes::Currency_Codes, Locale::Codes::Currency_Retired, Locale::Codes::LangExt, Locale::Codes::LangExt_Codes, Locale::Codes::LangExt_Retired, Locale::Codes::LangFam, Locale::Codes::LangFam_Codes, Locale::Codes::LangFam_Retired, Locale::Codes::LangVar, Locale::Codes::LangVar_Codes, Locale::Codes::LangVar_Retired, Locale::Codes::Language, Locale::Codes::Language_Codes, Locale::Codes::Language_Retired, Locale::Codes::Script, Locale::Codes::Script_Codes, Locale::Codes::Script_Retired, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::Cookbook, Locale::Maketext::Guts, Locale::Maketext::GutsLoader, Locale::Maketext::Simple, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, Log::Message, Log::Message::Config, Log::Message::Handlers, Log::Message::Item, Log::Message::Simple, MIME::Base64, MIME::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigInt::FastCalc, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, Module::Build, Module::Build::API, Module::Build::Authoring, Module::Build::Base, Module::Build::Bundling, Module::Build::Compat, Module::Build::ConfigData, Module::Build::Cookbook, Module::Build::ModuleInfo, Module::Build::Notes, Module::Build::PPMMaker, Module::Build::Platform::Amiga, Module::Build::Platform::Default, Module::Build::Platform::EBCDIC, Module::Build::Platform::MPEiX, Module::Build::Platform::MacOS, Module::Build::Platform::RiscOS, Module::Build::Platform::Unix, Module::Build::Platform::VMS, Module::Build::Platform::VOS, Module::Build::Platform::Windows, Module::Build::Platform::aix, Module::Build::Platform::cygwin, Module::Build::Platform::darwin, Module::Build::Platform::os2, Module::Build::Version, Module::Build::YAML, Module::CoreList, Module::Load, Module::Load::Conditional, Module::Loaded, Module::Metadata, Module::Pluggable, Module::Pluggable::Object, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Object::Accessor, Opcode, POSIX, Package::Constants, Params::Check, Parse::CPAN::Meta, Perl::OSType, PerlIO, PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::mmap, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, Pod::Checker, Pod::Escapes, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Perldoc, Pod::Perldoc::BaseTo, Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO, Pod::Perldoc::ToANSI, Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff, Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToTerm, Pod::Perldoc::ToText, Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Select, Pod::Simple, Pod::Simple::Checker, Pod::Simple::Debug, Pod::Simple::DumpAsText, Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML, Pod::Simple::HTML, Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch, Pod::Simple::LinkSection, Pod::Simple::Methody, Pod::Simple::PullParser, Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken, Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken, Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken, Pod::Simple::PullParserToken, Pod::Simple::RTF, Pod::Simple::Search, Pod::Simple::SimpleTree, Pod::Simple::Subclassing, Pod::Simple::Text, Pod::Simple::TextContent, Pod::Simple::XHTML, Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Storable, Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Syslog::Win32, TAP::Base, TAP::Formatter::Base, TAP::Formatter::Color, TAP::Formatter::Console, TAP::Formatter::Console::ParallelSession, TAP::Formatter::Console::Session, TAP::Formatter::File, TAP::Formatter::File::Session, TAP::Formatter::Session, TAP::Harness, TAP::Object, TAP::Parser, TAP::Parser::Aggregator, TAP::Parser::Grammar, TAP::Parser::Iterator, TAP::Parser::Iterator::Array, TAP::Parser::Iterator::Process, TAP::Parser::Iterator::Stream, TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory, TAP::Parser::Multiplexer, TAP::Parser::Result, TAP::Parser::Result::Bailout, TAP::Parser::Result::Comment, TAP::Parser::Result::Plan, TAP::Parser::Result::Pragma, TAP::Parser::Result::Test, TAP::Parser::Result::Unknown, TAP::Parser::Result::Version, TAP::Parser::Result::YAML, TAP::Parser::ResultFactory, TAP::Parser::Scheduler, TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Job, TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Spinner, TAP::Parser::Source, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Executable, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::File, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Handle, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Perl, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::RawTAP, TAP::Parser::Utils, TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Reader, TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Writer, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Term::UI, Term::UI::History, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Builder::Module, Test::Builder::Tester, Test::Builder::Tester::Color, Test::Harness, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Hash::NamedCapture, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdHandle, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::Piece, Time::Seconds, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Big5, Unicode::Collate::CJK::GB2312, Unicode::Collate::CJK::JISX0208, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Korean, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Pinyin, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Stroke, Unicode::Collate::Locale, Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, VMS::DCLsym, VMS::Stdio, Version::Requirements, Win32API::File, Win32CORE, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, XSLoader, version::Internals

Extension Modules
CPAN
Africa

South Africa

Asia

China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Russia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey

Central America

Costa Rica

Europe

Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom

North America

Bahamas, Canada, Mexico, United States, Alabama, Arizona, California, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin

Oceania

Australia, New Zealand

South America

Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia

RSYNC Mirrors
Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
Guidelines for Module Creation
Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
NOTE

perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide

INTRODUCTION
QUICK CHECKLIST
Before you start
The API
Stability
Documentation
Release considerations
BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
Has it been done before?
Do one thing and do it well
What's in a name?
DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
To OO or not to OO?
Designing your API

Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, Parameter passing

Strictness and warnings
Backwards compatibility
Error handling and messages
DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
POD
README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs

perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build, perl Build test, perl Build install

RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
Version numbering
Pre-requisites
Testing
Packaging
Licensing
COMMON PITFALLS
Reinventing the wheel
Trying to do too much
Inappropriate documentation
SEE ALSO

perlstyle, perlnewmod, perlpod, podchecker, Packaging Tools, Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering

AUTHOR

perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules

DESCRIPTION
PREAMBLE

DECOMPRESS the file, UNPACK the file into a directory, BUILD the module (sometimes unnecessary), INSTALL the module

PORTABILITY
HEY
AUTHOR

perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution

DESCRIPTION
Warning
What should I make into a module?
Step-by-step: Preparing the ground

Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again

Step-by-step: Making the module

Start with module-starter or h2xs, Use strict and warnings, Use Carp, Use Exporter - wisely!, Use plain old documentation, Write tests, Write the README

Step-by-step: Distributing your module

Get a CPAN user ID, perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist, Upload the tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlpragma - how to write a user pragma

DESCRIPTION
A basic example
Key naming
Implementation details

perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution

DESCRIPTION
LIST OF UTILITIES
Documentation

perldoc, pod2man and pod2text, pod2html and pod2latex, pod2usage, podselect, podchecker, splain, roffitall

Converters

a2p, s2p and psed, find2perl

Administration

config_data, libnetcfg, perlivp

Development

perlbug, perlthanks, h2ph, c2ph and pstruct, h2xs, enc2xs, xsubpp, prove, corelist

General tools

piconv, ptar, ptardiff, ptargrep, shasum, zipdetails

Installation

cpan, cpanp, cpan2dist, instmodsh

SEE ALSO

perlfilter - Source Filters

DESCRIPTION
CONCEPTS
USING FILTERS
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C

Decryption Filters

CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
CONCLUSION
THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR

Some Filters Clobber the DATA Handle

REQUIREMENTS
AUTHOR
Copyrights

perldtrace - Perl's support for DTrace

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
PROBES

sub-entry(SUBNAME, FILE, LINE, PACKAGE), sub-return(SUBNAME, FILE, LINE, PACKAGE), phase-change(NEWPHASE, OLDPHASE)

EXAMPLES

Most frequently called functions, Trace function calls, Function calls during interpreter cleanup, System calls at compile time

REFERENCES

DTrace User Guide, DTrace: Dynamic Tracing in Oracle Solaris, Mac OS X and FreeBSD

AUTHORS

perlglossary - Perl Glossary

DESCRIPTION
A

accessor methods, actual arguments, address operator, algorithm, alias, alternatives, anonymous, architecture, argument, ARGV, arithmetical operator, array, array context, ASCII, assertion, assignment, assignment operator, associative array, associativity, asynchronous, atom, atomic operation, attribute, autogeneration, autoincrement, autoload, autosplit, autovivification, AV, awk

B

backreference, backtracking, backward compatibility, bareword, base class, big-endian, binary, binary operator, bind, bit, bit shift, bit string, bless, block, BLOCK, block buffering, Boolean, Boolean context, breakpoint, broadcast, BSD, bucket, buffer, built-in, bundle, byte, bytecode

C

C, C preprocessor, call by reference, call by value, callback, canonical, capture buffer, capture group, capturing, character, character class, character property, circumfix operator, class, class method, client, cloister, closure, cluster, CODE, code generator, code point, code subpattern, collating sequence, command, command buffering, command name, command-line arguments, comment, compilation unit, compile phase, compile time, compiler, composer, concatenation, conditional, connection, construct, constructor, context, continuation, core dump, CPAN, cracker, current package, current working directory, currently selected output channel, CV

D

dangling statement, data structure, data type, datagram, DBM, declaration, decrement, default, defined, delimiter, deprecated modules and features, dereference, derived class, descriptor, destroy, destructor, device, directive, directory, directory handle, dispatch, distribution, (to be) dropped modules, dweomer, dwimmer, dynamic scoping

E

eclectic, element, embedding, empty list, empty subclass test, en passant, encapsulation, endian, environment, environment variable, EOF, errno, error, escape sequence, exception, exception handling, exec, executable file, execute, execute bit, exit status, export, expression, extension

F

false, FAQ, fatal error, field, FIFO, file, file descriptor, file test operator, fileglob, filehandle, filename, filesystem, filter, flag, floating point, flush, FMTEYEWTK, fork, formal arguments, format, freely available, freely redistributable, freeware, function, funny character

G

garbage collection, GID, glob, global, global destruction, glue language, granularity, greedy, grep, group, GV

H

hacker, handler, hard reference, hash, hash table, header file, here document, hexadecimal, home directory, host, hubris, HV

I

identifier, impatience, implementation, import, increment, indexing, indirect filehandle, indirect object, indirect object slot, indirection, infix, inheritance, instance, instance variable, integer, interface, interpolation, interpreter, invocant, invocation, I/O, IO, IP, IPC, is-a, iteration, iterator, IV

J

JAPH

K

key, keyword

L

label, laziness, left shift, leftmost longest, lexeme, lexer, lexical analysis, lexical scoping, lexical variable, library, LIFO, line, line buffering, line number, link, LIST, list, list context, list operator, list value, literal, little-endian, local, logical operator, lookahead, lookbehind, loop, loop control statement, loop label, lvaluable, lvalue, lvalue modifier

M

magic, magical increment, magical variables, Makefile, man, manpage, matching, member data, memory, metacharacter, metasymbol, method, minimalism, mode, modifier, module, modulus, monger, mortal, multidimensional array, multiple inheritance

N

named pipe, namespace, network address, newline, NFS, null character, null list, null string, numeric context, NV, nybble

O

object, octal, offset, one-liner, open source software, operand, operating system, operator, operator overloading, options, ordinal, overloading, overriding, owner

P

package, pad, parameter, parent class, parse tree, parsing, patch, PATH, pathname, pattern, pattern matching, permission bits, Pern, pipe, pipeline, platform, pod, pointer, polymorphism, port, portable, porter, POSIX, postfix, pp, pragma, precedence, prefix, preprocessing, procedure, process, program generator, progressive matching, property, protocol, prototype, pseudofunction, pseudohash, pseudoliteral, public domain, pumpkin, pumpking, PV

Q

qualified, quantifier

R

readable, reaping, record, recursion, reference, referent, regex, regular expression, regular expression modifier, regular file, relational operator, reserved words, restricted hash, return value, RFC, right shift, root, RTFM, run phase, run time, run-time pattern, RV, rvalue

S

scalar, scalar context, scalar literal, scalar value, scalar variable, scope, scratchpad, script, script kiddie, sed, semaphore, separator, serialization, server, service, setgid, setuid, shared memory, shebang, shell, side effects, signal, signal handler, single inheritance, slice, slurp, socket, soft reference, source filter, stack, standard, standard error, standard I/O, standard input, standard output, stat structure, statement, statement modifier, static, static method, static scoping, static variable, status, STDERR, STDIN, STDIO, STDOUT, stream, string, string context, stringification, struct, structure, subclass, subpattern, subroutine, subscript, substitution, substring, superclass, superuser, SV, switch, switch cluster, switch statement, symbol, symbol table, symbolic debugger, symbolic link, symbolic reference, synchronous, syntactic sugar, syntax, syntax tree, syscall

T

tainted, TCP, term, terminator, ternary, text, thread, tie, TMTOWTDI, token, tokener, tokenizing, toolbox approach, transliterate, trigger, trinary, troff, true, truncating, type, type casting, typed lexical, typedef, typeglob, typemap

U

UDP, UID, umask, unary operator, Unicode, Unix

V

value, variable, variable interpolation, variadic, vector, virtual, void context, v-string

W

warning, watch expression, whitespace, word, working directory, wrapper, WYSIWYG

X

XS, XSUB

Y

yacc

Z

zero width, zombie

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program

DESCRIPTION
PREAMBLE

Use C from Perl?, Use a Unix program from Perl?, Use Perl from Perl?, Use C from C?, Use Perl from C?

ROADMAP
Compiling your C program
Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
Maintaining a persistent interpreter
Execution of END blocks
$0 assignments
Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C program
Hiding Perl_
MORAL
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging

DESCRIPTION
Debugger Internals
Writing Your Own Debugger
Frame Listing Output Examples
Debugging Regular Expressions
Compile-time Output

anchored STRING at POS, floating STRING at POS1..POS2, matching floating/anchored, minlen, stclass TYPE, noscan, isall, GPOS, plus, implicit, with eval, anchored(TYPE)

Types of Nodes
Run-time Output
Debugging Perl Memory Usage
Using $ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}

buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX), Free/Used, Total sbrk(): SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS, pad: 0, heads: 2192, chain: 0, tail: 6144

SEE ALSO

perlxstut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs

DESCRIPTION
SPECIAL NOTES
make
Version caveat
Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
TUTORIAL
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
What has gone on?
Writing good test scripts
EXAMPLE 3
What's new here?
Input and Output Parameters
The XSUBPP Program
The TYPEMAP file
Warning about Output Arguments
EXAMPLE 4
What has happened here?
Anatomy of .xs file
Getting the fat out of XSUBs
More about XSUB arguments
The Argument Stack
Extending your Extension
Documenting your Extension
Installing your Extension
EXAMPLE 5
New Things in this Example
EXAMPLE 6
New Things in this Example
EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
Troubleshooting these Examples
See also
Author
Last Changed

perlxs - XS language reference manual

DESCRIPTION
Introduction
On The Road
The Anatomy of an XSUB
The Argument Stack
The RETVAL Variable
Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
The MODULE Keyword
The PACKAGE Keyword
The PREFIX Keyword
The OUTPUT: Keyword
The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
The CODE: Keyword
The INIT: Keyword
The NO_INIT Keyword
The TYPEMAP: Keyword
Initializing Function Parameters
Default Parameter Values
The PREINIT: Keyword
The SCOPE: Keyword
The INPUT: Keyword
The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
The length(NAME) Keyword
Variable-length Parameter Lists
The C_ARGS: Keyword
The PPCODE: Keyword
Returning Undef And Empty Lists
The REQUIRE: Keyword
The CLEANUP: Keyword
The POSTCALL: Keyword
The BOOT: Keyword
The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
The ALIAS: Keyword
The OVERLOAD: Keyword
The FALLBACK: Keyword
The INTERFACE: Keyword
The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
The INCLUDE: Keyword
The INCLUDE_COMMAND: Keyword
The CASE: Keyword
The EXPORT_XSUB_SYMBOLS: Keyword
The & Unary Operator
Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
Using XS With C++
Interface Strategy
Perl Objects And C Structures
Safely Storing Static Data in XS

MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT, aMY_CXT/pMY_CXT, MY_CXT_CLONE, MY_CXT_INIT_INTERP(my_perl), dMY_CXT_INTERP(my_perl)

Thread-aware system interfaces
EXAMPLES
XS VERSION
AUTHOR

perlxstypemap - Perl XS C/Perl type mapping

DESCRIPTION
Anatomy of a typemap
The Role of the typemap File in Your Distribution
Sharing typemaps Between CPAN Distributions
Writing typemap Entries
Full Listing of Core Typemaps

T_SV, T_SVREF, T_SVREF_FIXED, T_AVREF, T_AVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED, T_HVREF, T_HVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED, T_CVREF, T_CVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED, T_SYSRET, T_UV, T_IV, T_INT, T_ENUM, T_BOOL, T_U_INT, T_SHORT, T_U_SHORT, T_LONG, T_U_LONG, T_CHAR, T_U_CHAR, T_FLOAT, T_NV, T_DOUBLE, T_PV, T_PTR, T_PTRREF, T_PTROBJ, T_REF_IV_REF, T_REF_IV_PTR, T_PTRDESC, T_REFREF, T_REFOBJ, T_OPAQUEPTR, T_OPAQUE, Implicit array, T_PACKED, T_PACKEDARRAY, T_DATAUNIT, T_CALLBACK, T_ARRAY, T_STDIO, T_INOUT, T_IN, T_OUT

perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions

DESCRIPTION
Conventions

t, p, n, s

File Operations
File Input and Output
File Positioning
Memory Management and String Handling
Character Class Tests
stdlib.h functions
Miscellaneous functions
SEE ALSO

perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API

DESCRIPTION
Variables
Datatypes
What is an "IV"?
Working with SVs
Offsets
What's Really Stored in an SV?
Working with AVs
Working with HVs
Hash API Extensions
AVs, HVs and undefined values
References
Blessed References and Class Objects
Creating New Variables

GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN

Reference Counts and Mortality
Stashes and Globs
Double-Typed SVs
Magic Variables
Assigning Magic
Magic Virtual Tables
Finding Magic
Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
Localizing changes

SAVEINT(int i), SAVEIV(IV i), SAVEI32(I32 i), SAVELONG(long i), SAVESPTR(s), SAVEPPTR(p), SAVEFREESV(SV *sv), SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV *sv), SAVEFREEOP(OP *op), SAVEFREEPV(p), SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv), SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length), SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p), SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p), SAVESTACK_POS(), SV* save_scalar(GV *gv), AV* save_ary(GV *gv), HV* save_hash(GV *gv), void save_item(SV *item), void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg), SV* save_svref(SV **sptr), void save_aptr(AV **aptr), void save_hptr(HV **hptr)

Subroutines
XSUBs and the Argument Stack
Autoloading with XSUBs
Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
Memory Allocation
PerlIO
Putting a C value on Perl stack
Scratchpads
Scratchpads and recursion
Compiled code
Code tree
Examining the tree
Compile pass 1: check routines
Compile pass 1a: constant folding
Compile pass 2: context propagation
Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
Pluggable runops
Compile-time scope hooks

void bhk_start(pTHX_ int full), void bhk_pre_end(pTHX_ OP **o), void bhk_post_end(pTHX_ OP **o), void bhk_eval(pTHX_ OP *const o)

Examining internal data structures with the dump functions
How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
So what happened to dTHR?
How do I use all this in extensions?
Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
Internal Functions

A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b, others

Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
Exception Handling
Source Documentation
Backwards compatibility
Unicode Support
What is Unicode, anyway?
How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
Is there anything else I need to know?
Custom Operators

xop_name, xop_desc, xop_class, OA_BASEOP, OA_UNOP, OA_BINOP, OA_LOGOP, OA_LISTOP, OA_PMOP, OA_SVOP, OA_PADOP, OA_PVOP_OR_SVOP, OA_LOOP, OA_COP, xop_peep

AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C

DESCRIPTION

An Error Handler, An Event-Driven Program

THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS

call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv

FLAG VALUES
G_VOID
G_SCALAR
G_ARRAY
G_DISCARD
G_NOARGS
G_EVAL
G_KEEPERR
Determining the Context
EXAMPLES
No Parameters, Nothing Returned
Passing Parameters
Returning a Scalar
Returning a List of Values
Returning a List in a Scalar Context
Returning Data from Perl via the Parameter List
Using G_EVAL
Using G_KEEPERR
Using call_sv
Using call_argv
Using call_method
Using GIMME_V
Using Perl to Dispose of Temporaries
Strategies for Storing Callback Context Information

1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl callback

Alternate Stack Manipulation
Creating and Calling an Anonymous Subroutine in C
LIGHTWEIGHT CALLBACKS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
DATE

perlmroapi - Perl method resolution plugin interface

DESCRIPTION

resolve, name, length, kflags, hash

Callbacks
Caching
Examples
AUTHORS

perlreapi - perl regular expression plugin interface

DESCRIPTION
Callbacks
comp

/m - RXf_PMf_MULTILINE, /s - RXf_PMf_SINGLELINE, /i - RXf_PMf_FOLD, /x - RXf_PMf_EXTENDED, /p - RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY, Character set, RXf_UTF8, RXf_SPLIT, RXf_SKIPWHITE, RXf_START_ONLY, RXf_WHITE, RXf_NULL

exec
intuit
checkstr
free
Numbered capture callbacks
Named capture callbacks
qr_package
dupe
The REGEXP structure
engine
mother_re
extflags
minlen minlenret
gofs
substrs
nparens, lastparen, and lastcloseparen
intflags
pprivate
swap
offs
precomp prelen
paren_names
substrs
subbeg sublen saved_copy
wrapped wraplen
seen_evals
refcnt
HISTORY
AUTHORS
LICENSE

perlreguts - Description of the Perl regular expression engine.

DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
A quick note on terms
What is a regular expression engine?
Structure of a Regexp Program

regnode_1, regnode_2, regnode_string, regnode_charclass, regnode_charclass_class

Process Overview

A. Compilation, 1. Parsing for size, 2. Parsing for construction, 3. Peep-hole optimisation and analysis, B. Execution, 4. Start position and no-match optimisations, 5. Program execution

Compilation

anchored fixed strings, floating fixed strings, minimum and maximum length requirements, start class, Beginning/End of line positions

Execution
MISCELLANEOUS
Unicode and Localisation Support
Base Structures

swap, offsets, regstclass, data, program

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENCE
REFERENCES

perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API

DESCRIPTION
"Gimme" Values

GIMME , GIMME_V , G_ARRAY , G_DISCARD , G_EVAL , G_NOARGS , G_SCALAR , G_VOID

Array Manipulation Functions

AvFILL , av_clear , av_create_and_push , av_create_and_unshift_one , av_delete , av_exists , av_extend , av_fetch , av_fill , av_len , av_make , av_pop , av_push , av_shift , av_store , av_undef , av_unshift , get_av , newAV , sortsv , sortsv_flags

Callback Functions

call_argv , call_method , call_pv , call_sv , ENTER , eval_pv , eval_sv , FREETMPS , LEAVE , SAVETMPS

Character case changing

toLOWER , toUPPER

Character classes

isALPHA , isASCII , isDIGIT , isLOWER , isOCTAL , isSPACE , isUPPER , isWORDCHAR , isXDIGIT

Cloning an interpreter

perl_clone

Compile-time scope hooks

BhkDISABLE , BhkENABLE , BhkENTRY_set , blockhook_register

COP Hint Hashes

cophh_2hv , cophh_copy , cophh_delete_pv , cophh_delete_pvn , cophh_delete_pvs , cophh_delete_sv , cophh_fetch_pv , cophh_fetch_pvn , cophh_fetch_pvs , cophh_fetch_sv , cophh_free , cophh_new_empty , cophh_store_pv , cophh_store_pvn , cophh_store_pvs , cophh_store_sv

COP Hint Reading

cop_hints_2hv , cop_hints_fetch_pv , cop_hints_fetch_pvn , cop_hints_fetch_pvs , cop_hints_fetch_sv

Custom Operators

custom_op_register , custom_op_xop , XopDISABLE , XopENABLE , XopENTRY , XopENTRY_set , XopFLAGS

CV Manipulation Functions

CvSTASH , get_cv , get_cvn_flags

Embedding Functions

cv_clone , cv_undef , find_rundefsv , find_rundefsvoffset , load_module , nothreadhook , pad_add_anon , pad_add_name_pv , pad_add_name_pvn , pad_add_name_sv , pad_alloc , pad_compname_type , pad_findmy_pv , pad_findmy_pvn , pad_findmy_sv , pad_setsv , pad_sv , pad_tidy , perl_alloc , perl_construct , perl_destruct , perl_free , perl_parse , perl_run , require_pv

Functions in file dump.c

pv_display , pv_escape , pv_pretty

Functions in file mathoms.c

custom_op_desc , custom_op_name , gv_fetchmethod , pack_cat , sv_2pvbyte_nolen , sv_2pvutf8_nolen , sv_2pv_nolen , sv_catpvn_mg , sv_catsv_mg , sv_force_normal , sv_iv , sv_nolocking , sv_nounlocking , sv_nv , sv_pv , sv_pvbyte , sv_pvbyten , sv_pvn , sv_pvutf8 , sv_pvutf8n , sv_taint , sv_unref , sv_usepvn , sv_usepvn_mg , sv_uv , unpack_str

Functions in file op.c

op_contextualize

Functions in file perl.h

PERL_SYS_INIT , PERL_SYS_INIT3 , PERL_SYS_TERM

Functions in file pp_ctl.c

caller_cx , find_runcv

Functions in file pp_pack.c

packlist , unpackstring

Functions in file pp_sys.c

setdefout

Functions in file utf8.h

ibcmp_utf8

Functions in file util.h

ibcmp , ibcmp_locale

Global Variables

PL_check , PL_keyword_plugin

GV Functions

GvSV , gv_const_sv , gv_fetchmeth , gv_fetchmethod_autoload , gv_fetchmeth_autoload , gv_fetchmeth_pv , gv_fetchmeth_pvn , gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload , gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload , gv_fetchmeth_sv , gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload , gv_init , gv_init_pv , gv_init_pvn , gv_init_sv , gv_stashpv , gv_stashpvn , gv_stashpvs , gv_stashsv

Handy Values

Nullav , Nullch , Nullcv , Nullhv , Nullsv

Hash Manipulation Functions

cop_fetch_label , cop_store_label , get_hv , HEf_SVKEY , HeHASH , HeKEY , HeKLEN , HePV , HeSVKEY , HeSVKEY_force , HeSVKEY_set , HeUTF8 , HeVAL , HvENAME , HvENAMELEN , HvENAMEUTF8 , HvNAME , HvNAMELEN , HvNAMEUTF8 , hv_assert , hv_clear , hv_clear_placeholders , hv_copy_hints_hv , hv_delete , hv_delete_ent , hv_exists , hv_exists_ent , hv_fetch , hv_fetchs , hv_fetch_ent , hv_fill , hv_iterinit , hv_iterkey , hv_iterkeysv , hv_iternext , hv_iternextsv , hv_iternext_flags , hv_iterval , hv_magic , hv_scalar , hv_store , hv_stores , hv_store_ent , hv_undef , newHV

Hook manipulation

wrap_op_checker

Lexer interface

lex_bufutf8 , lex_discard_to , lex_grow_linestr , lex_next_chunk , lex_peek_unichar , lex_read_space , lex_read_to , lex_read_unichar , lex_start , lex_stuff_pv , lex_stuff_pvn , lex_stuff_pvs , lex_stuff_sv , lex_unstuff , parse_arithexpr , parse_barestmt , parse_block , parse_fullexpr , parse_fullstmt , parse_label , parse_listexpr , parse_stmtseq , parse_termexpr , PL_parser , PL_parser->bufend , PL_parser->bufptr , PL_parser->linestart , PL_parser->linestr

Magical Functions

mg_clear , mg_copy , mg_find , mg_findext , mg_free , mg_free_type , mg_get , mg_length , mg_magical , mg_set , SvGETMAGIC , SvLOCK , SvSETMAGIC , SvSetMagicSV , SvSetMagicSV_nosteal , SvSetSV , SvSetSV_nosteal , SvSHARE , SvUNLOCK

Memory Management

Copy , CopyD , Move , MoveD , Newx , Newxc , Newxz , Poison , PoisonFree , PoisonNew , PoisonWith , Renew , Renewc , Safefree , savepv , savepvn , savepvs , savesharedpv , savesharedpvn , savesharedpvs , savesharedsvpv , savesvpv , StructCopy , Zero , ZeroD

Miscellaneous Functions

fbm_compile , fbm_instr , foldEQ , foldEQ_locale , form , getcwd_sv , mess , mess_sv , my_snprintf , my_sprintf , my_vsnprintf , new_version , prescan_version , scan_version , strEQ , strGE , strGT , strLE , strLT , strNE , strnEQ , strnNE , sv_destroyable , sv_nosharing , upg_version , vcmp , vmess , vnormal , vnumify , vstringify , vverify

MRO Functions

mro_get_linear_isa , mro_method_changed_in , mro_register

Multicall Functions

dMULTICALL , MULTICALL , POP_MULTICALL , PUSH_MULTICALL

Numeric functions

grok_bin , grok_hex , grok_number , grok_numeric_radix , grok_oct , Perl_signbit , scan_bin , scan_hex , scan_oct

Optree construction

newASSIGNOP , newBINOP , newCONDOP , newFOROP , newGIVENOP , newGVOP , newLISTOP , newLOGOP , newLOOPEX , newLOOPOP , newNULLLIST , newOP , newPADOP , newPMOP , newPVOP , newRANGE , newSLICEOP , newSTATEOP , newSVOP , newUNOP , newWHENOP , newWHILEOP

Optree Manipulation Functions

ck_entersub_args_list , ck_entersub_args_proto , ck_entersub_args_proto_or_list , cv_const_sv , cv_get_call_checker , cv_set_call_checker , LINKLIST , newCONSTSUB , newCONSTSUB_flags , newXS , op_append_elem , op_append_list , OP_CLASS , OP_DESC , op_linklist , op_lvalue , OP_NAME , op_prepend_elem , op_scope , rv2cv_op_cv

Pad Data Structures

CvPADLIST , pad_add_name_pvs , pad_findmy_pvs , pad_new , PL_comppad , PL_comppad_name , PL_curpad

Per-Interpreter Variables

PL_modglobal , PL_na , PL_opfreehook , PL_peepp , PL_rpeepp , PL_sv_no , PL_sv_undef , PL_sv_yes

REGEXP Functions

SvRX , SvRXOK

Simple Exception Handling Macros

dXCPT , XCPT_CATCH , XCPT_RETHROW , XCPT_TRY_END , XCPT_TRY_START

Stack Manipulation Macros

dMARK , dORIGMARK , dSP , EXTEND , MARK , mPUSHi , mPUSHn , mPUSHp , mPUSHs , mPUSHu , mXPUSHi , mXPUSHn , mXPUSHp , mXPUSHs , mXPUSHu , ORIGMARK , POPi , POPl , POPn , POPp , POPpbytex , POPpx , POPs , PUSHi , PUSHMARK , PUSHmortal , PUSHn , PUSHp , PUSHs , PUSHu , PUTBACK , SP , SPAGAIN , XPUSHi , XPUSHmortal , XPUSHn , XPUSHp , XPUSHs , XPUSHu , XSRETURN , XSRETURN_EMPTY , XSRETURN_IV , XSRETURN_NO , XSRETURN_NV , XSRETURN_PV , XSRETURN_UNDEF , XSRETURN_UV , XSRETURN_YES , XST_mIV , XST_mNO , XST_mNV , XST_mPV , XST_mUNDEF , XST_mYES

SV Flags

svtype , SVt_IV , SVt_NV , SVt_PV , SVt_PVAV , SVt_PVCV , SVt_PVHV , SVt_PVMG

SV Manipulation Functions

boolSV , croak_xs_usage , get_sv , newRV_inc , newSVpvn_utf8 , SvCUR , SvCUR_set , SvEND , SvGAMAGIC , SvGROW , SvIOK , SvIOKp , SvIOK_notUV , SvIOK_off , SvIOK_on , SvIOK_only , SvIOK_only_UV , SvIOK_UV , SvIsCOW , SvIsCOW_shared_hash , SvIV , SvIVX , SvIVx , SvIV_nomg , SvIV_set , SvLEN , SvLEN_set , SvMAGIC_set , SvNIOK , SvNIOKp , SvNIOK_off , SvNOK , SvNOKp , SvNOK_off , SvNOK_on , SvNOK_only , SvNV , SvNVX , SvNVx , SvNV_nomg , SvNV_set , SvOK , SvOOK , SvOOK_offset , SvPOK , SvPOKp , SvPOK_off , SvPOK_on , SvPOK_only , SvPOK_only_UTF8 , SvPV , SvPVbyte , SvPVbytex , SvPVbytex_force , SvPVbyte_force , SvPVbyte_nolen , SvPVutf8 , SvPVutf8x , SvPVutf8x_force , SvPVutf8_force , SvPVutf8_nolen , SvPVX , SvPVx , SvPV_force , SvPV_force_nomg , SvPV_nolen , SvPV_nomg , SvPV_nomg_nolen , SvPV_set , SvREFCNT , SvREFCNT_dec , SvREFCNT_inc , SvREFCNT_inc_NN , SvREFCNT_inc_simple , SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN , SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void , SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN , SvREFCNT_inc_void , SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN , SvROK , SvROK_off , SvROK_on , SvRV , SvRV_set , SvSTASH , SvSTASH_set , SvTAINT , SvTAINTED , SvTAINTED_off , SvTAINTED_on , SvTRUE , SvTRUE_nomg , SvTYPE , SvUOK , SvUPGRADE , SvUTF8 , SvUTF8_off , SvUTF8_on , SvUV , SvUVX , SvUVx , SvUV_nomg , SvUV_set , SvVOK , sv_catpvn_nomg , sv_catpv_nomg , sv_catsv_nomg , sv_derived_from , sv_derived_from_pv , sv_derived_from_pvn , sv_derived_from_sv , sv_does , sv_does_pv , sv_does_pvn , sv_does_sv , sv_report_used , sv_setsv_nomg , sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg

SV-Body Allocation

looks_like_number , newRV_noinc , newSV , newSVhek , newSViv , newSVnv , newSVpv , newSVpvf , newSVpvn , newSVpvn_flags , newSVpvn_share , newSVpvs , newSVpvs_flags , newSVpvs_share , newSVpv_share , newSVrv , newSVsv , newSVuv , newSV_type , sv_2bool , sv_2bool_flags , sv_2cv , sv_2io , sv_2iv_flags , sv_2mortal , sv_2nv_flags , sv_2pvbyte , sv_2pvutf8 , sv_2pv_flags , sv_2uv_flags , sv_backoff , sv_bless , sv_catpv , sv_catpvf , sv_catpvf_mg , sv_catpvn , sv_catpvn_flags , sv_catpvs , sv_catpvs_flags , sv_catpvs_mg , sv_catpvs_nomg , sv_catpv_flags , sv_catpv_mg , sv_catsv , sv_catsv_flags , sv_chop , sv_clear , sv_cmp , sv_cmp_flags , sv_cmp_locale , sv_cmp_locale_flags , sv_collxfrm , sv_collxfrm_flags , sv_copypv , sv_dec , sv_dec_nomg , sv_eq , sv_eq_flags , sv_force_normal_flags , sv_free , sv_gets , sv_grow , sv_inc , sv_inc_nomg , sv_insert , sv_insert_flags , sv_isa , sv_isobject , sv_len , sv_len_utf8 , sv_magic , sv_magicext , sv_mortalcopy , sv_newmortal , sv_newref , sv_pos_b2u , sv_pos_u2b , sv_pos_u2b_flags , sv_pvbyten_force , sv_pvn_force , sv_pvn_force_flags , sv_pvutf8n_force , sv_reftype , sv_replace , sv_reset , sv_rvweaken , sv_setiv , sv_setiv_mg , sv_setnv , sv_setnv_mg , sv_setpv , sv_setpvf , sv_setpvf_mg , sv_setpviv , sv_setpviv_mg , sv_setpvn , sv_setpvn_mg , sv_setpvs , sv_setpvs_mg , sv_setpv_mg , sv_setref_iv , sv_setref_nv , sv_setref_pv , sv_setref_pvn , sv_setref_pvs , sv_setref_uv , sv_setsv , sv_setsv_flags , sv_setsv_mg , sv_setuv , sv_setuv_mg , sv_tainted , sv_true , sv_unmagic , sv_unmagicext , sv_unref_flags , sv_untaint , sv_upgrade , sv_usepvn_flags , sv_utf8_decode , sv_utf8_downgrade , sv_utf8_encode , sv_utf8_upgrade , sv_utf8_upgrade_flags , sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg , sv_vcatpvf , sv_vcatpvfn , sv_vcatpvf_mg , sv_vsetpvf , sv_vsetpvfn , sv_vsetpvf_mg

Unicode Support

bytes_cmp_utf8 , bytes_from_utf8 , bytes_to_utf8 , foldEQ_utf8 , is_ascii_string , is_utf8_char , is_utf8_char_buf , is_utf8_string , is_utf8_string_loc , is_utf8_string_loclen , pv_uni_display , sv_cat_decode , sv_recode_to_utf8 , sv_uni_display , to_utf8_case , to_utf8_fold , to_utf8_lower , to_utf8_title , to_utf8_upper , utf8n_to_uvchr , utf8n_to_uvuni , utf8_distance , utf8_hop , utf8_length , utf8_to_bytes , utf8_to_uvchr , utf8_to_uvchr_buf , utf8_to_uvuni , utf8_to_uvuni_buf , uvchr_to_utf8 , uvuni_to_utf8_flags

Variables created by xsubpp and xsubpp internal functions

ax , CLASS , dAX , dAXMARK , dITEMS , dUNDERBAR , dXSARGS , dXSI32 , items , ix , newXSproto , RETVAL , ST , THIS , UNDERBAR , XS , XS_APIVERSION_BOOTCHECK , XS_EXTERNAL , XS_INTERNAL , XS_VERSION , XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK

Warning and Dieing

croak , croak_no_modify , croak_sv , die , die_sv , vcroak , vwarn , warn , warn_sv

Undocumented functions

GetVars , Gv_AMupdate , PerlIO_clearerr , PerlIO_close , PerlIO_context_layers , PerlIO_eof , PerlIO_error , PerlIO_fileno , PerlIO_fill , PerlIO_flush , PerlIO_get_base , PerlIO_get_bufsiz , PerlIO_get_cnt , PerlIO_get_ptr , PerlIO_read , PerlIO_seek , PerlIO_set_cnt , PerlIO_set_ptrcnt , PerlIO_setlinebuf , PerlIO_stderr , PerlIO_stdin , PerlIO_stdout , PerlIO_tell , PerlIO_unread , PerlIO_write , Slab_Alloc , Slab_Free , _is_utf8_quotemeta , amagic_call , amagic_deref_call , any_dup , atfork_lock , atfork_unlock , av_arylen_p , av_iter_p , block_gimme , call_atexit , call_list , calloc , cast_i32 , cast_iv , cast_ulong , cast_uv , ck_warner , ck_warner_d , ckwarn , ckwarn_d , clone_params_del , clone_params_new , croak_nocontext , csighandler , cx_dump , cx_dup , cxinc , deb , deb_nocontext , debop , debprofdump , debstack , debstackptrs , delimcpy , despatch_signals , die_nocontext , dirp_dup , do_aspawn , do_binmode , do_close , do_gv_dump , do_gvgv_dump , do_hv_dump , do_join , do_magic_dump , do_op_dump , do_open , do_open9 , do_openn , do_pmop_dump , do_spawn , do_spawn_nowait , do_sprintf , do_sv_dump , doing_taint , doref , dounwind , dowantarray , dump_all , dump_eval , dump_fds , dump_form , dump_indent , dump_mstats , dump_packsubs , dump_sub , dump_vindent , filter_add , filter_del , filter_read , foldEQ_latin1 , form_nocontext , fp_dup , fprintf_nocontext , free_global_struct , free_tmps , get_context , get_mstats , get_op_descs , get_op_names , get_ppaddr , get_vtbl , gp_dup , gp_free , gp_ref , gv_AVadd , gv_HVadd , gv_IOadd , gv_SVadd , gv_add_by_type , gv_autoload4 , gv_autoload_pv , gv_autoload_pvn , gv_autoload_sv , gv_check , gv_dump , gv_efullname , gv_efullname3 , gv_efullname4 , gv_fetchfile , gv_fetchfile_flags , gv_fetchpv , gv_fetchpvn_flags , gv_fetchsv , gv_fullname , gv_fullname3 , gv_fullname4 , gv_handler , gv_name_set , he_dup , hek_dup , hv_common , hv_common_key_len , hv_delayfree_ent , hv_eiter_p , hv_eiter_set , hv_free_ent , hv_ksplit , hv_name_set , hv_placeholders_get , hv_placeholders_p , hv_placeholders_set , hv_riter_p , hv_riter_set , init_global_struct , init_i18nl10n , init_i18nl14n , init_stacks , init_tm , instr , is_lvalue_sub , is_uni_alnum , is_uni_alnum_lc , is_uni_alpha , is_uni_alpha_lc , is_uni_ascii , is_uni_ascii_lc , is_uni_cntrl , is_uni_cntrl_lc , is_uni_digit , is_uni_digit_lc , is_uni_graph , is_uni_graph_lc , is_uni_idfirst , is_uni_idfirst_lc , is_uni_lower , is_uni_lower_lc , is_uni_print , is_uni_print_lc , is_uni_punct , is_uni_punct_lc , is_uni_space , is_uni_space_lc , is_uni_upper , is_uni_upper_lc , is_uni_xdigit , is_uni_xdigit_lc , is_utf8_alnum , is_utf8_alpha , is_utf8_ascii , is_utf8_cntrl , is_utf8_digit , is_utf8_graph , is_utf8_idcont , is_utf8_idfirst , is_utf8_lower , is_utf8_mark , is_utf8_perl_space , is_utf8_perl_word , is_utf8_posix_digit , is_utf8_print , is_utf8_punct , is_utf8_space , is_utf8_upper , is_utf8_xdigit , is_utf8_xidcont , is_utf8_xidfirst , leave_scope , load_module_nocontext , magic_dump , malloc , markstack_grow , mess_nocontext , mfree , mg_dup , mg_size , mini_mktime , moreswitches , mro_get_from_name , mro_get_private_data , mro_set_mro , mro_set_private_data , my_atof , my_atof2 , my_bcopy , my_bzero , my_chsize , my_cxt_index , my_cxt_init , my_dirfd , my_exit , my_failure_exit , my_fflush_all , my_fork , my_htonl , my_lstat , my_memcmp , my_memset , my_ntohl , my_pclose , my_popen , my_popen_list , my_setenv , my_socketpair , my_stat , my_strftime , my_strlcat , my_strlcpy , my_swap , newANONATTRSUB , newANONHASH , newANONLIST , newANONSUB , newATTRSUB , newAVREF , newCVREF , newFORM , newGVREF , newGVgen , newGVgen_flags , newHVREF , newHVhv , newIO , newMYSUB , newPROG , newRV , newSUB , newSVREF , newSVpvf_nocontext , new_collate , new_ctype , new_numeric , new_stackinfo , ninstr , op_dump , op_free , op_null , op_refcnt_lock , op_refcnt_unlock , parser_dup , perl_alloc_using , perl_clone_using , pmop_dump , pop_scope , pregcomp , pregexec , pregfree , pregfree2 , printf_nocontext , ptr_table_clear , ptr_table_fetch , ptr_table_free , ptr_table_new , ptr_table_split , ptr_table_store , push_scope , re_compile , re_dup_guts , re_intuit_start , re_intuit_string , realloc , reentrant_free , reentrant_init , reentrant_retry , reentrant_size , ref , reg_named_buff_all , reg_named_buff_exists , reg_named_buff_fetch , reg_named_buff_firstkey , reg_named_buff_nextkey , reg_named_buff_scalar , regclass_swash , regdump , regdupe_internal , regexec_flags , regfree_internal , reginitcolors , regnext , repeatcpy , rninstr , rsignal , rsignal_state , runops_debug , runops_standard , rvpv_dup , safesyscalloc , safesysfree , safesysmalloc , safesysrealloc , save_I16 , save_I32 , save_I8 , save_adelete , save_aelem , save_aelem_flags , save_alloc , save_aptr , save_ary , save_bool , save_clearsv , save_delete , save_destructor , save_destructor_x , save_freeop , save_freepv , save_freesv , save_generic_pvref , save_generic_svref , save_gp , save_hash , save_hdelete , save_helem , save_helem_flags , save_hints , save_hptr , save_int , save_item , save_iv , save_list , save_long , save_mortalizesv , save_nogv , save_op , save_padsv_and_mortalize , save_pptr , save_pushi32ptr , save_pushptr , save_pushptrptr , save_re_context , save_scalar , save_set_svflags , save_shared_pvref , save_sptr , save_svref , save_vptr , savestack_grow , savestack_grow_cnt , scan_num , scan_vstring , screaminstr , seed , set_context , set_numeric_local , set_numeric_radix , set_numeric_standard , share_hek , si_dup , ss_dup , stack_grow , start_subparse , stashpv_hvname_match , str_to_version , sv_2iv , sv_2pv , sv_2uv , sv_catpvf_mg_nocontext , sv_catpvf_nocontext , sv_compile_2op , sv_dump , sv_dup , sv_dup_inc , sv_peek , sv_pvn_nomg , sv_setpvf_mg_nocontext , sv_setpvf_nocontext , sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow , swash_fetch , swash_init , sys_init , sys_init3 , sys_intern_clear , sys_intern_dup , sys_intern_init , sys_term , taint_env , taint_proper , tmps_grow , to_uni_fold , to_uni_lower , to_uni_lower_lc , to_uni_title , to_uni_title_lc , to_uni_upper , to_uni_upper_lc , unlnk , unsharepvn , utf16_to_utf8 , utf16_to_utf8_reversed , uvchr_to_utf8_flags , uvuni_to_utf8 , vdeb , vform , vload_module , vnewSVpvf , vwarner , warn_nocontext , warner , warner_nocontext , whichsig , whichsig_pv , whichsig_pvn , whichsig_sv

AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely internal Perl functions

DESCRIPTION
Compile-time scope hooks

BhkENTRY , BhkFLAGS , CALL_BLOCK_HOOKS

CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE

CvWEAKOUTSIDE

Embedding Functions

cv_dump , do_dump_pad , intro_my , padlist_dup , pad_alloc_name , pad_block_start , pad_check_dup , pad_findlex , pad_fixup_inner_anons , pad_free , pad_leavemy , pad_push , pad_reset , pad_swipe

Functions in file op.c

core_prototype

Functions in file pp_ctl.c

docatch

GV Functions

gv_try_downgrade

Hash Manipulation Functions

hv_ename_add , hv_ename_delete , refcounted_he_chain_2hv , refcounted_he_fetch_pv , refcounted_he_fetch_pvn , refcounted_he_fetch_pvs , refcounted_he_fetch_sv , refcounted_he_free , refcounted_he_inc , refcounted_he_new_pv , refcounted_he_new_pvn , refcounted_he_new_pvs , refcounted_he_new_sv

IO Functions

start_glob

Magical Functions

magic_clearhint , magic_clearhints , magic_methcall , magic_sethint , mg_localize

MRO Functions

mro_get_linear_isa_dfs , mro_isa_changed_in , mro_package_moved

Optree Manipulation Functions

finalize_optree

Pad Data Structures

CX_CURPAD_SAVE , CX_CURPAD_SV , PAD_BASE_SV , PAD_CLONE_VARS , PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS , PAD_COMPNAME_GEN , PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set , PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH , PAD_COMPNAME_PV , PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE , pad_peg , PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL , PAD_SAVE_LOCAL , PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD , PAD_SETSV , PAD_SET_CUR , PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE , PAD_SV , PAD_SVl , SAVECLEARSV , SAVECOMPPAD , SAVEPADSV

Per-Interpreter Variables

PL_DBsingle , PL_DBsub , PL_DBtrace , PL_dowarn , PL_last_in_gv , PL_ofsgv , PL_rs

Stack Manipulation Macros

djSP , LVRET

SV Manipulation Functions

sv_add_arena , sv_clean_all , sv_clean_objs , sv_free_arenas

SV-Body Allocation

sv_2num , sv_ref

Unicode Support

find_uninit_var , report_uninit

Undocumented functions

_add_range_to_invlist , _core_swash_init , _invlist_array_init , _invlist_contents , _invlist_intersection , _invlist_intersection_maybe_complement_2nd , _invlist_invert , _invlist_invert_prop , _invlist_populate_swatch , _invlist_subtract , _invlist_union , _invlist_union_maybe_complement_2nd , _is_utf8__perl_idstart , _new_invlist , _swash_inversion_hash , _swash_to_invlist , _to_fold_latin1 , _to_upper_title_latin1 , aassign_common_vars , add_cp_to_invlist , addmad , allocmy , amagic_is_enabled , append_madprops , apply , av_reify , bind_match , block_end , block_start , boot_core_PerlIO , boot_core_UNIVERSAL , boot_core_mro , cando , check_utf8_print , ck_entersub_args_core , convert , coresub_op , create_eval_scope , cv_ckproto_len_flags , cvgv_set , cvstash_set , deb_stack_all , delete_eval_scope , die_unwind , do_aexec , do_aexec5 , do_eof , do_exec , do_exec3 , do_execfree , do_ipcctl , do_ipcget , do_msgrcv , do_msgsnd , do_ncmp , do_op_xmldump , do_pmop_xmldump , do_print , do_readline , do_seek , do_semop , do_shmio , do_sysseek , do_tell , do_trans , do_vecget , do_vecset , do_vop , dofile , dump_all_perl , dump_packsubs_perl , dump_sub_perl , dump_sv_child , emulate_cop_io , feature_is_enabled , find_rundefsv2 , find_script , free_tied_hv_pool , get_db_sub , get_debug_opts , get_hash_seed , get_invlist_iter_addr , get_invlist_len_addr , get_invlist_version_id_addr , get_invlist_zero_addr , get_no_modify , get_opargs , get_re_arg , getenv_len , hfree_next_entry , hv_backreferences_p , hv_kill_backrefs , hv_undef_flags , init_argv_symbols , init_dbargs , init_debugger , invert , invlist_array , invlist_clone , invlist_iterinit , invlist_len , invlist_max , invlist_set_len , invlist_trim , io_close , is_utf8_X_L , is_utf8_X_LV , is_utf8_X_LVT , is_utf8_X_LV_LVT_V , is_utf8_X_T , is_utf8_X_V , is_utf8_X_begin , is_utf8_X_extend , is_utf8_X_non_hangul , is_utf8_X_prepend , jmaybe , keyword , keyword_plugin_standard , list , localize , mad_free , madlex , madparse , magic_clear_all_env , magic_clearenv , magic_clearisa , magic_clearpack , magic_clearsig , magic_existspack , magic_freearylen_p , magic_freeovrld , magic_get , magic_getarylen , magic_getdefelem , magic_getnkeys , magic_getpack , magic_getpos , magic_getsig , magic_getsubstr , magic_gettaint , magic_getuvar , magic_getvec , magic_killbackrefs , magic_len , magic_nextpack , magic_regdata_cnt , magic_regdatum_get , magic_regdatum_set , magic_scalarpack , magic_set , magic_set_all_env , magic_setamagic , magic_setarylen , magic_setcollxfrm , magic_setdbline , magic_setdefelem , magic_setenv , magic_setisa , magic_setmglob , magic_setnkeys , magic_setpack , magic_setpos , magic_setregexp , magic_setsig , magic_setsubstr , magic_settaint , magic_setutf8 , magic_setuvar , magic_setvec , magic_setvstring , magic_sizepack , magic_wipepack , malloc_good_size , malloced_size , mem_collxfrm , mode_from_discipline , more_bodies , mro_meta_dup , mro_meta_init , munge_qwlist_to_paren_list , my_attrs , my_betoh16 , my_betoh32 , my_betoh64 , my_betohi , my_betohl , my_betohs , my_clearenv , my_htobe16 , my_htobe32 , my_htobe64 , my_htobei , my_htobel , my_htobes , my_htole16 , my_htole32 , my_htole64 , my_htolei , my_htolel , my_htoles , my_letoh16 , my_letoh32 , my_letoh64 , my_letohi , my_letohl , my_letohs , my_lstat_flags , my_stat_flags , my_swabn , my_unexec , newATTRSUB_flags , newGP , newMADPROP , newMADsv , newTOKEN , newXS_len_flags , new_warnings_bitfield , nextargv , oopsAV , oopsHV , op_clear , op_const_sv , op_getmad , op_getmad_weak , op_integerize , op_lvalue_flags , op_refcnt_dec , op_refcnt_inc , op_std_init , op_xmldump , package , package_version , parse_unicode_opts , parser_free , peep , pending_Slabs_to_ro , pmop_xmldump , pmruntime , populate_isa , prepend_madprops , qerror , reg_named_buff , reg_named_buff_iter , reg_numbered_buff_fetch , reg_numbered_buff_length , reg_numbered_buff_store , reg_qr_package , reg_temp_copy , regcurly , regprop , report_evil_fh , report_redefined_cv , report_wrongway_fh , rpeep , rsignal_restore , rsignal_save , rxres_save , same_dirent , sawparens , scalar , scalarvoid , set_regclass_bit , sighandler , softref2xv , sub_crush_depth , sv_add_backref , sv_catxmlpv , sv_catxmlpvn , sv_catxmlsv , sv_compile_2op_is_broken , sv_del_backref , sv_free2 , sv_kill_backrefs , sv_sethek , sv_setsv_cow , sv_unglob , sv_xmlpeek , tied_method , token_free , token_getmad , translate_substr_offsets , try_amagic_bin , try_amagic_un , unshare_hek , utilize , varname , vivify_defelem , vivify_ref , wait4pid , was_lvalue_sub , watch , write_to_stderr , xmldump_all , xmldump_all_perl , xmldump_eval , xmldump_form , xmldump_indent , xmldump_packsubs , xmldump_packsubs_perl , xmldump_sub , xmldump_sub_perl , xmldump_vindent , xs_apiversion_bootcheck , xs_version_bootcheck , yyerror , yyerror_pv , yyerror_pvn , yylex , yyparse , yyunlex

AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
History and Background
Basic Structure
Layers vs Disciplines
Data Structures
Functions and Attributes
Per-instance Data
Layers in action.
Per-instance flag bits

PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS

Methods in Detail

fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode, Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, Set_ptrcnt

Utilities
Implementing PerlIO Layers

C implementations, Perl implementations

Core Layers

"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"

Extension Layers

":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"

TODO

perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, PerlIO_stdin(), PerlIO_stdout(), PerlIO_stderr(), PerlIO_open(path, mode), PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode), PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f), PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...), PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a), PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...), PerlIO_read(f,buf,count), PerlIO_write(f,buf,count), PerlIO_close(f), PerlIO_puts(f,s), PerlIO_putc(f,c), PerlIO_ungetc(f,c), PerlIO_getc(f), PerlIO_eof(f), PerlIO_error(f), PerlIO_fileno(f), PerlIO_clearerr(f), PerlIO_flush(f), PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence), PerlIO_tell(f), PerlIO_getpos(f,p), PerlIO_setpos(f,p), PerlIO_rewind(f), PerlIO_tmpfile(), PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)

Co-existence with stdio

PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode), PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode), PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f), PerlIO_findFILE(f)

"Fast gets" Functions

PerlIO_fast_gets(f), PerlIO_has_cntptr(f), PerlIO_get_cnt(f), PerlIO_get_ptr(f), PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c), PerlIO_canset_cnt(f), PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c), PerlIO_has_base(f), PerlIO_get_base(f), PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)

Other Functions

PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), '<' read, '>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)

perlhack - How to hack on Perl

DESCRIPTION
SUPER QUICK PATCH GUIDE

Check out the source repository, Make your change, Test your change, Commit your change, Send your change to perlbug, Thank you

BUG REPORTING
PERL 5 PORTERS
perl-changes mailing list
#p5p on IRC
GETTING THE PERL SOURCE
Read access via Git
Read access via the web
Read access via rsync
Write access via git
PATCHING PERL
Submitting patches
Getting your patch accepted

Why, What, How

Patching a core module
Updating perldelta
What makes for a good patch?
TESTING

t/base and t/comp, t/cmd, t/run, t/io and t/op, Everything else

Special make test targets

test_porting, coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 check.utf8, minitest.utf16 test.utf16, test_harness, test-notty test_notty

Parallel tests
Running tests by hand
Using t/harness for testing

-v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re LIST OF PATTERNS, PERL_CORE=1, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST, PERL_TEST_Net_Ping, PERL_TEST_NOVREXX, PERL_TEST_NUMCONVERTS

MORE READING FOR GUTS HACKERS

perlsource, perlinterp, perlhacktut, perlhacktips, perlguts, perlxstut and perlxs, perlapi, Porting/pumpkin.pod, The perl5-porters FAQ

CPAN TESTERS AND PERL SMOKERS
WHAT NEXT?
"The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began."
Metaphoric Quotations
AUTHOR

perlsource - A guide to the Perl source tree

DESCRIPTION
FINDING YOUR WAY AROUND
C code
Core modules

lib/, ext/, dist/, cpan/

Tests

Module tests, t/base/, t/cmd/, t/comp/, t/io/, t/mro/, t/op/, t/re/, t/run/, t/uni/, t/win32/, t/porting/, t/lib/, t/x2p

Documentation
Hacking tools and documentation

check*, Maintainers, Maintainers.pl, and Maintainers.pm, podtidy

Build system
AUTHORS
MANIFEST

perlinterp - An overview of the Perl interpreter

DESCRIPTION
ELEMENTS OF THE INTERPRETER
Startup
Parsing
Optimization
Running
Exception handing
INTERNAL VARIABLE TYPES
OP TREES
STACKS
Argument stack
Mark stack
Save stack
MILLIONS OF MACROS
FURTHER READING

perlhacktut - Walk through the creation of a simple C code patch

DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE PATCH
Writing the patch
Testing the patch
Documenting the patch
Submit
AUTHOR

perlhacktips - Tips for Perl core C code hacking

DESCRIPTION
COMMON PROBLEMS
Perl environment problems
Portability problems
Problematic System Interfaces
Security problems
DEBUGGING
Poking at Perl
Using a source-level debugger

run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, finish, 'enter', print

gdb macro support
Dumping Perl Data Structures
SOURCE CODE STATIC ANALYSIS
lint, splint
Coverity
cpd (cut-and-paste detector)
gcc warnings
Warnings of other C compilers
MEMORY DEBUGGERS
Rational Software's Purify

-Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity, DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug

valgrind
PROFILING
Gprof Profiling

-a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z

GCC gcov Profiling
MISCELLANEOUS TRICKS
PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
PERL_MEM_LOG
DDD over gdb
Poison
Read-only optrees
The .i Targets
AUTHOR
DESCRIPTION
GOVERNANCE
Perl 5 Porters
MAINTENANCE AND SUPPORT
BACKWARD COMPATIBILITY AND DEPRECATION
Terminology

experimental, deprecated, discouraged, removed

MAINTENANCE BRANCHES
Getting changes into a maint branch
CONTRIBUTED MODULES
A Social Contract about Artistic Control
DOCUMENTATION
CREDITS

perlgit - Detailed information about git and the Perl repository

DESCRIPTION
CLONING THE REPOSITORY
WORKING WITH THE REPOSITORY
Finding out your status
Patch workflow
Committing your changes
Using git to send patch emails
A note on derived files
Cleaning a working directory
Bisecting
Topic branches and rewriting history
Grafts
WRITE ACCESS TO THE GIT REPOSITORY
Accepting a patch
Committing to blead
Committing to maintenance versions
Merging from a branch via GitHub
A note on camel and dromedary
DESCRIPTION

Programming Perl (the "Camel Book"):, The Perl Cookbook (the "Ram Book"):, Learning Perl (the "Llama Book"), Intermediate Perl (the "Alpaca Book")

References

Perl 5 Pocket Reference, Perl Debugger Pocket Reference, Regular Expression Pocket Reference

Tutorials

Beginning Perl, Learning Perl, Intermediate Perl (the "Alpaca Book"), Mastering Perl, Effective Perl Programming

Task-Oriented

Writing Perl Modules for CPAN, The Perl Cookbook, Automating System Administration with Perl, Real World SQL Server Administration with Perl

Special Topics

Regular Expressions Cookbook, Programming the Perl DBI, Perl Best Practices, Higher-Order Perl, Mastering Regular Expressions, Network Programming with Perl, Perl Template Toolkit, Object Oriented Perl, Data Munging with Perl, Mastering Perl/Tk, Extending and Embedding Perl, Pro Perl Debugging

Free (as in beer) books
Other interesting, non-Perl books

Programming Pearls, More Programming Pearls

A note on freshness
Get your book listed

perlcommunity - a brief overview of the Perl community

DESCRIPTION
Where to Find the Community
Mailing Lists and Newsgroups
IRC
Websites

http://perl.com/, http://use.perl.org/, http://www.perlmonks.org/

User Groups
Workshops
Hackathons
Conventions
Calendar of Perl Events
AUTHOR

perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS

-h, -D, -t, -u, -m module, -l, -F, -f perlfunc, -q perlfaq-search-regexp, -v perlvar, -T, -d destination-filename, -o output-formatname, -M module-name, -w option:value or -w option, -X, -L language_code, PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName|URL, -n some-formatter, -r, -i, -V

SECURITY
ENVIRONMENT
CHANGES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlhist - the Perl history records

DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION
THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
PUMPKIN?
THE RECORDS
SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
SELECTED PATCH SIZES
THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS

perldelta - what is new for perl v5.16.0

DESCRIPTION
Notice
Core Enhancements
use VERSION
__SUB__
New and Improved Built-ins
Unicode Support
XS Changes
Changes to Special Variables
Debugger Changes
The CORE Namespace
Other Changes
Security
Use is_utf8_char_buf() and not is_utf8_char()
Malformed UTF-8 input could cause attempts to read beyond the end of the buffer
File::Glob::bsd_glob() memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC (CVE-2011-2728).
Privileges are now set correctly when assigning to $(
Deprecations
Don't read the Unicode data base files in lib/unicore
XS functions is_utf8_char(), utf8_to_uvchr() and utf8_to_uvuni()
Future Deprecations
Core Modules
Platforms with no supporting programmers:
Other Future Deprecations
Incompatible Changes
Special blocks called in void context
The overloading pragma and regexp objects
Two XS typemap Entries removed
Unicode 6.1 has incompatibilities with Unicode 6.0
Borland compiler
Certain deprecated Unicode properties are no longer supported by default
Dereferencing IO thingies as typeglobs
User-defined case-changing operations
XSUBs are now 'static'
Weakening read-only references
Tying scalars that hold typeglobs
IPC::Open3 no longer provides xfork(), xclose_on_exec() and xpipe_anon()
$$ no longer caches PID
$$ and getppid() no longer emulate POSIX semantics under LinuxThreads
$<, $>, $( and $) are no longer cached
Which Non-ASCII characters get quoted by quotemeta and \Q has changed
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Deprecated Modules

Version::Requirements

New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Removed Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Removed Errors
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Array and hash
C API fixes
Compile-time hints
Copy-on-write scalars
The debugger
Dereferencing operators
Filehandle, last-accessed
Filetests and stat
Formats
given and when
The glob operator
Lvalue subroutines
Overloading
Prototypes of built-in keywords
Regular expressions
Smartmatching
The sort operator
The substr operator
Support for embedded nulls
Threading bugs
Tied variables
Version objects and vstrings
Warnings, redefinition
Warnings, "Uninitialized"
Weak references
Other notable fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5160delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.16.0

DESCRIPTION
Notice
Core Enhancements
use VERSION
__SUB__
New and Improved Built-ins
Unicode Support
XS Changes
Changes to Special Variables
Debugger Changes
The CORE Namespace
Other Changes
Security
Use is_utf8_char_buf() and not is_utf8_char()
Malformed UTF-8 input could cause attempts to read beyond the end of the buffer
File::Glob::bsd_glob() memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC (CVE-2011-2728).
Privileges are now set correctly when assigning to $(
Deprecations
Don't read the Unicode data base files in lib/unicore
XS functions is_utf8_char(), utf8_to_uvchr() and utf8_to_uvuni()
Future Deprecations
Core Modules
Platforms with no supporting programmers:
Other Future Deprecations
Incompatible Changes
Special blocks called in void context
The overloading pragma and regexp objects
Two XS typemap Entries removed
Unicode 6.1 has incompatibilities with Unicode 6.0
Borland compiler
Certain deprecated Unicode properties are no longer supported by default
Dereferencing IO thingies as typeglobs
User-defined case-changing operations
XSUBs are now 'static'
Weakening read-only references
Tying scalars that hold typeglobs
IPC::Open3 no longer provides xfork(), xclose_on_exec() and xpipe_anon()
$$ no longer caches PID
$$ and getppid() no longer emulate POSIX semantics under LinuxThreads
$<, $>, $( and $) are no longer cached
Which Non-ASCII characters get quoted by quotemeta and \Q has changed
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Deprecated Modules

Version::Requirements

New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Removed Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Removed Errors
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Array and hash
C API fixes
Compile-time hints
Copy-on-write scalars
The debugger
Dereferencing operators
Filehandle, last-accessed
Filetests and stat
Formats
given and when
The glob operator
Lvalue subroutines
Overloading
Prototypes of built-in keywords
Regular expressions
Smartmatching
The sort operator
The substr operator
Support for embedded nulls
Threading bugs
Tied variables
Version objects and vstrings
Warnings, redefinition
Warnings, "Uninitialized"
Weak references
Other notable fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5160delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.16.0

DESCRIPTION
Notice
Core Enhancements
use VERSION
__SUB__
New and Improved Built-ins
Unicode Support
XS Changes
Changes to Special Variables
Debugger Changes
The CORE Namespace
Other Changes
Security
Use is_utf8_char_buf() and not is_utf8_char()
Malformed UTF-8 input could cause attempts to read beyond the end of the buffer
File::Glob::bsd_glob() memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC (CVE-2011-2728).
Privileges are now set correctly when assigning to $(
Deprecations
Don't read the Unicode data base files in lib/unicore
XS functions is_utf8_char(), utf8_to_uvchr() and utf8_to_uvuni()
Future Deprecations
Core Modules
Platforms with no supporting programmers:
Other Future Deprecations
Incompatible Changes
Special blocks called in void context
The overloading pragma and regexp objects
Two XS typemap Entries removed
Unicode 6.1 has incompatibilities with Unicode 6.0
Borland compiler
Certain deprecated Unicode properties are no longer supported by default
Dereferencing IO thingies as typeglobs
User-defined case-changing operations
XSUBs are now 'static'
Weakening read-only references
Tying scalars that hold typeglobs
IPC::Open3 no longer provides xfork(), xclose_on_exec() and xpipe_anon()
$$ no longer caches PID
$$ and getppid() no longer emulate POSIX semantics under LinuxThreads
$<, $>, $( and $) are no longer cached
Which Non-ASCII characters get quoted by quotemeta and \Q has changed
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Deprecated Modules

Version::Requirements

New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Removed Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Removed Errors
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Array and hash
C API fixes
Compile-time hints
Copy-on-write scalars
The debugger
Dereferencing operators
Filehandle, last-accessed
Filetests and stat
Formats
given and when
The glob operator
Lvalue subroutines
Overloading
Prototypes of built-in keywords
Regular expressions
Smartmatching
The sort operator
The substr operator
Support for embedded nulls
Threading bugs
Tied variables
Version objects and vstrings
Warnings, redefinition
Warnings, "Uninitialized"
Weak references
Other notable fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5142delta - what is new for perl v5.14.2

DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
File::Glob::bsd_glob() memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC (CVE-2011-2728).
Encode decode_xs n-byte heap-overflow (CVE-2011-2939)
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Platform Support
New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes

HP-UX PA-RISC/64 now supports gcc-4.x, Building on OS X 10.7 Lion and Xcode 4 works again

Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5141delta - what is new for perl v5.14.1

DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5140delta - what is new for perl v5.14.0

DESCRIPTION
Notice
Core Enhancements
Unicode
Regular Expressions
Syntactical Enhancements
Exception Handling
Other Enhancements

-d:-foo, -d:-foo=bar

New C APIs
Security
User-defined regular expression properties
Incompatible Changes
Regular Expressions and String Escapes
Stashes and Package Variables
Changes to Syntax or to Perl Operators
Threads and Processes
Configuration
Deprecations
Omitting a space between a regular expression and subsequent word
\cX
"\b{" and "\B{"
Perl 4-era .pl libraries
List assignment to $[
Use of qw(...) as parentheses
\N{BELL}
?PATTERN?
Tie functions on scalars holding typeglobs
User-defined case-mapping
Deprecated modules

Devel::DProf

Performance Enhancements
"Safe signals" optimisation
Optimisation of shift() and pop() calls without arguments
Optimisation of regexp engine string comparison work
Regular expression compilation speed-up
String appending is 100 times faster
Eliminate PL_* accessor functions under ithreads
Freeing weak references
Lexical array and hash assignments
@_ uses less memory
Size optimisations to SV and HV structures
Memory consumption improvements to Exporter
Memory savings for weak references
%+ and %- use less memory
Multiple small improvements to threads
Adjacent pairs of nextstate opcodes are now optimized away
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragma

much less configuration dialog hassle, support for META/MYMETA.json, support for local::lib, support for HTTP::Tiny to reduce the dependency on FTP sites, automatic mirror selection, iron out all known bugs in configure_requires, support for distributions compressed with bzip2(1), allow Foo/Bar.pm on the command line to mean Foo::Bar, charinfo(), charscript(), charblock()

Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics

Closure prototype called, Insecure user-defined property %s, panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer - something is repeatedly re-creating entries, Parsing code internal error (%s), refcnt: fd %d%s, Regexp modifier "/%c" may not appear twice, Regexp modifiers "/%c" and "/%c" are mutually exclusive, Using !~ with %s doesn't make sense, "\b{" is deprecated; use "\b\{" instead, "\B{" is deprecated; use "\B\{" instead, Operation "%s" returns its argument for .., Use of qw(...) as parentheses is deprecated

Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
New Platforms

AIX

Discontinued Platforms

Apollo DomainOS, MacOS Classic

Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
New APIs
C API Changes
Deprecated C APIs

Perl_ptr_table_clear, sv_compile_2op, find_rundefsvoffset, CALL_FPTR and CPERLscope

Other Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
I/O
Regular Expression Bug Fixes
Syntax/Parsing Bugs
Stashes, Globs and Method Lookup

Aliasing packages by assigning to globs [perl #77358], Deleting packages by deleting their containing stash elements, Undefining the glob containing a package (undef *Foo::), Undefining an ISA glob (undef *Foo::ISA), Deleting an ISA stash element (delete $Foo::{ISA}), Sharing @ISA arrays between classes (via *Foo::ISA = \@Bar::ISA or *Foo::ISA = *Bar::ISA) [perl #77238]

Unicode
Ties, Overloading and Other Magic
The Debugger
Threads
Scoping and Subroutines
Signals
Miscellaneous Memory Leaks
Memory Corruption and Crashes
Fixes to Various Perl Operators
Bugs Relating to the C API
Known Problems
Errata
keys(), values(), and each() work on arrays
split() and @_
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5124delta - what is new for perl v5.12.4

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Modules and Pragmata
Testing
Documentation
Platform Specific Notes

Linux

Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5123delta - what is new for perl v5.12.3

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
keys, values work on arrays
Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Notes

Solaris, VMS, VOS

Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5122delta - what is new for perl v5.12.2

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Pragmata Changes
Updated Modules

Carp, CPANPLUS, File::Glob, File::Copy, File::Spec

Utility Changes
Changes to Existing Documentation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Notes
AIX
Windows
VMS
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5121delta - what is new for perl v5.12.1

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Pragmata Changes
Updated Modules
Changes to Existing Documentation
Testing
Testing Improvements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Configuration improvements
Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Notes
HP-UX
AIX
FreeBSD 7
VMS
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5120delta - what is new for perl v5.12.0

DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
New package NAME VERSION syntax
The ... operator
Implicit strictures
Unicode improvements
Y2038 compliance
qr overloading
Pluggable keywords
APIs for more internals
Overridable function lookup
A proper interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders
\N experimental regex escape
DTrace support
Support for configure_requires in CPAN module metadata
each, keys, values are now more flexible
when as a statement modifier
$, flexibility
// in when clauses
Enabling warnings from your shell environment
delete local
New support for Abstract namespace sockets
32-bit limit on substr arguments removed
Potentially Incompatible Changes
Deprecations warn by default
Version number formats
@INC reorganization
REGEXPs are now first class
Switch statement changes

flip-flop operators, defined-or operator

Smart match changes
Other potentially incompatible changes
Deprecations

suidperl, Use of := to mean an empty attribute list, UNIVERSAL->import(), Use of "goto" to jump into a construct, Custom character names in \N{name} that don't look like names, Deprecated Modules, Class::ISA, Pod::Plainer, Shell, Switch, Assignment to $[, Use of the attribute :locked on subroutines, Use of "locked" with the attributes pragma, Use of "unique" with the attributes pragma, Perl_pmflag, Numerous Perl 4-era libraries

Unicode overhaul
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata

autodie, Compress::Raw::Bzip2, overloading, parent, Parse::CPAN::Meta, VMS::DCLsym, VMS::Stdio, XS::APItest::KeywordRPN

Updated Pragmata

base, bignum, charnames, constant, diagnostics, feature, less, lib, mro, overload, threads, threads::shared, version, warnings

Updated Modules

Archive::Extract, Archive::Tar, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Lint, CGI, Class::ISA, Compress::Raw::Zlib, CPAN, CPANPLUS, CPANPLUS::Dist::Build, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest, Digest::MD5, Digest::SHA, Encode, Exporter, ExtUtils::CBuilder, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::ParseXS, File::Fetch, File::Path, File::Temp, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, Getopt::Long, IO, IO::Zlib, IPC::Cmd, IPC::SysV, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::Simple, Log::Message, Log::Message::Simple, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::FastCalc, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Memoize, MIME::Base64, Module::Build, Module::CoreList, Module::Load, Module::Load::Conditional, Module::Loaded, Module::Pluggable, Net::Ping, NEXT, Object::Accessor, Package::Constants, PerlIO, Pod::Parser, Pod::Perldoc, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Simple, Safe, SelfLoader, Storable, Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::UI, Test, Test::Harness, Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Tie::RefHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::Piece, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32, Win32API::File, XSLoader

Removed Modules and Pragmata

attrs, CPAN::API::HOWTO, CPAN::DeferedCode, CPANPLUS::inc, DCLsym, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish, Stdio, Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Point, Test::Harness::Results, Test::Harness::Straps, Test::Harness::Util, XSSymSet

Deprecated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Selected Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Internal Changes
Testing
Testing improvements

Parallel tests, Test harness flexibility, Test watchdog

New Tests
New or Changed Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changed Diagnostics

Illegal character in prototype for %s : %s, Prototype after '%c' for %s : %s

Utility Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Changes
New Platforms

Haiku, MirOS BSD

Discontinued Platforms

Domain/OS, MiNT, Tenon MachTen

Updated Platforms

AIX, Cygwin, Darwin (Mac OS X), DragonFly BSD, FreeBSD, Irix, NetBSD, OpenVMS, Stratus VOS, Symbian, Windows

Known Problems
Errata
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5101delta - what is new for perl v5.10.1

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Switch statement changes

flip-flop operators, defined-or operator

Smart match changes
Other incompatible changes
Core Enhancements
Unicode Character Database 5.1.0
A proper interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders
The overloading pragma
Parallel tests
DTrace support
Support for configure_requires in CPAN module metadata
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata

autodie, Compress::Raw::Bzip2, parent, Parse::CPAN::Meta

Pragmata Changes

attributes, attrs, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, charnames, constant, feature, fields, lib, open, overload, overloading, version

Updated Modules

Archive::Extract, Archive::Tar, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Lint, B::Xref, Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Compress::Zlib, CPAN, CPANPLUS, CPANPLUS::Dist::Build, Cwd, Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, Digest::SHA, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, Errno, Exporter, ExtUtils::CBuilder, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::ParseXS, Fatal, File::Basename, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::Fetch, File::Find, File::Path, File::Spec, File::stat, File::Temp, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, Hash::Util::FieldHash, I18N::Collate, IO, IO::Compress::*, IO::Dir, IO::Handle, IO::Socket, IO::Zlib, IPC::Cmd, IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, lib, List::Util, Locale::MakeText, Log::Message, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::FastCalc, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Module::Build, Module::CoreList, Module::Load, Module::Load::Conditional, Module::Loaded, Module::Pluggable, NDBM_File, Net::Ping, NEXT, Object::Accessor, OS2::REXX, Package::Constants, PerlIO, PerlIO::via, Pod::Man, Pod::Parser, Pod::Simple, Pod::Text, POSIX, Safe, Scalar::Util, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::ReadLine, Term::UI, Test::Harness, Test::Simple, Text::ParseWords, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, threads, threads::shared, Tie::RefHash, Tie::StdHandle, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::Piece, Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD, UNIVERSAL, Win32, Win32API::File, XSLoader

Utility Changes

h2ph, h2xs, perl5db.pl, perlthanks

New Documentation

perlhaiku, perlmroapi, perlperf, perlrepository, perlthanks

Changes to Existing Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
ext/ reorganisation
Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements
Platform Specific Changes

AIX, Cygwin, FreeBSD, Irix, Haiku, MirOS BSD, NetBSD, Stratus VOS, Symbian, Win32, VMS

Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics

panic: sv_chop %s, Can't locate package %s for the parents of %s, v-string in use/require is non-portable, Deep recursion on subroutine "%s"

Changed Internals

SVf_UTF8, SVs_TEMP

New Tests

t/comp/retainedlines.t, t/io/perlio_fail.t, t/io/perlio_leaks.t, t/io/perlio_open.t, t/io/perlio.t, t/io/pvbm.t, t/mro/package_aliases.t, t/op/dbm.t, t/op/index_thr.t, t/op/pat_thr.t, t/op/qr_gc.t, t/op/reg_email_thr.t, t/op/regexp_qr_embed_thr.t, t/op/regexp_unicode_prop.t, t/op/regexp_unicode_prop_thr.t, t/op/reg_nc_tie.t, t/op/reg_posixcc.t, t/op/re.t, t/op/setpgrpstack.t, t/op/substr_thr.t, t/op/upgrade.t, t/uni/lex_utf8.t, t/uni/tie.t

Known Problems
Deprecations
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5100delta - what is new for perl 5.10.0

DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
The feature pragma
New -E command-line switch
Defined-or operator
Switch and Smart Match operator
Regular expressions

Recursive Patterns, Named Capture Buffers, Possessive Quantifiers, Backtracking control verbs, Relative backreferences, \K escape, Vertical and horizontal whitespace, and linebreak

say()
Lexical $_
The _ prototype
UNITCHECK blocks
New Pragma, mro
readdir() may return a "short filename" on Windows
readpipe() is now overridable
Default argument for readline()
state() variables
Stacked filetest operators
UNIVERSAL::DOES()
Formats
Byte-order modifiers for pack() and unpack()
no VERSION
chdir, chmod and chown on filehandles
OS groups
Recursive sort subs
Exceptions in constant folding
Source filters in @INC
New internal variables

${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}, ${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}, ${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}, ${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}

Miscellaneous
UCD 5.0.0
MAD
kill() on Windows
Incompatible Changes
Packing and UTF-8 strings
Byte/character count feature in unpack()
The $* and $# variables have been removed
substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
Parsing of -f _
:unique
Effect of pragmas in eval
chdir FOO
Handling of .pmc files
$^V is now a version object instead of a v-string
@- and @+ in patterns
$AUTOLOAD can now be tainted
Tainting and printf
undef and signal handlers
strictures and dereferencing in defined()
(?p{}) has been removed
Pseudo-hashes have been removed
Removal of the bytecode compiler and of perlcc
Removal of the JPL
Recursive inheritance detected earlier
warnings::enabled and warnings::warnif changed to favor users of modules
Modules and Pragmata
Upgrading individual core modules
Pragmata Changes

feature, mro, Scoping of the sort pragma, Scoping of bignum, bigint, bigrat, base, strict and warnings, version, warnings, less

New modules
Selected Changes to Core Modules

Attribute::Handlers, B::Lint, B, Thread

Utility Changes

perl -d, ptar, ptardiff, shasum, corelist, h2ph and h2xs, perlivp, find2perl, config_data, cpanp, cpan2dist, pod2html

New Documentation
Performance Enhancements
In-place sorting
Lexical array access
XS-assisted SWASHGET
Constant subroutines
PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
Weak references are cheaper
sort() enhancements
Memory optimisations
UTF-8 cache optimisation
Sloppy stat on Windows
Regular expressions optimisations

Engine de-recursivised, Single char char-classes treated as literals, Trie optimisation of literal string alternations, Aho-Corasick start-point optimisation

Installation and Configuration Improvements
Configuration improvements

-Dusesitecustomize, Relocatable installations, strlcat() and strlcpy(), d_pseudofork and d_printf_format_null, Configure help

Compilation improvements

Parallel build, Borland's compilers support, Static build on Windows, ppport.h files, C++ compatibility, Support for Microsoft 64-bit compiler, Visual C++, Win32 builds

Installation improvements

Module auxiliary files

New Or Improved Platforms
Selected Bug Fixes

strictures in regexp-eval blocks, Calling CORE::require(), Subscripts of slices, no warnings 'category' works correctly with -w, threads improvements, chr() and negative values, PERL5SHELL and tainting, Using *FILE{IO}, Overloading and reblessing, Overloading and UTF-8, eval memory leaks fixed, Random device on Windows, PERLIO_DEBUG, PerlIO::scalar and read-only scalars, study() and UTF-8, Critical signals, @INC-hook fix, -t switch fix, Duping UTF-8 filehandles, Localisation of hash elements

New or Changed Diagnostics

Use of uninitialized value, Deprecated use of my() in false conditional, !=~ should be !~, Newline in left-justified string, Too late for "-T" option, "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration, readdir()/closedir()/etc. attempted on invalid dirhandle, Opening dirhandle/filehandle %s also as a file/directory, Use of -P is deprecated, v-string in use/require is non-portable, perl -V

Changed Internals
Reordering of SVt_* constants
Elimination of SVt_PVBM
New type SVt_BIND
Removal of CPP symbols
Less space is used by ops
New parser
Use of const
Mathoms
AvFLAGS has been removed
av_* changes
$^H and %^H
B:: modules inheritance changed
Anonymous hash and array constructors
Known Problems
UTF-8 problems
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl589delta - what is new for perl v5.8.9

DESCRIPTION
Notice
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Unicode Character Database 5.1.0.
stat and -X on directory handles
Source filters in @INC
Exceptions in constant folding
no VERSION
Improved internal UTF-8 caching code
Runtime relocatable installations
New internal variables

${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}, ${^UTF8CACHE}

readpipe is now overridable
simple exception handling macros
-D option enhancements
XS-assisted SWASHGET
Constant subroutines
New Platforms
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules
Updated Modules
Utility Changes
debugger upgraded to version 1.31
perlthanks
perlbug
h2xs
h2ph
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Relocatable installations
Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements
Installation improvements.
Platform Specific Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Unicode
PerlIO
Magic
Reblessing overloaded objects now works
strict now propagates correctly into string evals
Other fixes
Platform Specific Fixes
Smaller fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
panic: sv_chop %s
Maximal count of pending signals (%s) exceeded
panic: attempt to call %s in %s
FETCHSIZE returned a negative value
Can't upgrade %s (%d) to %d
%s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or a subroutine
Cannot make the non-overridable builtin %s fatal
Unrecognized character '%s' in column %d
Offset outside string
Invalid escape in the specified encoding in regexp; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
Your machine doesn't support dump/undump.
Changed Internals
Macro cleanups
New Tests

ext/DynaLoader/t/DynaLoader.t, t/comp/fold.t, t/io/pvbm.t, t/lib/proxy_constant_subs.t, t/op/attrhand.t, t/op/dbm.t, t/op/inccode-tie.t, t/op/incfilter.t, t/op/kill0.t, t/op/qrstack.t, t/op/qr.t, t/op/regexp_qr_embed.t, t/op/regexp_qr.t, t/op/rxcode.t, t/op/studytied.t, t/op/substT.t, t/op/symbolcache.t, t/op/upgrade.t, t/mro/package_aliases.t, t/pod/twice.t, t/run/cloexec.t, t/uni/cache.t, t/uni/chr.t, t/uni/greek.t, t/uni/latin2.t, t/uni/overload.t, t/uni/tie.t

Known Problems
Platform Specific Notes
Win32
OS/2
VMS
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl588delta - what is new for perl v5.8.8

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
h2xs enhancements
perlivp enhancements
New Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
no warnings 'category' works correctly with -w
Remove over-optimisation
sprintf() fixes
Debugger and Unicode slowdown
Smaller fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Attempt to set length of freed array
Non-string passed as bitmask
Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search pattern
Changed Internals
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl587delta - what is new for perl v5.8.7

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
suidperl less insecure
Optional site customization script
Config.pm is now much smaller.
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
find2perl enhancements
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Known Problems
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl586delta - what is new for perl v5.8.6

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
Performance Enhancements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
New Tests
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
Perl's debugger
h2ph
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Known Problems
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Malloc wrapping
Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
suidperl less insecure
format
Modules and Pragmata
Updated modules

Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark, CGI, Carp, Cwd, Exporter, File::Find, IO, IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigRat, MIME::Base64, ODBM_File, POSIX, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32, base, open, threads, utf8

Performance Enhancements
Utility Changes
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Future Directions
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata

CGI, Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin, List::Util, Math::BigInt, PodParser, Pod::Perldoc, POSIX, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness, threads::shared

Utility Changes
New Documentation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Configuration and Building
Platform Specific Problems
Known Problems
Future Directions
Obituary
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Hash Randomisation
Threading
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules And Pragmata

Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet, MIME::Base64, Pod::Perldoc, strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, UNIVERSAL

Selected Bug Fixes
Changed Internals
Platform Specific Problems
Future Directions
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Hash Randomisation
UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
(Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
(Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
Core Enhancements
UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
Unsafe signals again available
Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
local ${$x}
Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
Deprecation Warnings
Miscellaneous Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules And Pragmata

base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes, CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping, PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc, Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More, Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath, Win32::GetOSVersion

Utility Changes
New Documentation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Platform-specific enhancements
Selected Bug Fixes
Closures, eval and lexicals
Generic fixes
Platform-specific fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
New "Missing control char name in \c"
New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
New "Pseudo-hashes are deprecated"
New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
New "5.005 threads are deprecated"
New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
New "Use of freed value in iteration"
Changed Internals
New Tests
Known Problems
Tied hashes in scalar context
Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
B::C
Platform Specific Problems
EBCDIC Platforms
Cygwin 1.5 problems
HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
Future Directions
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0

DESCRIPTION
Highlights In 5.8.0
Incompatible Changes
Binary Incompatibility
64-bit platforms and malloc
AIX Dynaloading
Attributes for my variables now handled at run-time
Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
New Unicode Semantics (no more use utf8, almost)
New Unicode Properties
REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
pack/unpack D/F recycled
glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
Deprecations
Core Enhancements
Unicode Overhaul
PerlIO is Now The Default
ithreads
Restricted Hashes
Safe Signals
Understanding of Numbers
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
Miscellaneous Changes
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
New Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Generic Improvements
New Or Improved Platforms
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
New Tests
Known Problems
The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
PDL failing some tests
Perl_get_sv
Self-tying Problems
ext/threads/t/libc
Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
Timing problems
Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
Platform Specific Problems
AIX
Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
AmigaOS
BeOS
Cygwin "unable to remap"
Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
DJGPP Failures
FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
Mac OS X
Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
OS/2 Test Failures
op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
SCO
Solaris 2.5
Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
UNICOS/mk
UTS
VOS (Stratus)
VMS
Win32
XML::Parser not working
z/OS (OS/390)
Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.1

DESCRIPTION
Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
Security Issues
Core bug fixes

UNIVERSAL::isa(), Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(), Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes, map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support, Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, no Module;, Tests

Core features
Configuration issues
Documentation
Bundled modules

B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN, Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser, Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash

Platform-specific improvements

NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX

Core Enhancements
Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
Lexically scoped warning categories
Unicode and UTF-8 support
Support for interpolating named characters
"our" declarations
Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
Improved Perl version numbering system
New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
File and directory handles can be autovivified
open() with more than two arguments
64-bit support
Large file support
Long doubles
"more bits"
Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
sort $coderef @foo allowed
File globbing implemented internally
Support for CHECK blocks
POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
Better pseudo-random number generator
Improved qw// operator
Better worst-case behavior of hashes
pack() format 'Z' supported
pack() format modifier '!' supported
pack() and unpack() support counted strings
Comments in pack() templates
Weak references
Binary numbers supported
Lvalue subroutines
Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
exists() is supported on subroutine names
exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
Pseudo-hashes work better
Automatic flushing of output buffers
Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
eof() has the same old magic as <>
binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
-T filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
Improved diagnostics
Diagnostics follow STDERR
More consistent close-on-exec behavior
syswrite() ease-of-use
Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
Bit operators support full native integer width
Improved security features
More functional bareword prototype (*)
require and do may be overridden
$^X variables may now have names longer than one character
New variable $^C reflects -c switch
New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
Optional Y2K warnings
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
@- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex submatches
Modules and Pragmata
Modules

attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters

Pragmata
Utility Changes
dprofpp
find2perl
h2xs
perlcc
perldoc
The Perl Debugger
Improved Documentation

perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod

Performance enhancements
Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
Optimized assignments to lexical variables
Faster subroutine calls
delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
Installation and Configuration Improvements
-Dusethreads means something different
New Configure flags
Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
Long Doubles
-Dusemorebits
-Duselargefiles
installusrbinperl
SOCKS support
-A flag
Enhanced Installation Directories
gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
Platform specific changes
Supported platforms
DOS
OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
VMS
Win32
Significant bug fixes
<HANDLE> on empty files
eval '...' improvements
All compilation errors are true errors
Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
Behavior of list slices is more consistent
(\$) prototype and $foo{a}
goto &sub and AUTOLOAD
-bareword allowed under use integer
Failures in DESTROY()
Locale bugs fixed
Memory leaks
Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
Taint failures under -U
END blocks and the -c switch
Potential to leak DATA filehandles
New or Changed Diagnostics

"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number

New tests
Incompatible Changes
Perl Source Incompatibilities

CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, undef fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and \(%h), vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic output has changed, %@ has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype (*) have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results

C Source Incompatibilities

PERL_POLLUTE, PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT, PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC

Compatible C Source API Changes

PATCHLEVEL is now PERL_VERSION

Binary Incompatibilities
Known Problems
Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
Known test failures
EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
Arrow operator and arrays
Experimental features

Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:

Obsolete Diagnostics

Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated

Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0

DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
Lexically scoped warning categories
Unicode and UTF-8 support
Support for interpolating named characters
"our" declarations
Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
Improved Perl version numbering system
New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
File and directory handles can be autovivified
open() with more than two arguments
64-bit support
Large file support
Long doubles
"more bits"
Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
sort $coderef @foo allowed
File globbing implemented internally
Support for CHECK blocks
POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
Better pseudo-random number generator
Improved qw// operator
Better worst-case behavior of hashes
pack() format 'Z' supported
pack() format modifier '!' supported
pack() and unpack() support counted strings
Comments in pack() templates
Weak references
Binary numbers supported
Lvalue subroutines
Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
exists() is supported on subroutine names
exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
Pseudo-hashes work better
Automatic flushing of output buffers
Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
eof() has the same old magic as <>
binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
-T filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
Improved diagnostics
Diagnostics follow STDERR
More consistent close-on-exec behavior
syswrite() ease-of-use
Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
Bit operators support full native integer width
Improved security features
More functional bareword prototype (*)
require and do may be overridden
$^X variables may now have names longer than one character
New variable $^C reflects -c switch
New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
Optional Y2K warnings
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
@- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex matches
Modules and Pragmata
Modules

attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters

Pragmata
Utility Changes
dprofpp
find2perl
h2xs
perlcc
perldoc
The Perl Debugger
Improved Documentation

perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod

Performance enhancements
Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
Optimized assignments to lexical variables
Faster subroutine calls
delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
Installation and Configuration Improvements
-Dusethreads means something different
New Configure flags
Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
Long Doubles
-Dusemorebits
-Duselargefiles
installusrbinperl
SOCKS support
-A flag
Enhanced Installation Directories
Platform specific changes
Supported platforms
DOS
OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
VMS
Win32
Significant bug fixes
<HANDLE> on empty files
eval '...' improvements
All compilation errors are true errors
Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
Behavior of list slices is more consistent
(\$) prototype and $foo{a}
goto &sub and AUTOLOAD
-bareword allowed under use integer
Failures in DESTROY()
Locale bugs fixed
Memory leaks
Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
Taint failures under -U
END blocks and the -c switch
Potential to leak DATA filehandles
New or Changed Diagnostics

"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number

New tests
Incompatible Changes
Perl Source Incompatibilities

CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, undef fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and \(%h), vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic output has changed, %@ has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype (*) have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results

C Source Incompatibilities

PERL_POLLUTE, PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT, PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC

Compatible C Source API Changes

PATCHLEVEL is now PERL_VERSION

Binary Incompatibilities
Known Problems
Thread test failures
EBCDIC platforms not supported
In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with gcc
UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
Arrow operator and arrays
Experimental features

Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:

Obsolete Diagnostics

Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated

Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005

DESCRIPTION
About the new versioning system
Incompatible Changes
WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
Default installation structure has changed
Perl Source Compatibility
C Source Compatibility
Binary Compatibility
Security fixes may affect compatibility
Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
Licensing
Core Changes
Threads
Compiler
Regular Expressions

Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other improvements, Incompatible changes

Improved malloc()
Quicksort is internally implemented
Reliable signals
Reliable stack pointers
More generous treatment of carriage returns
Memory leaks
Better support for multiple interpreters
Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
%! is transparently tied to the Errno module
Pseudo-hashes are supported
EXPR foreach EXPR is supported
Keywords can be globally overridden
$^E is meaningful on Win32
foreach (1..1000000) optimized
Foo:: can be used as implicitly quoted package name
exists $Foo::{Bar::} tests existence of a package
Better locale support
Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
prototype() returns useful results on builtins
Extended support for exception handling
Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
All printf format conversions are handled internally
New INIT keyword
New lock keyword
New qr// operator
our is now a reserved word
Tied arrays are now fully supported
Tied handles support is better
4th argument to substr
Negative LENGTH argument to splice
Magic lvalues are now more magical
<> now reads in records
Supported Platforms
New Platforms
Changes in existing support
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules

B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Thread, attrs, fields, re

Changes in existing modules

Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File, MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd

Utility Changes
Documentation Changes
New Diagnostics

Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element, Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s: Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed

Obsolete Diagnostics

Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for -e: %s, Cannot open temporary file, regexp too big

Configuration Changes
BUGS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004

DESCRIPTION
Supported Environments
Core Changes
List assignment to %ENV works
Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
$PERL5OPT environment variable
Limitations on -M, -m, and -T options
More precise warnings
Deprecated: Inherited AUTOLOAD for non-methods
Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
Group vector changeable with $)
Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
No resetting of $. on implicit close
wantarray may return undef
eval EXPR determines value of EXPR in scalar context
Changes to tainting checks

No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name

New Opcode module and revised Safe module
Embedding improvements
Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
New and changed syntax

$coderef->(PARAMS)

New and changed builtin constants

__PACKAGE__

New and changed builtin variables

$^E, $^H, $^M

New and changed builtin functions

delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, m//gc does not reset search position on failure, m//x ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, nested sub{} closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals

New builtin methods

isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )

TIEHANDLE now supported

TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this

Malloc enhancements

-DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE

Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
Support for More Operating Systems
Win32
Plan 9
QNX
AmigaOS
Pragmata

use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish

Modules
Required Updates
Installation directories
Module information summary
Fcntl
IO
Math::Complex
Math::Trig
DB_File
Net::Ping
Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
Utility Changes
pod2html

Sends converted HTML to standard output

xsubpp

void XSUBs now default to returning nothing

C Language API Changes

gv_fetchmethod and perl_call_sv, perl_eval_pv, Extended API for manipulating hashes

Documentation Changes

perldelta, perlfaq, perllocale, perltoot, perlapio, perlmodlib, perldebug, perlsec

New Diagnostics

"my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number, internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "-T" option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(), Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared, Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too long, Process terminated by SIG%s

BUGS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perlexperiment - A listing of experimental features in Perl

DESCRIPTION
Current experiments

fork() emulation, Weak references, Internal file glob, 64-bit support, die accepts a reference, Unicode support, -Dusemultiplicity -Dusethreads, Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris, GetOpt::Long Options can now take multiple values at once (experimental), 5.005-style threading, Test::Harness::Straps, perlcc, our can now have an experimental optional attribute unique, Assertions, Linux abstract Unix domain sockets, Pod::HTML2Pod, Pod::PXML, threads, The <:pop> IO pseudolayer, The <:win32> IO pseudolayer, MLDBM, internal functions with M flag, lex_start API, internal API for %H, av_create_and_push, av_create_and_unshift_one, av_create_and_unshift_one, PL_keyword_plugin, hv_iternext_flags, lex_bufutf8, lex_discard_to, lex_grow_linestr, lex_next_chunk, lex_peek_unichar, lex_read_space, lex_read_to, lex_read_unichar, lex_stuff_pv, lex_stuff_pvn, lex_stuff_pvs, lex_stuff_sv, lex_unstuff, parse_fullstmt, parse_stmtseq, PL_parser->bufend, PL_parser->bufptr, PL_parser->linestart, PL_parser->linestr, Perl_signbit, pad_findmy, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, utf8_to_bytes, DB module, The pseudo-hash data type, Lvalue subroutines, There is an installhtml target in the Makefile, Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC, (?{code}), (??{ code }), Backtracking control verbs, Code expressions, conditional expressions, and independent expressions in regexes, The \N regex character class, gv_try_downgrade, Experimental Support for Sun Studio Compilers for Linux OS, Pluggable keywords

Accepted features

(none yet identified)

Removed features

legacy

AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
LICENSE

perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The "Artistic License"
Preamble
Definitions

"Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You", "Reasonable copying fee", "Freely Available"

Conditions

a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)

perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 1

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

perlaix - Perl version 5 on IBM AIX (UNIX) systems

DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
Supported Compilers
Incompatibility with AIX Toolbox lib gdbm
Perl 5 was successfully compiled and tested on:
Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
Using Large Files with Perl
Threaded Perl
64-bit Perl
Compiling Perl 5 on older AIX versions up to 4.3.3
OS level
Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX < 5L
The IBM ANSI C Compiler
The usenm option
Using GNU's gcc for building Perl
Using Large Files with Perl < 5L
Threaded Perl < 5L
64-bit Perl < 5L
AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
AUTHORS

perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS

NOTE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS

Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library, Version of Amiga OS

Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
INSTALLATION
Accessing documentation
Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
Making Perl on AmigaOS
Testing Perl on AmigaOS
Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

perlbeos - Perl version 5.8+ on BeOS

DESCRIPTION
BUILD AND INSTALL
Requirements
Configure
Build
Install
KNOWN PROBLEMS
CONTACT

perlbs2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
gzip on BS2000
bison on BS2000
Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
Compiling Perl on BS2000
Testing Perl on BS2000
Installing Perl on BS2000
Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
Using Perl in "native" BS2000
Floating point anomalies on BS2000
Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
Mailing list
HISTORY

perlce - Perl for WinCE

Building Perl for WinCE
DESCRIPTION
General explanations on cross-compiling WinCE
BUILD

Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer Keuchel's celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources, go to ./win32 subdirectory, edit file ./win32/ce-helpers/compile.bat, run compile.bat, run compile.bat dist

Using Perl on WinCE
DESCRIPTION
LIMITATIONS
ENVIRONMENT

PERL5LIB, PATH, TMP, UNIXROOTPATH, ROWS/COLS, HOME, CONSOLEFONTSIZE

REGISTRY
XS
BUGS
INSTALLATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
History of WinCE port
AUTHORS

Rainer Keuchel <coyxc@rainer-keuchel.de>, Vadim Konovalov

perlcygwin - Perl for Cygwin

SYNOPSIS
PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
Cygwin Configuration

PATH, nroff

CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin

-lcrypt, -lgdbm_compat (use GDBM_File), -ldb (use DB_File), cygserver (use IPC::SysV), -lutil

Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin

-Uusedl, -Dusemymalloc, -Uuseperlio, -Dusemultiplicity, -Uuse64bitint, -Duselongdouble, -Uuseithreads, -Duselargefiles, -Dmksymlinks

Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin

Win9x and d_eofnblk, Compiler/Preprocessor defines

MAKE ON CYGWIN
TEST ON CYGWIN
File Permissions on Cygwin
NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
fork() failures in io_* tests
Specific features of the Cygwin port
Script Portability on Cygwin

Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, .exe, Cygwin vs. Windows process ids, Cygwin vs. Windows errors, rebase errors on fork or system, chown(), Miscellaneous

Prebuilt methods:

Cwd::cwd, Cygwin::pid_to_winpid, Cygwin::winpid_to_pid, Cygwin::win_to_posix_path, Cygwin::posix_to_win_path, Cygwin::mount_table(), Cygwin::mount_flags, Cygwin::is_binmount, Cygwin::sync_winenv

INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
MANIFEST ON CYGWIN

Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts, Perl Module Tests

BUGS ON CYGWIN
AUTHORS
HISTORY

perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
Threaded Perl on DG/UX
Testing Perl on DG/UX
Installing the built perl on DG/UX
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS

DJGPP, Pthreads

Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
Building Perl on DOS
Testing Perl on DOS
Installation of Perl on DOS
BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
Building XS Modules on DOS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlepoc - Perl for EPOC

SYNOPSIS
INTRODUCTION
INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
STARTING PERL ON EPOC
Features of Perl on Epoc
Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
AUTHOR
LAST UPDATE

perlfreebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems

DESCRIPTION
FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
$^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
AUTHOR

perlhaiku - Perl version 5.10+ on Haiku

DESCRIPTION
BUILD AND INSTALL
KNOWN PROBLEMS
CONTACT

perlhpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix (HP-UX) systems

DESCRIPTION
Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
Using perl from HP's porting centre
Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
PA-RISC
Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
PA-RISC 1.0
PA-RISC 1.1
PA-RISC 2.0
Itanium Processor Family (IPF) and HP-UX
Itanium, Itanium 2 & Madison 6
HP-UX versions
Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
The HP ANSI C Compiler
The GNU C Compiler
Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
Threaded Perl on HP-UX
64-bit Perl on HP-UX
Oracle on HP-UX
GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
error: pasting ")" and "l" does not give a valid preprocessing token
Miscellaneous
AUTHOR

perlhurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd

DESCRIPTION
Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
AUTHOR

perlirix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems

DESCRIPTION
Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
About Compiler Versions of Irix
Linker Problems in Irix
Malloc in Irix
Building with threads in Irix
Irix 5.3
AUTHOR

perllinux - Perl version 5 on Linux systems

DESCRIPTION
Experimental Support for Sun Studio Compilers for Linux OS
AUTHOR

perlmacos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

perlmacosx - Perl under Mac OS X

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Installation Prefix
SDK support
Universal Binary support
64-bit PPC support
libperl and Prebinding
Updating Apple's Perl
Known problems
Cocoa
Starting From Scratch
AUTHOR
DATE

perlmpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE

SYNOPSIS
NOTE
What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
Welcome to Perl/iX
System Requirements for Perl/iX
How to Obtain Perl/iX
Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights

README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/, public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe

How to Compile Perl/iX
4,  6
Getting Started with Perl/iX
MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
Perl/iX To-Do List
Perl/iX Change History
AUTHOR

perlnetware - Perl for NetWare

DESCRIPTION
BUILD
Tools & SDK
Setup

SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat

Make
Interpreter
Extensions
INSTALL
BUILD NEW EXTENSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHORS
DATE

perlopenbsd - Perl version 5 on OpenBSD systems

DESCRIPTION
OpenBSD core dumps from getprotobyname_r and getservbyname_r with ithreads
AUTHOR

perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Target
Other OSes
Prerequisites

EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh

Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
Frequently asked questions
"It does not work"
I cannot run external programs
I cannot embed perl into my program, or use perl.dll from my program.

Is your program EMX-compiled with -Zmt -Zcrtdll?, Did you use ExtUtils::Embed?

`` and pipe-open do not work under DOS.
Cannot start find.exe "pattern" file
INSTALLATION
Automatic binary installation

PERL_BADLANG, PERL_BADFREE, Config.pm

Manual binary installation

Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library, Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, Perl manual in .INF format, Pdksh

Warning
Accessing documentation
OS/2 .INF file
Plain text
Manpages
HTML
GNU info files
PDF files
LaTeX docs
BUILD
The short story
Prerequisites
Getting perl source
Application of the patches
Hand-editing
Making
Testing

A lot of bad free, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, op/fs.t, op/stat.t

Installing the built perl
a.out-style build
Building a binary distribution
Building custom .EXE files
Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded extensions
Making executables with a custom search-paths
Build FAQ
Some / became \ in pdksh.
'errno' - unresolved external
Problems with tr or sed
Some problem (forget which ;-)
Library ... not found
Segfault in make
op/sprintf test failure
Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
setpriority, getpriority
system()
extproc on the first line
Additional modules:
Prebuilt methods:

File::Copy::syscopy, DynaLoader::mod2fname, Cwd::current_drive(), Cwd::sys_chdir(name), Cwd::change_drive(name), Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name), Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name), Cwd::sys_is_relative(name), Cwd::sys_cwd(name), Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir), Cwd::extLibpath([type]), Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] ), OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception), OS2::Errors2Drive(drive), OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), OS2::MorphPM(serve), OS2::UnMorphPM(serve), OS2::Serve_Messages(force), OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt]), OS2::_control87(new,mask), OS2::get_control87(), OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM), OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])

Prebuilt variables:

$OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork, $OS2::nsyserror

Misfeatures
Modifications

popen, tmpnam, tmpfile, ctermid, stat, mkdir, rmdir, flock

Identifying DLLs
Centralized management of resources

HAB, HMQ, Treating errors reported by OS/2 API, CheckOSError(expr), CheckWinError(expr), SaveWinError(expr), SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2), WinError_2_Perl_rc, FillWinError, FillOSError(rc), Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs

Perl flavors
perl.exe
perl_.exe
perl__.exe
perl___.exe
Why strange names?
Why dynamic linking?
Why chimera build?
ENVIRONMENT
PERLLIB_PREFIX
PERL_BADLANG
PERL_BADFREE
PERL_SH_DIR
USE_PERL_FLOCK
TMP or TEMP
Evolution
Text-mode filehandles
Priorities
DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond

Global DLLs, specific DLLs, BEGINLIBPATH and ENDLIBPATH, . from LIBPATH

DLL forwarder generation
Threading
Calls to external programs
Memory allocation
Threads

COND_WAIT, os2.c

BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlos390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390 and z/OS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tools
Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
Configure Perl on OS/390
Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
HISTORY

perlos400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400

DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
Known Problems
Perl on ILE
AUTHORS

perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl

DESCRIPTION
Invoking Perl
What's in Plan 9 Perl
What's not in Plan 9 Perl
Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
Signals in Plan 9 Perl
COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
BUGS
Revision date
AUTHOR

perlqnx - Perl version 5 on QNX

DESCRIPTION
Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4

/bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make

Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
QNX auxiliary files

qnx/ar, qnx/cpp

Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
AUTHOR

perlriscos - Perl version 5 for RISC OS

DESCRIPTION
BUILD
AUTHOR

perlsolaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems

DESCRIPTION
Solaris Version Numbers.
RESOURCES

Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation

SETTING UP
File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
RUN CONFIGURE.
64-bit perl on Solaris.
Threads in perl on Solaris.
Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
MAKE PROBLEMS.

Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found

MAKE TEST
op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
BSD::Resource on Solaris
Net::SSLeay on Solaris
SunOS 4.x
AUTHOR

perlsymbian - Perl version 5 on Symbian OS

DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl on Symbian
Compilation problems
PerlApp
sisify.pl
Using Perl in Symbian
TO DO
WARNING
NOTE
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENSE
HISTORY

perltru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems

DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
Threaded Perl on Tru64
Long Doubles on Tru64
DB_File tests failing on Tru64
64-bit Perl on Tru64
Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
Testing Perl on Tru64
ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
AUTHOR

perluts - Perl under UTS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUILDING PERL ON UTS
Installing the built perl on UTS
AUTHOR

perlvmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
Configure Perl on VM/ESA
Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA

perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl

DESCRIPTION
Installation
Organization of Perl Images
Core Images
Perl Extensions
Installing static extensions
Installing dynamic extensions
File specifications
Syntax
Filename Case
Wildcard expansion
Pipes
PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
The Perl Forked Debugger
PERL_VMS_EXCEPTION_DEBUG
Command line
I/O redirection and backgrounding
Command line switches

-i, -S, -u

Perl functions

File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, die, dump, exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS

Perl variables

%ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|

Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
SDBM_File
Revision date
AUTHOR

perlvos - Perl for Stratus VOS

SYNOPSIS
BUILDING PERL FOR VOS
INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
USING PERL IN VOS
Restrictions of Perl on VOS
Handling of underflow and overflow
TEST STATUS
SUPPORT STATUS
AUTHOR
LAST UPDATE

perlwin32 - Perl under Windows

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

http://mingw.org, http://mingw-w64.sf.net

Setting Up Perl on Windows

Make, Command Shell, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Visual C++ 2008/2010 Express Edition, Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Express Edition, Microsoft Visual C++ Toolkit 2003, Microsoft Platform SDK 64-bit Compiler, MinGW release 3 with gcc

Building
Testing Perl on Windows
Installation of Perl on Windows
Usage Hints for Perl on Windows

Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line, Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Notes on 64-bit Windows

Running Perl Scripts
Miscellaneous Things
BUGS AND CAVEATS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHORS

Gary Ng <71564.1743@CompuServe.COM>, Gurusamy Sarathy <gsar@activestate.com>, Nick Ing-Simmons <nick@ing-simmons.net>, Jan Dubois <jand@activestate.com>, Steve Hay <steve.m.hay@googlemail.com>

SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perlboot - This document has been deleted

DESCRIPTION

perlbot - This document has been deleted

DESCRIPTION

perltodo - Perl TO-DO List

DESCRIPTION

perltooc - This document has been deleted

DESCRIPTION

perltoot - This document has been deleted

DESCRIPTION

PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION

arybase - Set indexing base via $[

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
BUGS
SEE ALSO

attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
What import does
Built-in Attributes

lvalue, method, locked

Available Subroutines

get, reftype

Package-specific Attribute Handling

FETCH_type_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_type_ATTRIBUTES

Syntax of Attribute Lists
EXPORTS
Default exports
Available exports
Export tags defined
EXAMPLES
MORE EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO

autodie - Replace functions with ones that succeed or die with lexical scope

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXCEPTIONS
CATEGORIES
FUNCTION SPECIFIC NOTES
flock
system/exec
GOTCHAS
DIAGNOSTICS

:void cannot be used with lexical scope, No user hints defined for %s

BUGS
autodie and string eval
REPORTING BUGS
FEEDBACK
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

autodie::exception - Exceptions from autodying functions.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Common Methods
Advanced methods
SEE ALSO
LICENSE
AUTHOR

autodie::exception::system - Exceptions from autodying system().

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
stringify
LICENSE
AUTHOR

autodie::hints - Provide hints about user subroutines to autodie

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Introduction
What are hints?
Example hints
Manually setting hints from within your program
Adding hints to your module
Insisting on hints
Diagnostics

Attempts to set_hints_for unidentifiable subroutine, fail hints cannot be provided with either scalar or list hints for %s, %s hint missing for %s

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
WARNING
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

base - Establish an ISA relationship with base classes at compile time

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS

Base class package "%s" is empty, Class 'Foo' tried to inherit from itself

HISTORY
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO

bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
use integer vs. use bigint
Options

a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, hex, oct, l, lib, try or only, v or version

Math Library
Internal Format
Sign
Methods

inf(), NaN(), e, PI, bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()

MATH LIBRARY
Caveat
CAVEATS

in_effect(), hex()/oct()

MODULES USED
EXAMPLES
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Options

a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, hex, oct, v or version

Methods
Caveats

inf(), NaN(), e, PI(), bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()

Math Library
INTERNAL FORMAT
SIGN
CAVEATS

in_effect(), hex()/oct()

MODULES USED
EXAMPLES
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Modules Used
Math Library
Sign
Methods

inf(), NaN(), e, PI, bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()

MATH LIBRARY
Caveat
Options

a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, hex, oct, v or version

CAVEATS

in_effect(), hex()/oct()

EXAMPLES
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR

bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character semantics

NOTICE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO

charnames - access to Unicode character names and named character sequences; also define character names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LOOSE MATCHES
ALIASES
CUSTOM ALIASES
charnames::string_vianame(name)
charnames::vianame(name)
charnames::viacode(code)
CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
BUGS

constant - Perl pragma to declare constants

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
List constants
Defining multiple constants at once
Magic constants
TECHNICAL NOTES
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
BUGS
AUTHORS

deprecate - Perl pragma for deprecating the core version of a module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The diagnostics Pragma
The splain Program
EXAMPLES
INTERNALS
BUGS
AUTHOR

encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
Literal Conversions
PerlIO layers for STD(IN|OUT)
Implicit upgrading for byte strings
Side effects
FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1

"NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle

USAGE

use encoding [ENCNAME] ;, use encoding ENCNAME [ STDIN => ENCNAME_IN ...] ;, use encoding ENCNAME Filter=>1;, no encoding;

The Filter Option
CAVEATS
NOT SCOPED
DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
tr/// with ranges

Legend of characters above

EXAMPLE - Greekperl
KNOWN PROBLEMS

literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format, Thread safety

The Logic of :locale
HISTORY
SEE ALSO

encoding::warnings - Warn on implicit encoding conversions

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overview of the problem
Detecting the problem
Solving the problem

Upgrade both sides to unicode-strings, Downgrade both sides to byte-strings, Specify the encoding for implicit byte-string upgrading, PerlIO layers for STDIN and STDOUT, Literal conversions, Implicit upgrading for byte-strings

CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

feature - Perl pragma to enable new features

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Lexical effect
no feature
AVAILABLE FEATURES
The 'say' feature
The 'state' feature
The 'switch' feature
The 'unicode_strings' feature
The 'unicode_eval' and 'evalbytes' features
The 'current_sub' feature
The 'array_base' feature
The 'fc' feature
FEATURE BUNDLES
IMPLICIT LOADING

fields - compile-time class fields

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

new, phash

SEE ALSO

filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Consider this carefully
The "access" sub-pragma
Limitation with regard to _

if - use a Perl module if a condition holds

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR

inc::latest - use modules bundled in inc/ if they are newer than installed ones

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Special notes on bundling
USAGE
Author-mode

loaded_modules(), write(), bundle_module()

As bundled in inc/
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating point

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

less - perl pragma to request less of something

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FOR MODULE AUTHORS
BOOLEAN = less->of( FEATURE )
FEATURES = less->of()
CAVEATS

This probably does nothing, This works only on 5.10+

lib - manipulate @INC at compile time

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Adding directories to @INC
Deleting directories from @INC
Restoring original @INC
CAVEATS
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

locale - Perl pragma to use or avoid POSIX locales for built-in operations

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

mro - Method Resolution Order

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
The C3 MRO
What is C3?
How does C3 work
Functions
mro::get_linear_isa($classname[, $type])
mro::set_mro ($classname, $type)
mro::get_mro($classname)
mro::get_isarev($classname)
mro::is_universal($classname)
mro::invalidate_all_method_caches()
mro::method_changed_in($classname)
mro::get_pkg_gen($classname)
next::method
next::can
maybe::next::method
SEE ALSO
The original Dylan paper

http://www.webcom.com/haahr/dylan/linearization-oopsla96.html

Pugs
Parrot

http://use.perl.org/~autrijus/journal/25768

http://www.python.org/2.3/mro.html, http://www.python.org/2.2.2/descrintro.html#mro

Class::C3

Class::C3

AUTHOR

open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
SEE ALSO

ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

overload - Package for overloading Perl operations

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Fundamentals
Overloadable Operations

not, neg, ++, --, Assignments, Non-mutators with a mutator variant, int, String, numeric, boolean, and regexp conversions, Iteration, File tests, Matching, Dereferencing, Special

Magic Autogeneration
Special Keys for use overload

defined, but FALSE, undef, TRUE

How Perl Chooses an Operator Implementation
Losing Overloading
Inheritance and Overloading

Method names in the use overload directive, Overloading of an operation is inherited by derived classes

Run-time Overloading
Public Functions

overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)

Overloading Constants

integer, float, binary, q, qr

IMPLEMENTATION
COOKBOOK
Two-face Scalars
Two-face References
Symbolic Calculator
Really Symbolic Calculator
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
DIAGNOSTICS

Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, '%s' is not an overloadable type, '%s' is not a code reference, overload arg '%s' is invalid

BUGS AND PITFALLS

overloading - perl pragma to lexically control overloading

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

no overloading, no overloading @ops, use overloading, use overloading @ops

parent - Establish an ISA relationship with base classes at compile time

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS

Class 'Foo' tried to inherit from itself

HISTORY
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS
MAINTAINER
LICENSE

re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
'taint' mode
'eval' mode
'/flags' mode
'debug' mode
'Debug' mode

Compile related options, COMPILE, PARSE, OPTIMISE, TRIEC, DUMP, Execute related options, EXECUTE, MATCH, TRIEE, INTUIT, Extra debugging options, EXTRA, BUFFERS, TRIEM, STATE, STACK, OPTIMISEM, OFFSETS, OFFSETSDBG, Other useful flags, ALL, All, MORE, More

Exportable Functions

is_regexp($ref), regexp_pattern($ref), regmust($ref), regname($name,$all), regnames($all), regnames_count()

SEE ALSO

sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
SIGNAL HANDLERS

stack-trace, die, handler your-handler

SIGNAL LISTS

normal-signals, error-signals, old-interface-signals

OTHER

untrapped, any, signal, number

EXAMPLES

sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS

strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

strict refs, strict vars, strict subs

HISTORY

subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

threads - Perl interpreter-based threads

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$thr = threads->create(FUNCTION, ARGS), $thr->join(), $thr->detach(), threads->detach(), threads->self(), $thr->tid(), threads->tid(), "$thr", threads->object($tid), threads->yield(), threads->list(), threads->list(threads::all), threads->list(threads::running), threads->list(threads::joinable), $thr1->equal($thr2), async BLOCK;, $thr->error(), $thr->_handle(), threads->_handle()

EXITING A THREAD

threads->exit(), threads->exit(status), die(), exit(status), use threads 'exit' => 'threads_only', threads->create({'exit' => 'thread_only'}, ...), $thr->set_thread_exit_only(boolean), threads->set_thread_exit_only(boolean)

THREAD STATE

$thr->is_running(), $thr->is_joinable(), $thr->is_detached(), threads->is_detached()

THREAD CONTEXT
Explicit context
Implicit context
$thr->wantarray()
threads->wantarray()
THREAD STACK SIZE

threads->get_stack_size();, $size = $thr->get_stack_size();, $old_size = threads->set_stack_size($new_size);, use threads ('stack_size' => VALUE);, $ENV{'PERL5_ITHREADS_STACK_SIZE'}, threads->create({'stack_size' => VALUE}, FUNCTION, ARGS), $thr2 = $thr1->create(FUNCTION, ARGS)

THREAD SIGNALLING

$thr->kill('SIG...');

WARNINGS

Perl exited with active threads:, Thread creation failed: pthread_create returned #, Thread # terminated abnormally: .., Using minimum thread stack size of #, Thread creation failed: pthread_attr_setstacksize(SIZE) returned 22

ERRORS

This Perl not built to support threads, Cannot change stack size of an existing thread, Cannot signal threads without safe signals, Unrecognized signal name: ..

BUGS AND LIMITATIONS

Thread-safe modules, Using non-thread-safe modules, Memory consumption, Current working directory, Environment variables, Catching signals, Parent-child threads, Creating threads inside special blocks, Unsafe signals, Perl has been built with PERL_OLD_SIGNALS (see perl -V), The environment variable PERL_SIGNALS is set to unsafe (see "PERL_SIGNALS" in perlrun), The module Perl::Unsafe::Signals is used, Returning closures from threads, Returning objects from threads, END blocks in threads, Open directory handles, Perl Bugs and the CPAN Version of threads

REQUIREMENTS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data structures between threads

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
FUNCTIONS

share VARIABLE, shared_clone REF, is_shared VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR, LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR, ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE

OBJECTS
NOTES
BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE

utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Utility functions

$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string), $success = utf8::downgrade($string[, FAIL_OK]), utf8::encode($string), $success = utf8::decode($string), $flag = utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag = utf8::valid(STRING)

BUGS
SEE ALSO

vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

version - Perl extension for Version Objects

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TYPES OF VERSION OBJECTS

Decimal Versions, Dotted Decimal Versions

DECLARING VERSIONS
How to convert a module from decimal to dotted-decimal
How to declare() a dotted-decimal version
PARSING AND COMPARING VERSIONS
How to parse() a version

is_lax(), is_strict()

How to compare version objects
OBJECT METHODS
is_alpha()
is_qv()
normal()
numify()
stringify()
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
qv()
is_lax()
is_strict()
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

version::Internals - Perl extension for Version Objects

DESCRIPTION
WHAT IS A VERSION?

Decimal Versions, Dotted-Decimal Versions

Decimal Versions
Dotted-Decimal Versions
Alpha Versions
Regular Expressions for Version Parsing

$version::LAX, $version::STRICT, v1.234.5

IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
Equivalence between Decimal and Dotted-Decimal Versions
Quoting Rules
What about v-strings?
Version Object Internals

original, qv, alpha, version

Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
USAGE DETAILS
Using modules that use version.pm

Decimal versions always work, Dotted-Decimal version work sometimes

Object Methods

new(), qv(), Normal Form, Numification, Stringification, Comparison operators, Logical Operators

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

vmsish status, vmsish exit, vmsish time, vmsish hushed

warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), warnings::enabled($object), warnings::fatal_enabled(), warnings::fatal_enabled($category), warnings::fatal_enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), warnings::warnif($object, $message), warnings::register_categories(@names)

warnings::register - warnings import function

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

MODULE DOCUMENTATION

AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DBM Comparisons

[0], [1], [2], [3]

SEE ALSO

App::Cpan - easily interact with CPAN from the command line

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Options

-a, -A module [ module ... ], -c module, -C module [ module ... ], -D module [ module ... ], -f, -F, -g module [ module ... ], -G module [ module ... ], -h, -i, -j Config.pm, -J, -l, -L author [ author ... ], -m, -O, -t, -r, -u, -v

Examples
Methods

run()

EXIT VALUES
TO DO
BUGS
SEE ALSO
SOURCE AVAILABILITY
CREDITS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

App::Prove - Implements the prove command.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
Attributes

archive, argv, backwards, blib, color, directives, dry, exec, extensions, failures, comments, formatter, harness, ignore_exit, includes, jobs, lib, merge, modules, parse, plugins, quiet, really_quiet, recurse, rules, show_count, show_help, show_man, show_version, shuffle, state, state_class, taint_fail, taint_warn, test_args, timer, verbose, warnings_fail, warnings_warn, tapversion, trap

PLUGINS
Sample Plugin
SEE ALSO

App::Prove::State - State storage for the prove command.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods

store, extensions (optional), result_class (optional)

result_class
extensions
results
commit
Instance Methods

last, failed, passed, all, hot, todo, slow, fast, new, old, save

App::Prove::State::Result - Individual test suite results.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
state_version
test_class

App::Prove::State::Result::Test - Individual test results.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods

Archive::Extract - A generic archive extracting mechanism

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
$ae = Archive::Extract->new(archive => '/path/to/archive',[type => TYPE])

tar, tgz, gz, Z, zip, bz2, tbz, lzma, xz, txz

$ae->extract( [to => '/output/path'] )

$ae->extract_path, $ae->files

ACCESSORS
$ae->error([BOOL])
$ae->extract_path
$ae->files
$ae->archive
$ae->type
$ae->types
$ae->is_tgz
$ae->is_tar
$ae->is_gz
$ae->is_Z
$ae->is_zip
$ae->is_lzma
$ae->is_xz
$ae->bin_tar
$ae->bin_gzip
$ae->bin_unzip
$ae->bin_unlzma
$ae->bin_unxz
$bool = $ae->have_old_bunzip2
debug( MESSAGE )
HOW IT WORKS
CAVEATS
File Extensions
Supporting Very Large Files
Bunzip2 support of arbitrary extensions.
GLOBAL VARIABLES
$Archive::Extract::DEBUG
$Archive::Extract::WARN
$Archive::Extract::PREFER_BIN
TODO / CAVEATS

Mime magic support, Thread safety

BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Archive::Tar - module for manipulations of tar archives

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Object Methods
Archive::Tar->new( [$file, $compressed] )
$tar->read ( $filename|$handle, [$compressed, {opt => 'val'}] )

limit, filter, md5, extract

$tar->contains_file( $filename )
$tar->extract( [@filenames] )
$tar->extract_file( $file, [$extract_path] )
$tar->list_files( [\@properties] )
$tar->get_files( [@filenames] )
$tar->get_content( $file )
$tar->replace_content( $file, $content )
$tar->rename( $file, $new_name )
$tar->chmod( $file, $mode )
$tar->chown( $file, $uname [, $gname] )
$tar->remove (@filenamelist)
$tar->clear
$tar->write ( [$file, $compressed, $prefix] )
$tar->add_files( @filenamelist )
$tar->add_data ( $filename, $data, [$opthashref] )

FILE, HARDLINK, SYMLINK, CHARDEV, BLOCKDEV, DIR, FIFO, SOCKET

$tar->error( [$BOOL] )
$tar->setcwd( $cwd );
Class Methods
Archive::Tar->create_archive($file, $compressed, @filelist)
Archive::Tar->iter( $filename, [ $compressed, {opt => $val} ] )
Archive::Tar->list_archive($file, $compressed, [\@properties])
Archive::Tar->extract_archive($file, $compressed)
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_io_string
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_perlio
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_zlib_support
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_bzip2_support
Archive::Tar->can_handle_compressed_files
GLOBAL VARIABLES
$Archive::Tar::CHOWN
$Archive::Tar::CHMOD
$Archive::Tar::SAME_PERMISSIONS
$Archive::Tar::DO_NOT_USE_PREFIX
$Archive::Tar::DEBUG
$Archive::Tar::WARN
$Archive::Tar::error
$Archive::Tar::INSECURE_EXTRACT_MODE
$Archive::Tar::HAS_PERLIO
$Archive::Tar::HAS_IO_STRING
$Archive::Tar::ZERO_PAD_NUMBERS
FAQ

What's the minimum perl version required to run Archive::Tar?, Isn't Archive::Tar slow?, Isn't Archive::Tar heavier on memory than /bin/tar?, Can you lazy-load data instead?, How much memory will an X kb tar file need?, What do you do with unsupported filetypes in an archive?, I'm using WinZip, or some other non-POSIX client, and files are not being extracted properly!, How do I extract only files that have property X from an archive?, How do I access .tar.Z files?, How do I handle Unicode strings?

CAVEATS
TODO

Check if passed in handles are open for read/write, Allow archives to be passed in as string, Facilitate processing an opened filehandle of a compressed archive

SEE ALSO

The GNU tar specification, The PAX format specification, A comparison of GNU and POSIX tar standards; http://www.delorie.com/gnu/docs/tar/tar_114.html, GNU tar intends to switch to POSIX compatibility, A Comparison between various tar implementations

AUTHOR
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
COPYRIGHT

Archive::Tar::File - a subclass for in-memory extracted file from Archive::Tar

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Accessors

name, mode, uid, gid, size, mtime, chksum, type, linkname, magic, version, uname, gname, devmajor, devminor, prefix, raw

Methods
Archive::Tar::File->new( file => $path )
Archive::Tar::File->new( data => $path, $data, $opt )
Archive::Tar::File->new( chunk => $chunk )
$bool = $file->extract( [ $alternative_name ] )
$path = $file->full_path
$bool = $file->validate
$bool = $file->has_content
$content = $file->get_content
$cref = $file->get_content_by_ref
$bool = $file->replace_content( $content )
$bool = $file->rename( $new_name )
$bool = $file->chmod $mode)
$bool = $file->chown( $user [, $group])
Convenience methods

$file->is_file, $file->is_dir, $file->is_hardlink, $file->is_symlink, $file->is_chardev, $file->is_blockdev, $file->is_fifo, $file->is_socket, $file->is_longlink, $file->is_label, $file->is_unknown

Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]

Typed lexicals
Type-specific attribute handlers
Non-interpretive attribute handlers
Phase-specific attribute handlers
Attributes as tie interfaces
EXAMPLES
UTILITY FUNCTIONS

findsym

DIAGNOSTICS

Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s), Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s attributes, Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with future reserved word, Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine, Can't autotie a %s, Internal error: %s symbol went missing, Won't be able to apply END handler

AUTHOR
BUGS

AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Subroutine Stubs
Using AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
Overriding AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
Package Lexicals
Not Using AutoLoader
AutoLoader vs. SelfLoader
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$keep, $check, $modtime

Multiple packages
DIAGNOSTICS
AUTHOR

B - The Perl Compiler Backend

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
Utility Functions
Functions Returning B::SV, B::AV, B::HV, and B::CV objects

sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation, init_av, check_av, unitcheck_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv

Functions for Examining the Symbol Table

walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)

Functions Returning B::OP objects or for walking op trees

main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)

Miscellaneous Utility Functions

ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names

Exported utility variables

@optype, @specialsv_name

OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
B::SV Methods

REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref

B::IV Methods

IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv

B::NV Methods

NV, NVX

B::RV Methods

RV

B::PV Methods

PV, RV, PVX, CUR, LEN

B::PVMG Methods

MAGIC, SvSTASH

B::MAGIC Methods

MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX

B::PVLV Methods

TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG

B::BM Methods

USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE

B::GV Methods

is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS

B::IO Methods

LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD

B::AV Methods

FILL, MAX, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, OFF, AvFLAGS

B::CV Methods

STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB, XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv

B::HV Methods

FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, ARRAY, PMROOT

B::OP Methods

next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, opt, flags, private, spare

B::UNOP METHOD

first

B::BINOP METHOD

last

B::LOGOP METHOD

other

B::LISTOP METHOD

children

B::PMOP Methods

pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmflags, extflags, precomp, pmoffset

B::SVOP METHOD

sv, gv

B::PADOP METHOD

padix

B::PVOP METHOD

pv

B::LOOP Methods

redoop, nextop, lastop

B::COP Methods

label, stash, stashpv, stashflags, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io, hints, hints_hash

AUTHOR

B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
OPTIONS
Options for Opcode Ordering

-basic, -exec, -tree

Options for Line-Style

-concise, -terse, -linenoise, -debug, -env

Options for tree-specific formatting

-compact, -loose, -vt, -ascii

Options controlling sequence numbering

-basen, -bigendian, -littleendian

Other options

-src, -stash="somepackage", -main, -nomain, -nobanner, -banner, -banneris => subref

Option Stickiness
ABBREVIATIONS
OP class abbreviations
OP flags abbreviations
FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
Special Patterns

(x(exec_text;basic_text)x), (*(text)*), (*(text1;text2)*), (?(text1#varText2)?), ~

# Variables

#var, #varN, #Var, #addr, #arg, #class, #classsym, #coplabel, #exname, #extarg, #firstaddr, #flags, #flagval, #hints, #hintsval, #hyphseq, #label, #lastaddr, #name, #NAME, #next, #nextaddr, #noise, #private, #privval, #seq, #seqnum, #opt, #sibaddr, #svaddr, #svclass, #svval, #targ, #targarg, #targarglife, #typenum

One-Liner Command tips

perl -MO=Concise,bar foo.pl, perl -MDigest::MD5=md5 -MO=Concise,md5 -e1, perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,_POSIX_ARG_MAX -e1, perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,a -e 'print _POSIX_SAVED_IDS', perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,a -e 'sub a{_POSIX_SAVED_IDS}', perl -MB::Concise -e 'B::Concise::compile("-exec","-src", \%B::Concise::)->()'

Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
Example: Altering Concise Renderings
set_style()
set_style_standard($name)
add_style ()
add_callback ()
Running B::Concise::compile()
B::Concise::reset_sequence()
Errors
AUTHOR

B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
AUTHOR
LICENSE

B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS

-d, -fFILE, -l, -p, -P, -q, -sLETTERS, C, iNUMBER, T, vSTRING., -xLEVEL

USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
Synopsis
Description
new
ambient_pragmas

strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits, %^H

coderef2text
BUGS
AUTHOR

B::Lint - Perl lint

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS

magic-diamond, context, implicit-read and implicit-write, bare-subs, dollar-underscore, private-names, undefined-subs, regexp-variables, all, none

NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS

-u Package

EXTENDING LINT
TODO

while(<FH>) stomps $_, strict oo, unchecked system calls, more tests, validate against older perls

BUGS
AUTHOR
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

B::Lint::Debug - Adds debugging stringification to B::

DESCRIPTION

B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
OPTIONS
SEE ALSO
TODO
AUTHOR

B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

i, &, s, r

OPTIONS

-oFILENAME, -r, -d, -D[tO]

BUGS
AUTHOR

Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods

new, debug, iters

Standard Exports

timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )

Optional Exports

clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )

:hireswallclock
NOTES
EXAMPLES
INHERITANCE
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
MODIFICATION HISTORY

CGI - Handle Common Gateway Interface requests and responses

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
PROGRAMMING STYLE
CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
HANDLING NON-URLENCODED ARGUMENTS
DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE

:cgi, :form, :html2, :html3, :html4, :netscape, :html, :standard, :all

PRAGMAS

-any, -compile, -nosticky, -tabindex, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -utf8, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, -private_tempfiles

SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS

1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates a </ul> tag)

GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER

Parameters:, 4, 5, 6..

ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL

-absolute, -relative, -full, -path (-path_info), -query (-query_string), -base, -rewrite

MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
AUTOESCAPING HTML

$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);

PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
STARTING AND ENDING A FORM

application/x-www-form-urlencoded, multipart/form-data

FORM ELEMENTS

-name, -value, -values, -tabindex, -id, -override, -onChange, -onFocus, -onBlur, -onMouseOver, -onMouseOut, -onSelect

CREATING A TEXT FIELD

Parameters

CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD

Parameters

PROCESSING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
CREATING A POPUP MENU
CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
CREATING A SCROLLING LIST

Parameters:

Parameters:

CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX

Parameters:

CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP

Parameters:

CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON

Parameters:

CREATING A RESET BUTTON
CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD

Parameters:

CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON

Parameters:, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE

CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
HTTP COOKIES

1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, -name, -value, -path, -domain, -expires, -secure

WORKING WITH FRAMES

1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in the <form> tag

SUPPORT FOR JAVASCRIPT

onLoad, onUnload, onSubmit, onClick, onChange, onFocus, onBlur, onSelect, onMouseOver, onMouseOut

LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
DEBUGGING
DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

Accept(), raw_cookie(), user_agent(), path_info(), path_translated(), remote_host(), remote_addr(), script_name() Return the script name as a partial URL, for self-referring scripts, referer(), auth_type (), server_name (), virtual_host (), server_port (), virtual_port (), server_software (), remote_user (), user_name (), request_method(), content_type(), http(), https()

USING NPH SCRIPTS

In the use statement, By calling the nph() method:, By using -nph parameters

Server Push

multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()

Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks

$CGI::POST_MAX, $CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS, 1. On a script-by-script basis, 2. Globally for all scripts

COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
Cgi-lib functions that are available in CGI.pm
Cgi-lib functions that are not available in CGI.pm
AUTHOR INFORMATION
CREDITS

Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), ...and many many more..

A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
BUGS
SEE ALSO

CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR INFORMATION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

CGI::Carp, CGI::Carp - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or other) error log

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
Changing the default message
DOING MORE THAN PRINTING A MESSAGE IN THE EVENT OF PERL ERRORS
SUPPRESSING PERL ERRORS APPEARING IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

CGI::Cookie - Interface to HTTP Cookies

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USING CGI::Cookie

1. expiration date, 2. domain, 3. path, 4. secure flag, 5. httponly flag

Creating New Cookies
Recovering Previous Cookies
Manipulating Cookies

name(), value(), domain(), path(), expires()

AUTHOR INFORMATION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION

FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE

CAVEATS
AUTHOR INFORMATION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Recommendation for when to use CGI::Pretty
Tags that won't be formatted
Customizing the Indenting
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USING CGI::Push

-next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph

Heterogeneous Pages
Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
AUTHOR INFORMATION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR INFORMATION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR INFORMATION
SEE ALSO

CORE - Namespace for Perl's core routines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDING CORE FUNCTIONS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CPAN::shell([$prompt, $command]) Starting Interactive Mode

Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, get, make, test, install, clean modules or distributions, readme, perldoc, look module or distribution, ls author, ls globbing_expression, failed, Persistence between sessions, The force and the fforce pragma, Lockfile, Signals

CPAN::Shell
autobundle
hosts
mkmyconfig
r [Module|/Regexp/]...
recent ***EXPERIMENTAL COMMAND***
recompile
report Bundle|Distribution|Module
smoke ***EXPERIMENTAL COMMAND***
upgrade [Module|/Regexp/]...
The four CPAN::* Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
Integrating local directories
Redirection
CONFIGURATION

completion support, displaying some help: o conf help, displaying current values: o conf [KEY], changing of scalar values: o conf KEY VALUE, changing of list values: o conf KEY SHIFT|UNSHIFT|PUSH|POP|SPLICE|LIST, reverting to saved: o conf defaults, saving the config: o conf commit

Config Variables

o conf <scalar option>, o conf <scalar option> <value>, o conf <list option>, o conf <list option> [shift|pop], o conf <list option> [unshift|push|splice] <list>, interactive editing: o conf init [MATCH|LIST]

CPAN::anycwd($path): Note on config variable getcwd

cwd, getcwd, fastcwd, backtickcwd

Note on the format of the urllist parameter
The urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
Maintaining the urllist parameter
The requires and build_requires dependency declarations
Configuration for individual distributions (Distroprefs)
Filenames
Fallback Data::Dumper and Storable
Blueprint
Language Specs

comment [scalar], cpanconfig [hash], depends [hash] *** EXPERIMENTAL FEATURE ***, disabled [boolean], features [array] *** EXPERIMENTAL FEATURE ***, goto [string], install [hash], make [hash], match [hash], patches [array], pl [hash], test [hash]

Processing Instructions

args [array], commandline, eexpect [hash], env [hash], expect [array]

Schema verification with Kwalify
Example Distroprefs Files
PROGRAMMER'S INTERFACE

expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples

Methods in the other Classes

CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), CPAN::Distribution::author, CPAN::Distribution::pretty_id(), CPAN::Distribution::base_id(), CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::install_tested(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), CPAN::Distribution::perldoc(), CPAN::Distribution::prefs(), CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), CPAN::Distribution::reports(), CPAN::Distribution::read_yaml(), CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::distribution(), CPAN::Module::dslip_status(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), CPAN::Module::available_file(), CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::available_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::perldoc(), CPAN::Module::readme(), CPAN::Module::reports(), CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()

Cache Manager
Bundles
PREREQUISITES
UTILITIES
Finding packages and VERSION
Debugging

o debug package.., o debug -package.., o debug all, o debug number

Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
Basic Utilities for Programmers

has_inst($module), has_usable($module), instance($module)

SECURITY
Cryptographically signed modules
EXPORT
ENVIRONMENT
POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
Three basic types of firewalls

http firewall, ftp firewall, One-way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade

Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
FAQ

1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), 11), 12), 13), 14), 15), 16), 17), 18)

COMPATIBILITY
OLD PERL VERSIONS
CPANPLUS
CPANMINUS
SECURITY ADVICE
BUGS
AUTHOR
LICENSE
TRANSLATIONS
SEE ALSO

CPAN::API::HOWTO - a recipe book for programming with CPAN.pm

RECIPES
What distribution contains a particular module?
What modules does a particular distribution contain?
SEE ALSO
LICENSE
AUTHOR

CPAN::Distroprefs -- read and match distroprefs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
INTERFACE

a CPAN::Distroprefs::Result object, undef, indicating that no prefs files remain to be found

RESULTS
Common
Errors
Successes
PREFS
LICENSE

CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

auto_commit, build_cache, build_dir, build_dir_reuse, build_requires_install_policy, cache_metadata, check_sigs, colorize_output, colorize_print, colorize_warn, colorize_debug, commandnumber_in_prompt, connect_to_internet_ok, ftp_passive, ftpstats_period, ftpstats_size, getcwd, halt_on_failure, histfile, histsize, inactivity_timeout, index_expire, inhibit_startup_message, keep_source_where, load_module_verbosity, makepl_arg, make_arg, make_install_arg, make_install_make_command, mbuildpl_arg, mbuild_arg, mbuild_install_arg, mbuild_install_build_command, pager, prefer_installer, prefs_dir, prerequisites_policy, randomize_urllist, scan_cache, shell, show_unparsable_versions, show_upload_date, show_zero_versions, tar_verbosity, term_is_latin, term_ornaments, test_report, perl5lib_verbosity, prefer_external_tar, trust_test_report_history, use_sqlite, version_timeout, yaml_load_code, yaml_module

LICENSE

CPAN::Kwalify - Interface between CPAN.pm and Kwalify.pm

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

_validate($schema_name, $data, $file, $doc), yaml($schema_name)

AUTHOR
LICENSE

CPAN::Meta - the distribution metadata for a CPAN dist

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
create
load_file
load_yaml_string
load_json_string
save
meta_spec_version
effective_prereqs
should_index_file
should_index_package
features
feature
as_struct
as_string
STRING DATA
LIST DATA
MAP DATA
CUSTOM DATA
BUGS
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code
AUTHORS

CPAN::Meta::Converter - Convert CPAN distribution metadata structures

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
convert
BUGS
AUTHORS

CPAN::Meta::Feature - an optional feature provided by a CPAN distribution

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
identifier
description
prereqs
BUGS
AUTHORS

CPAN::Meta::History - history of CPAN Meta Spec changes

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
Version 2
Version 1.4
Version 1.3
Version 1.2
Version 1.1
Version 1.0
AUTHORS

CPAN::Meta::Prereqs - a set of distribution prerequisites by phase and type

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
requirements_for
with_merged_prereqs
as_string_hash
is_finalized
finalize
clone
BUGS
AUTHORS

CPAN::Meta::Requirements - a set of version requirements for a CPAN dist

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
add_minimum
add_maximum
add_exclusion
exact_version
add_requirements
accepts_module
clear_requirement
required_modules
clone
is_simple
is_finalized
finalize
as_string_hash
add_string_requirement

>= 1.3, <= 1.3, ! 1.3, > 1.3, < 1.3, >= 1.3, ! 1.5, <= 2.0

from_string_hash
AUTHORS

CPAN::Meta::Spec - specification for CPAN distribution metadata

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TERMINOLOGY

distribution, module, package, consumer, producer, must, should, may, etc

DATA TYPES
Boolean
String
List
Map
License String
URL
Version
Version Range
STRUCTURE
REQUIRED FIELDS

version, url, stable, testing, unstable

OPTIONAL FIELDS

file, directory, package, namespace, description, prereqs, file, version, homepage, license, bugtracker, repository

DEPRECATED FIELDS
VERSION NUMBERS
Version Formats

Decimal versions, Dotted-integer versions

Version Ranges
PREREQUISITES
Prereq Spec

configure, build, test, runtime, develop, requires, recommends, suggests, conflicts

Merging and Resolving Prerequisites
SERIALIZATION
NOTES FOR IMPLEMENTORS
Extracting Version Numbers from Perl Modules
Comparing Version Numbers
SEE ALSO
CONTRIBUTORS
AUTHORS

CPAN::Meta::Validator - validate CPAN distribution metadata structures

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
is_valid
errors
Check Methods
Validator Methods
BUGS
AUTHORS

CPAN::Meta::YAML - Read and write a subset of YAML for CPAN Meta files

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code
AUTHORS
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

new( LOCAL_FILE_NAME )

continents()

countries( [CONTINENTS] )

mirrors( [COUNTRIES] )

get_mirrors_by_countries( [COUNTRIES] )

get_mirrors_by_continents( [CONTINENTS] )

get_countries_by_continents( [CONTINENTS] )

best_mirrors

get_n_random_mirrors_by_continents( N, [CONTINENTS]

get_mirrors_timings( MIRROR_LIST, SEEN, CALLBACK );

find_best_continents( HASH_REF );

AUTHOR
LICENSE

CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

CPAN::Version - utility functions to compare CPAN versions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LICENSE

CPANPLUS - API & CLI access to the CPAN mirrors

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
GUIDE TO DOCUMENTATION
GENERAL USAGE
API REFERENCE
COMMANDLINE TOOLS
STARTING AN INTERACTIVE SHELL
CHOOSE A SHELL
BUILDING PACKAGES
FUNCTIONS
$bool = install( Module::Name | /A/AU/AUTHOR/Module-Name-1.tgz )
$where = fetch( Module::Name | /A/AU/AUTHOR/Module-Name-1.tgz )
$where = get( Module::Name | /A/AU/AUTHOR/Module-Name-1.tgz )
shell()
FAQ
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
CONTACT INFORMATION

Bug reporting: bug-cpanplus@rt.cpan.org, Questions & suggestions: bug-cpanplus@rt.cpan.org

CPANPLUS::Backend - programmer's interface to CPANPLUS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ENVIRONMENT
METHODS
$cb = CPANPLUS::Backend->new( [CONFIGURE_OBJ] )

Provide a valid CPANPLUS::Configure object, No arguments

$href = $cb->module_tree( [@modules_names_list] )
$href = $cb->author_tree( [@author_names_list] )
$conf = $cb->configure_object;
$su = $cb->selfupdate_object;
@mods = $cb->search( type => TYPE, allow => AREF, [data => AREF, verbose => BOOL] )
$backend_rv = $cb->fetch( modules => \@mods )
$backend_rv = $cb->extract( modules => \@mods )
$backend_rv = $cb->install( modules => \@mods )
$backend_rv = $cb->readme( modules => \@mods )
$backend_rv = $cb->files( modules => \@mods )
$backend_rv = $cb->distributions( modules => \@mods )
$mod_obj = $cb->parse_module( module => $modname|$distname|$modobj|URI|PATH )

Text::Bastardize, Text-Bastardize, Text/Bastardize.pm, Text-Bastardize-1.06, AYRNIEU/Text-Bastardize, AYRNIEU/Text-Bastardize-1.06, AYRNIEU/Text-Bastardize-1.06.tar.gz, http://example.com/Text-Bastardize-1.06.tar.gz, file:///tmp/Text-Bastardize-1.06.tar.gz, /tmp/Text-Bastardize-1.06, ./Text-Bastardize-1.06

$bool = $cb->reload_indices( [update_source => BOOL, verbose => BOOL] );
$bool = $cb->flush(CACHE_NAME)

methods, hosts, modules, lib, load, all

@mods = $cb->installed()
$bool = $cb->local_mirror([path => '/dir/to/save/to', index_files => BOOL, force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL] )

path, index_files, force, verbose

$file = $cb->autobundle([path => OUTPUT_PATH, force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
$bool = $cb->save_state
CUSTOM MODULE SOURCES
%files = $cb->list_custom_sources
$local_index = $cb->add_custom_source( uri => URI, [verbose => BOOL] );
$local_index = $cb->remove_custom_source( uri => URI, [verbose => BOOL] );
$bool = $cb->update_custom_source( [remote => URI] );
$file = $cb->write_custom_source_index( path => /path/to/package/root, [to => /path/to/index/file, verbose => BOOL] );
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

CPANPLUS::Backend::RV - return value objects

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new( ok => BOOL, args => DATA, rv => DATA, [function => $method_name] )

ok, args, rv, function

BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

CPANPLUS::Config - configuration defaults and heuristics for CPANPLUS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONFIGURATION
Section 'conf'

hosts

allow_build_interactivity

allow_unknown_prereqs

base

buildflags

cpantest

cpantest_mx

debug

dist_type

email

enable_custom_sources

extractdir

fetchdir

flush

force

lib

makeflags

makemakerflags

md5

no_update

passive

prefer_bin

prefer_makefile

prereqs

shell

show_startup_tip

signature

skiptest

storable

timeout

verbose

write_install_log

source_engine

cpantest_reporter_args

Section 'program'

editor

make

pager

shell

sudo

perlwrapper

BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

CPANPLUS::Configure - configuration for CPANPLUS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
$Configure = CPANPLUS::Configure->new( load_configs => BOOL )

load_configs

$bool = $Configure->init( [rescan => BOOL])
can_save( [$config_location] )
$file = $conf->save( [$package_name] )
options( type => TYPE )
ACCESSORS
get_SOMETHING( ITEM, [ITEM, ITEM, ... ] );
set_SOMETHING( ITEM => VAL, [ITEM => VAL, ITEM => VAL, ... ] );
add_SOMETHING( ITEM => VAL, [ITEM => VAL, ITEM => VAL, ... ] );

set|get_conf, set|get_program, _set|_get_build, _set|_get_source, _set|_get_mirror, _set|_get_fetch

BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

CPANPLUS::Dist - base class for plugins

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ACCESSORS

parent(), status()

STATUS ACCESSORS

created(), installed(), uninstalled(), dist()

$dist = CPANPLUS::Dist::YOUR_DIST_TYPE_HERE->new( module => MODOBJ );
@dists = CPANPLUS::Dist->dist_types;
$bool = CPANPLUS::Dist->rescan_dist_types;
$bool = CPANPLUS::Dist->has_dist_type( $type )
$bool = $dist->prereq_satisfied( modobj => $modobj, version => $version_spec )
$configure_requires = $dist->find_configure_requires( [file => /path/to/META.yml] )
$bool = $dist->_resolve_prereqs( ... )

CPANPLUS::Dist::Autobundle - distribution class for installation snapshots

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

CPANPLUS::Dist::Base - Base class for custom distribution classes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FLOW
METHODS
@subs = $Class->methods
$bool = $Class->format_available
$bool = $dist->init
$bool = $dist->prepare
$bool = $dist->create
$bool = $dist->install
$bool = $dist->uninstall

CPANPLUS::Dist::Build - CPANPLUS plugin to install packages that use Build.PL

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ACCESSORS

parent(), status()

STATUS ACCESSORS

build_pl (), build (), test (), prepared (), distdir (), created (), installed (), uninstalled (), _create_args (), _install_args ()

METHODS
$bool = CPANPLUS::Dist::Build->format_available();
$bool = $dist->init();
$bool = $dist->prepare([perl => '/path/to/perl', buildflags => 'EXTRA=FLAGS', force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
$dist->create([perl => '/path/to/perl', buildflags => 'EXTRA=FLAGS', prereq_target => TARGET, force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL, skiptest => BOOL])
$dist->install([verbose => BOOL, perl => /path/to/perl])
AUTHOR
LICENSE

CPANPLUS::Dist::Build::Constants - Constants for CPANPLUS::Dist::Build

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ACCESSORS

parent(), status()

STATUS ACCESSORS

makefile (), make (), test (), prepared (), distdir (), created (), installed (), uninstalled (), _create_args (), _install_args ()

METHODS
$bool = $dist->format_available();
$bool = $dist->init();
$bool = $dist->prepare([perl => '/path/to/perl', makemakerflags => 'EXTRA=FLAGS', force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
$href = $dist->_find_prereqs( file => '/path/to/Makefile', [verbose => BOOL])
$bool = $dist->create([perl => '/path/to/perl', make => '/path/to/make', makeflags => 'EXTRA=FLAGS', prereq_target => TARGET, skiptest => BOOL, force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
$bool = $dist->install([make => '/path/to/make', makemakerflags => 'EXTRA=FLAGS', force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
$bool = $dist->write_makefile_pl([force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])

CPANPLUS::Dist::Sample -- Sample code to create your own Dist::* plugin

Description.

CPANPLUS::Error - error handling for CPANPLUS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
cp_msg("message string" [,VERBOSE])
msg()
cp_error("error string" [,VERBOSE])
error()
CLASS METHODS
CPANPLUS::Error->stack()
CPANPLUS::Error->stack_as_string([TRACE])
CPANPLUS::Error->flush()
GLOBAL VARIABLES

$ERROR_FH, $MSG_FH

CPANPLUS::FAQ - CPANPLUS Frequently Asked Questions

CPANPLUS::FAQ

DESCRIPTION
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

CPANPLUS::Hacking - developing CPANPLUS

DESCRIPTION
OBTAINING CPANPLUS
INSTALLING CPANPLUS
CONFIGURING CPANPLUS
RUNNING CPANPLUS FROM DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT
RUNNING CPANPLUS TESTS
FINDING BUGS

Problem description, Program demonstrating the bug, [OPTIONAL] A patch to the test suite to test for the bug, [OPTIONAL] A patch to the code + tests + documentation

SUPPLYING PATCHES

In diff -u or diff -c format, From the root of the snapshot, Including patches for code + tests + docs, Sent per mail to bug-cpanplus@rt.cpan.org, With subject containing [PATCH] + description of the patch

CPANPLUS::Internals - CPANPLUS internals

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ACCESSORS

_conf, _id

METHODS
$internals = CPANPLUS::Internals->_init( _conf => CONFIG_OBJ )
$bool = $internals->_flush( list => \@caches )
$bool = $internals->_register_callback( name => CALLBACK_NAME, code => CODEREF );

install_prerequisite, send_test_report, munge_test_report, edit_test_report, proceed_on_test_failure, munge_dist_metafile

$bool = $internals->_add_to_includepath( directories => \@dirs )
$id = CPANPLUS::Internals->_last_id
$id = CPANPLUS::Internals->_store_id( $internals )
$obj = CPANPLUS::Internals->_retrieve_id( $ID )
CPANPLUS::Internals->_remove_id( $ID )
@objs = CPANPLUS::Internals->_return_all_objects

CPANPLUS::Internals::Extract - internals for archive extraction

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
$dir = _extract( module => $modobj, [perl => '/path/to/perl', extractdir => '/path/to/extract/to', prefer_bin => BOOL, verbose => BOOL, force => BOOL] )

module, extractdir, prefer_bin, perl, verbose, force

CPANPLUS::Internals::Fetch - internals for fetching files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
$path = _fetch( module => $modobj, [fetchdir => '/path/to/save/to', fetch_from => 'scheme://path/to/fetch/from', verbose => BOOL, force => BOOL, prefer_bin => BOOL, ttl => $seconds] )
_add_fail_host( host => $host_hashref )
_host_ok( host => $host_hashref )

CPANPLUS::Internals::Report - internals for sending test reports

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
$bool = $cb->_have_query_report_modules
$bool = $cb->_have_send_report_modules
@list = $cb->_query_report( module => $modobj, [all_versions => BOOL, verbose => BOOL] )
$bool = $cb->_send_report( module => $modobj, buffer => $make_output, failed => BOOL, [save => BOOL, address => $email_to, verbose => BOOL, force => BOOL]);

module, buffer, failed, save, address, verbose, force

CPANPLUS::Internals::Search - internals for searching for modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
_search_module_tree( type => TYPE, allow => \@regexes, [data => \@previous_results ] )

type, allow, data

_search_author_tree( type => TYPE, allow => \@regexex, [data => \@previous_results ] )

type, allow, data

_all_installed()

CPANPLUS::Internals::Source - internals for updating source files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
$cb->_build_trees( uptodate => BOOL, [use_stored => BOOL, path => $path, verbose => BOOL] )

uptodate, path, verbose, use_stored

$cb->_check_trees( [update_source => BOOL, path => PATH, verbose => BOOL] )

update_source, path, verbose

$cb->__check_uptodate( file => $file, name => $name, [update_source => BOOL, verbose => BOOL] )

file, name, update_source, verbose

$cb->_update_source( name => $name, [path => $path, verbose => BOOL] )

name, path, verbose

$cb->__create_author_tree([path => $path, uptodate => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])

uptodate, path, verbose

$cb->_create_mod_tree([path => $path, uptodate => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])

uptodate, path, verbose

$cb->__create_dslip_tree([path => $path, uptodate => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])

uptodate, path, verbose

$cb->_dslip_defs ()
$file = $cb->_add_custom_module_source( uri => URI, [verbose => BOOL] );
$index = $cb->__custom_module_source_index_file( uri => $uri );
$file = $cb->_remove_custom_module_source( uri => URI, [verbose => BOOL] );
%files = $cb->__list_custom_module_sources
$bool = $cb->__update_custom_module_sources( [verbose => BOOL] );
$ok = $cb->__update_custom_module_source
$bool = $cb->__write_custom_module_index( path => /path/to/packages, [to => /path/to/index/file, verbose => BOOL] )
$bool = $cb->__create_custom_module_entries( [verbose => BOOL] )

CPANPLUS::Internals::Source::Memory - In memory implementation

$cb->__memory_retrieve_source(name => $name, [path => $path, uptodate => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])

name, uptodate, path, verbose

$cb->__memory_save_source([verbose => BOOL, path => $path])

path, verbose

CPANPLUS::Internals::Source::SQLite - SQLite implementation

CPANPLUS::Internals::Utils - convenience functions for CPANPLUS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
$cb->_mkdir( dir => '/some/dir' )
$cb->_chdir( dir => '/some/dir' )
$cb->_rmdir( dir => '/some/dir' );
$cb->_perl_version ( perl => 'some/perl/binary' );
$cb->_version_to_number( version => $version );
$cb->_whoami
_get_file_contents( file => $file );
$cb->_move( from => $file|$dir, to => $target );
$cb->_copy( from => $file|$dir, to => $target );
$cb->_mode_plus_w( file => '/path/to/file' );
$uri = $cb->_host_to_uri( scheme => SCHEME, host => HOST, path => PATH );
$cb->_vcmp( VERSION, VERSION );
$cb->_home_dir
$path = $cb->_safe_path( path => $path );
($pkg, $version, $ext) = $cb->_split_package_string( package => PACKAGE_STRING );

CPANPLUS::Module - CPAN module objects for CPANPLUS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CLASS METHODS
accessors ()
ACCESSORS

name, module, version, path, comment, package, description, dslip

status, author, parent

STATUS ACCESSORS

installer_type, dist_cpan, dist, prereqs | requires, configure_requires, signature, extract, fetch, readme, uninstall, created, installed, checksums, checksum_ok, checksum_value

METHODS
$self = CPANPLUS::Module->new( OPTIONS )
$mod->package_name( [$package_string] )
$mod->package_version( [$package_string] )
$mod->package_extension( [$package_string] )
$mod->package_is_perl_core
$mod->module_is_supplied_with_perl_core( [version => $]] )
$mod->is_bundle
$mod->is_autobundle;
$mod->is_third_party
$mod->third_party_information
$clone = $self->clone
$where = $self->fetch
$path = $self->extract
$type = $self->get_installer_type([prefer_makefile => BOOL])
$dist = $self->dist([target => 'prepare|create', format => DISTRIBUTION_TYPE, args => {key => val}]);
$bool = $mod->prepare( )
$bool = $mod->create( )
$bool = $mod->test( )
$bool = $self->install([ target => 'init|prepare|create|install', format => FORMAT_TYPE, extractdir => DIRECTORY, fetchdir => DIRECTORY, prefer_bin => BOOL, force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL, ..... ]);
$text = $self->readme
$version = $self->installed_version()
$where = $self->installed_file()
$dir = $self->installed_dir()
$bool = $self->is_uptodate([version => VERSION_NUMBER])
$href = $self->details()
@list = $self->contains()
@list_of_hrefs = $self->fetch_report()
$bool = $self->uninstall([type => [all|man|prog])
@modobj = $self->distributions()
@list = $self->files ()
@list = $self->directory_tree ()
@list = $self->packlist ()
@list = $self->validate ()
$bool = $self->add_to_includepath;
$path = $self->best_path_to_module_build();
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

CPANPLUS::Module::Author - CPAN author object for CPANPLUS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ACCESSORS

author, cpanid, email, parent

METHODS
$auth = CPANPLUS::Module::Author->new( author => AUTHOR_NAME, cpanid => CPAN_ID, _id => INTERNALS_ID [, email => AUTHOR_EMAIL] )
@mod_objs = $auth->modules()
@dists = $auth->distributions()
CLASS METHODS
accessors ()

CPANPLUS::Module::Author::Fake - dummy author object for CPANPLUS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new( _id => DIGIT )

CPANPLUS::Module::Checksums - checking the checksum of a distribution

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
$mod->checksums

CPANPLUS::Module::Fake - fake module object for internal use

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new( module => $mod, path => $path, package => $pkg, [_id => DIGIT] )

CPANPLUS::Selfupdate - self-updating for CPANPLUS

SYNOPSIS
METHODS
$self = CPANPLUS::Selfupdate->new( $backend_object );
@cat = $self->list_categories
%list = $self->list_modules_to_update( update => "core|dependencies|enabled_features|features|all", [latest => BOOL] )
$bool = $self->selfupdate( update => "core|dependencies|enabled_features|features|all", [latest => BOOL, force => BOOL] )
@features = $self->list_features
@features = $self->list_enabled_features
@mods = $self->modules_for_feature( FEATURE [,AS_HASH] )
@mods = $self->list_core_dependencies( [AS_HASH] )
@mods = $self->list_core_modules( [AS_HASH] )
CPANPLUS::Selfupdate::Module
$version = $mod->version_required
$bool = $mod->is_installed_version_sufficient
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

CPANPLUS::Shell - base class for CPANPLUS shells

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

CPANPLUS::Shell::Classic - CPAN.pm emulation for CPANPLUS

DESCRIPTION
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
SEE ALSO

CPANPLUS::Shell::Default - the default CPANPLUS shell

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::CustomSource - add custom sources to CPANPLUS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::HOWTO -- documentation on how to write your own plugins

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HOWTO
Registering Plugin Modules
Registering Plugin Commands
Registering Plugin Help
Arguments to Plugin Commands

Classname -- The name of your plugin class, Shell -- The CPANPLUS::Shell::Default object, Backend -- The CPANPLUS::Backend object, Command -- The command issued by the user, Input -- The input string from the user, Options -- A hashref of options provided by the user

BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::Remote - connect to a remote CPANPLUS

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::Source - read in CPANPLUS commands

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

Carp - alternative warn and die for modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Forcing a Stack Trace
GLOBAL VARIABLES
$Carp::MaxEvalLen
$Carp::MaxArgLen
$Carp::MaxArgNums
$Carp::Verbose
@CARP_NOT
%Carp::Internal
%Carp::CarpInternal
$Carp::CarpLevel
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENSE

Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The struct() function
Class Creation at Compile Time
Element Types and Accessor Methods

Scalar ('$' or '*$'), Array ('@' or '*@'), Hash ('%' or '*%'), Class ('Class_Name' or '*Class_Name')

Initializing with new
EXAMPLES

Example 1, Example 2, Example 3

Author and Modification History

Compress::Raw::Bzip2 - Low-Level Interface to bzip2 compression library

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Compression
($z, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Bzip2 $appendOutput, $blockSize100k, $workfactor;

$appendOutput, $blockSize100k, $workfactor

$status = $bz->bzdeflate($input, $output);
$status = $bz->bzflush($output);
$status = $bz->bzclose($output);
Example
Uncompression
($z, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Bunzip2 $appendOutput, $consumeInput, $small, $verbosity, $limitOutput;

$appendOutput, $consumeInput, $small, $limitOutput, $verbosity

$status = $z->bzinflate($input, $output);
Misc
my $version = Compress::Raw::Bzip2::bzlibversion();
Constants
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

Compress::Raw::Zlib - Low-Level Interface to zlib compression library

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate
($d, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate( [OPT] )

-Level, -Method, -WindowBits, -MemLevel, -Strategy, -Dictionary, -Bufsize, -AppendOutput, -CRC32, -ADLER32

$status = $d->deflate($input, $output)
$status = $d->flush($output [, $flush_type])
$status = $d->deflateReset()
$status = $d->deflateParams([OPT])

-Level, -Strategy, -BufSize

$status = $d->deflateTune($good_length, $max_lazy, $nice_length, $max_chain)
$d->dict_adler()
$d->crc32()
$d->adler32()
$d->msg()
$d->total_in()
$d->total_out()
$d->get_Strategy()
$d->get_Level()
$d->get_BufSize()
Example
Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate
($i, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate( [OPT] )

-WindowBits, -Bufsize, -Dictionary, -AppendOutput, -CRC32, -ADLER32, -ConsumeInput, -LimitOutput

$status = $i->inflate($input, $output [,$eof])
$status = $i->inflateSync($input)
$status = $i->inflateReset()
$i->dict_adler()
$i->crc32()
$i->adler32()
$i->msg()
$i->total_in()
$i->total_out()
$d->get_BufSize()
Examples
CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
Misc
my $version = Compress::Raw::Zlib::zlib_version();
my $flags = Compress::Raw::Zlib::zlibCompileFlags();
The LimitOutput option.
ACCESSING ZIP FILES
FAQ
Compatibility with Unix compress/uncompress.
Accessing .tar.Z files
Zlib Library Version Support
CONSTANTS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

Compress::Zlib - Interface to zlib compression library

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Notes for users of Compress::Zlib version 1
GZIP INTERFACE

$gz = gzopen($filename, $mode), $gz = gzopen($filehandle, $mode), $bytesread = $gz->gzread($buffer [, $size]) ;, $bytesread = $gz->gzreadline($line) ;, $byteswritten = $gz->gzwrite($buffer) ;, $status = $gz->gzflush($flush_type) ;, $offset = $gz->gztell() ;, $status = $gz->gzseek($offset, $whence) ;, $gz->gzclose, $gz->gzsetparams($level, $strategy, $level, $strategy, $gz->gzerror, $gzerrno

Examples
Compress::Zlib::memGzip
Compress::Zlib::memGunzip
COMPRESS/UNCOMPRESS

$dest = compress($source [, $level] ) ;, $dest = uncompress($source) ;

Deflate Interface
($d, $status) = deflateInit( [OPT] )

-Level, -Method, -WindowBits, -MemLevel, -Strategy, -Dictionary, -Bufsize

($out, $status) = $d->deflate($buffer)
($out, $status) = $d->flush() =head2 ($out, $status) = $d->flush($flush_type)
$status = $d->deflateParams([OPT])

-Level, -Strategy

$d->dict_adler()
$d->msg()
$d->total_in()
$d->total_out()
Example
Inflate Interface
($i, $status) = inflateInit()

-WindowBits, -Bufsize, -Dictionary

($out, $status) = $i->inflate($buffer)
$status = $i->inflateSync($buffer)
$i->dict_adler()
$i->msg()
$i->total_in()
$i->total_out()
Example
CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
Misc
my $version = Compress::Zlib::zlib_version();
CONSTANTS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

Config - access Perl configuration information

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names), bincompat_options(), non_bincompat_options(), compile_date(), local_patches(), header_files()

EXAMPLE
WARNING
GLOSSARY
_

_a, _exe, _o

a

afs, afsroot, alignbytes, ansi2knr, aphostname, api_revision, api_subversion, api_version, api_versionstring, ar, archlib, archlibexp, archname, archname64, archobjs, asctime_r_proto, awk

b

baserev, bash, bin, bin_ELF, binexp, bison, byacc, byteorder

c

c, castflags, cat, cc, cccdlflags, ccdlflags, ccflags, ccflags_uselargefiles, ccname, ccsymbols, ccversion, cf_by, cf_email, cf_time, charbits, charsize, chgrp, chmod, chown, clocktype, comm, compress, config_arg0, config_argc, config_args, contains, cp, cpio, cpp, cpp_stuff, cppccsymbols, cppflags, cpplast, cppminus, cpprun, cppstdin, cppsymbols, crypt_r_proto, cryptlib, csh, ctermid_r_proto, ctime_r_proto

d

d__fwalk, d_access, d_accessx, d_aintl, d_alarm, d_archlib, d_asctime64, d_asctime_r, d_atolf, d_atoll, d_attribute_deprecated, d_attribute_format, d_attribute_malloc, d_attribute_nonnull, d_attribute_noreturn, d_attribute_pure, d_attribute_unused, d_attribute_warn_unused_result, d_bcmp, d_bcopy, d_bsd, d_bsdgetpgrp, d_bsdsetpgrp, d_builtin_choose_expr, d_builtin_expect, d_bzero, d_c99_variadic_macros, d_casti32, d_castneg, d_charvspr, d_chown, d_chroot, d_chsize, d_class, d_clearenv, d_closedir, d_cmsghdr_s, d_const, d_copysignl, d_cplusplus, d_crypt, d_crypt_r, d_csh, d_ctermid, d_ctermid_r, d_ctime64, d_ctime_r, d_cuserid, d_dbl_dig, d_dbminitproto, d_difftime, d_difftime64, d_dir_dd_fd, d_dirfd, d_dirnamlen, d_dlerror, d_dlopen, d_dlsymun, d_dosuid, d_drand48_r, d_drand48proto, d_dup2, d_eaccess, d_endgrent, d_endgrent_r, d_endhent, d_endhostent_r, d_endnent, d_endnetent_r, d_endpent, d_endprotoent_r, d_endpwent, d_endpwent_r, d_endsent, d_endservent_r, d_eofnblk, d_eunice, d_faststdio, d_fchdir, d_fchmod, d_fchown, d_fcntl, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fd_macros, d_fd_set, d_fds_bits, d_fgetpos, d_finite, d_finitel, d_flexfnam, d_flock, d_flockproto, d_fork, d_fp_class, d_fpathconf, d_fpclass, d_fpclassify, d_fpclassl, d_fpos64_t, d_frexpl, d_fs_data_s, d_fseeko, d_fsetpos, d_fstatfs, d_fstatvfs, d_fsync, d_ftello, d_ftime, d_futimes, d_Gconvert, d_gdbm_ndbm_h_uses_prototypes, d_gdbmndbm_h_uses_prototypes, d_getaddrinfo, d_getcwd, d_getespwnam, d_getfsstat, d_getgrent, d_getgrent_r, d_getgrgid_r, d_getgrnam_r, d_getgrps, d_gethbyaddr, d_gethbyname, d_gethent, d_gethname, d_gethostbyaddr_r, d_gethostbyname_r, d_gethostent_r, d_gethostprotos, d_getitimer, d_getlogin, d_getlogin_r, d_getmnt, d_getmntent, d_getnameinfo, d_getnbyaddr, d_getnbyname, d_getnent, d_getnetbyaddr_r, d_getnetbyname_r, d_getnetent_r, d_getnetprotos, d_getpagsz, d_getpbyname, d_getpbynumber, d_getpent, d_getpgid, d_getpgrp, d_getpgrp2, d_getppid, d_getprior, d_getprotobyname_r, d_getprotobynumber_r, d_getprotoent_r, d_getprotoprotos, d_getprpwnam, d_getpwent, d_getpwent_r, d_getpwnam_r, d_getpwuid_r, d_getsbyname, d_getsbyport, d_getsent, d_getservbyname_r, d_getservbyport_r, d_getservent_r, d_getservprotos, d_getspnam, d_getspnam_r, d_gettimeod, d_gmtime64, d_gmtime_r, d_gnulibc, d_grpasswd, d_hasmntopt, d_htonl, d_ilogbl, d_inc_version_list, d_index, d_inetaton, d_inetntop, d_inetpton, d_int64_t, d_ipv6_mreq, d_isascii, d_isblank, d_isfinite, d_isinf, d_isnan, d_isnanl, d_killpg, d_lchown, d_ldbl_dig, d_libm_lib_version, d_link, d_localtime64, d_localtime_r, d_localtime_r_needs_tzset, d_locconv, d_lockf, d_longdbl, d_longlong, d_lseekproto, d_lstat, d_madvise, d_malloc_good_size, d_malloc_size, d_mblen, d_mbstowcs, d_mbtowc, d_memchr, d_memcmp, d_memcpy, d_memmove, d_memset, d_mkdir, d_mkdtemp, d_mkfifo, d_mkstemp, d_mkstemps, d_mktime, d_mktime64, d_mmap, d_modfl, d_modfl_pow32_bug, d_modflproto, d_mprotect, d_msg, d_msg_ctrunc, d_msg_dontroute, d_msg_oob, d_msg_peek, d_msg_proxy, d_msgctl, d_msgget, d_msghdr_s, d_msgrcv, d_msgsnd, d_msync, d_munmap, d_mymalloc, d_ndbm, d_ndbm_h_uses_prototypes, d_nice, d_nl_langinfo, d_nv_preserves_uv, d_nv_zero_is_allbits_zero, d_off64_t, d_old_pthread_create_joinable, d_oldpthreads, d_oldsock, d_open3, d_pathconf, d_pause, d_perl_otherlibdirs, d_phostname, d_pipe, d_poll, d_portable, d_prctl, d_prctl_set_name, d_PRId64, d_PRIeldbl, d_PRIEUldbl, d_PRIfldbl, d_PRIFUldbl, d_PRIgldbl, d_PRIGUldbl, d_PRIi64, d_printf_format_null, d_PRIo64, d_PRIu64, d_PRIx64, d_PRIXU64, d_procselfexe, d_pseudofork, d_pthread_atfork, d_pthread_attr_setscope, d_pthread_yield, d_pwage, d_pwchange, d_pwclass, d_pwcomment, d_pwexpire, d_pwgecos, d_pwpasswd, d_pwquota, d_qgcvt, d_quad, d_random_r, d_readdir, d_readdir64_r, d_readdir_r, d_readlink, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_rename, d_rewinddir, d_rmdir, d_safebcpy, d_safemcpy, d_sanemcmp, d_sbrkproto, d_scalbnl, d_sched_yield, d_scm_rights, d_SCNfldbl, d_seekdir, d_select, d_sem, d_semctl, d_semctl_semid_ds, d_semctl_semun, d_semget, d_semop, d_sendmsg, d_setegid, d_seteuid, d_setgrent, d_setgrent_r, d_setgrps, d_sethent, d_sethostent_r, d_setitimer, d_setlinebuf, d_setlocale, d_setlocale_r, d_setnent, d_setnetent_r, d_setpent, d_setpgid, d_setpgrp, d_setpgrp2, d_setprior, d_setproctitle, d_setprotoent_r, d_setpwent, d_setpwent_r, d_setregid, d_setresgid, d_setresuid, d_setreuid, d_setrgid, d_setruid, d_setsent, d_setservent_r, d_setsid, d_setvbuf, d_sfio, d_shm, d_shmat, d_shmatprototype, d_shmctl, d_shmdt, d_shmget, d_sigaction, d_signbit, d_sigprocmask, d_sigsetjmp, d_sin6_scope_id, d_sitearch, d_snprintf, d_sockaddr_in6, d_sockaddr_sa_len, d_sockatmark, d_sockatmarkproto, d_socket, d_socklen_t, d_sockpair, d_socks5_init, d_sprintf_returns_strlen, d_sqrtl, d_srand48_r, d_srandom_r, d_sresgproto, d_sresuproto, d_statblks, d_statfs_f_flags, d_statfs_s, d_static_inline, d_statvfs, d_stdio_cnt_lval, d_stdio_ptr_lval, d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt, d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt, d_stdio_stream_array, d_stdiobase, d_stdstdio, d_strchr, d_strcoll, d_strctcpy, d_strerrm, d_strerror, d_strerror_r, d_strftime, d_strlcat, d_strlcpy, d_strtod, d_strtol, d_strtold, d_strtoll, d_strtoq, d_strtoul, d_strtoull, d_strtouq, d_strxfrm, d_suidsafe, d_symlink, d_syscall, d_syscallproto, d_sysconf, d_sysernlst, d_syserrlst, d_system, d_tcgetpgrp, d_tcsetpgrp, d_telldir, d_telldirproto, d_time, d_timegm, d_times, d_tm_tm_gmtoff, d_tm_tm_zone, d_tmpnam_r, d_truncate, d_ttyname_r, d_tzname, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_umask, d_uname, d_union_semun, d_unordered, d_unsetenv, d_usleep, d_usleepproto, d_ustat, d_vendorarch, d_vendorbin, d_vendorlib, d_vendorscript, d_vfork, d_void_closedir, d_voidsig, d_voidtty, d_volatile, d_vprintf, d_vsnprintf, d_wait4, d_waitpid, d_wcstombs, d_wctomb, d_writev, d_xenix, date, db_hashtype, db_prefixtype, db_version_major, db_version_minor, db_version_patch, defvoidused, direntrytype, dlext, dlsrc, doublesize, drand01, drand48_r_proto, dtrace, dynamic_ext

e

eagain, ebcdic, echo, egrep, emacs, endgrent_r_proto, endhostent_r_proto, endnetent_r_proto, endprotoent_r_proto, endpwent_r_proto, endservent_r_proto, eunicefix, exe_ext, expr, extensions, extern_C, extras

f

fflushall, fflushNULL, find, firstmakefile, flex, fpossize, fpostype, freetype, from, full_ar, full_csh, full_sed

g

gccansipedantic, gccosandvers, gccversion, getgrent_r_proto, getgrgid_r_proto, getgrnam_r_proto, gethostbyaddr_r_proto, gethostbyname_r_proto, gethostent_r_proto, getlogin_r_proto, getnetbyaddr_r_proto, getnetbyname_r_proto, getnetent_r_proto, getprotobyname_r_proto, getprotobynumber_r_proto, getprotoent_r_proto, getpwent_r_proto, getpwnam_r_proto, getpwuid_r_proto, getservbyname_r_proto, getservbyport_r_proto, getservent_r_proto, getspnam_r_proto, gidformat, gidsign, gidsize, gidtype, glibpth, gmake, gmtime_r_proto, gnulibc_version, grep, groupcat, groupstype, gzip

h

h_fcntl, h_sysfile, hint, hostcat, html1dir, html1direxp, html3dir, html3direxp

i

i16size, i16type, i32size, i32type, i64size, i64type, i8size, i8type, i_arpainet, i_assert, i_bsdioctl, i_crypt, i_db, i_dbm, i_dirent, i_dld, i_dlfcn, i_fcntl, i_float, i_fp, i_fp_class, i_gdbm, i_gdbm_ndbm, i_gdbmndbm, i_grp, i_ieeefp, i_inttypes, i_langinfo, i_libutil, i_limits, i_locale, i_machcthr, i_malloc, i_mallocmalloc, i_math, i_memory, i_mntent, i_ndbm, i_netdb, i_neterrno, i_netinettcp, i_niin, i_poll, i_prot, i_pthread, i_pwd, i_rpcsvcdbm, i_sfio, i_sgtty, i_shadow, i_socks, i_stdarg, i_stdbool, i_stddef, i_stdlib, i_string, i_sunmath, i_sysaccess, i_sysdir, i_sysfile, i_sysfilio, i_sysin, i_sysioctl, i_syslog, i_sysmman, i_sysmode, i_sysmount, i_sysndir, i_sysparam, i_syspoll, i_sysresrc, i_syssecrt, i_sysselct, i_syssockio, i_sysstat, i_sysstatfs, i_sysstatvfs, i_systime, i_systimek, i_systimes, i_systypes, i_sysuio, i_sysun, i_sysutsname, i_sysvfs, i_syswait, i_termio, i_termios, i_time, i_unistd, i_ustat, i_utime, i_values, i_varargs, i_varhdr, i_vfork, ignore_versioned_solibs, inc_version_list, inc_version_list_init, incpath, inews, initialinstalllocation, installarchlib, installbin, installhtml1dir, installhtml3dir, installman1dir, installman3dir, installprefix, installprefixexp, installprivlib, installscript, installsitearch, installsitebin, installsitehtml1dir, installsitehtml3dir, installsitelib, installsiteman1dir, installsiteman3dir, installsitescript, installstyle, installusrbinperl, installvendorarch, installvendorbin, installvendorhtml1dir, installvendorhtml3dir, installvendorlib, installvendorman1dir, installvendorman3dir, installvendorscript, intsize, issymlink, ivdformat, ivsize, ivtype

k

known_extensions, ksh

l

ld, ld_can_script, lddlflags, ldflags, ldflags_uselargefiles, ldlibpthname, less, lib_ext, libc, libperl, libpth, libs, libsdirs, libsfiles, libsfound, libspath, libswanted, libswanted_uselargefiles, line, lint, lkflags, ln, lns, localtime_r_proto, locincpth, loclibpth, longdblsize, longlongsize, longsize, lp, lpr, ls, lseeksize, lseektype

m

mad, madlyh, madlyobj, madlysrc, mail, mailx, make, make_set_make, mallocobj, mallocsrc, malloctype, man1dir, man1direxp, man1ext, man3dir, man3direxp, man3ext, mips_type, mistrustnm, mkdir, mmaptype, modetype, more, multiarch, mv, myarchname, mydomain, myhostname, myuname

n

n, need_va_copy, netdb_hlen_type, netdb_host_type, netdb_name_type, netdb_net_type, nm, nm_opt, nm_so_opt, nonxs_ext, nroff, nv_overflows_integers_at, nv_preserves_uv_bits, nveformat, nvEUformat, nvfformat, nvFUformat, nvgformat, nvGUformat, nvsize, nvtype

o

o_nonblock, obj_ext, old_pthread_create_joinable, optimize, orderlib, osname, osvers, otherlibdirs

p

package, pager, passcat, patchlevel, path_sep, perl, perl5

P

PERL_API_REVISION, PERL_API_SUBVERSION, PERL_API_VERSION, PERL_CONFIG_SH, PERL_PATCHLEVEL, perl_patchlevel, PERL_REVISION, perl_static_inline, PERL_SUBVERSION, PERL_VERSION, perladmin, perllibs, perlpath, pg, phostname, pidtype, plibpth, pmake, pr, prefix, prefixexp, privlib, privlibexp, procselfexe, prototype, ptrsize

q

quadkind, quadtype

r

randbits, randfunc, random_r_proto, randseedtype, ranlib, rd_nodata, readdir64_r_proto, readdir_r_proto, revision, rm, rm_try, rmail, run, runnm

s

sched_yield, scriptdir, scriptdirexp, sed, seedfunc, selectminbits, selecttype, sendmail, setgrent_r_proto, sethostent_r_proto, setlocale_r_proto, setnetent_r_proto, setprotoent_r_proto, setpwent_r_proto, setservent_r_proto, sGMTIME_max, sGMTIME_min, sh, shar, sharpbang, shmattype, shortsize, shrpenv, shsharp, sig_count, sig_name, sig_name_init, sig_num, sig_num_init, sig_size, signal_t, sitearch, sitearchexp, sitebin, sitebinexp, sitehtml1dir, sitehtml1direxp, sitehtml3dir, sitehtml3direxp, sitelib, sitelib_stem, sitelibexp, siteman1dir, siteman1direxp, siteman3dir, siteman3direxp, siteprefix, siteprefixexp, sitescript, sitescriptexp, sizesize, sizetype, sleep, sLOCALTIME_max, sLOCALTIME_min, smail, so, sockethdr, socketlib, socksizetype, sort, spackage, spitshell, sPRId64, sPRIeldbl, sPRIEUldbl, sPRIfldbl, sPRIFUldbl, sPRIgldbl, sPRIGUldbl, sPRIi64, sPRIo64, sPRIu64, sPRIx64, sPRIXU64, srand48_r_proto, srandom_r_proto, src, sSCNfldbl, ssizetype, st_ino_sign, st_ino_size, startperl, startsh, static_ext, stdchar, stdio_base, stdio_bufsiz, stdio_cnt, stdio_filbuf, stdio_ptr, stdio_stream_array, strerror_r_proto, strings, submit, subversion, sysman

t

tail, tar, targetarch, tbl, tee, test, timeincl, timetype, tmpnam_r_proto, to, touch, tr, trnl, troff, ttyname_r_proto

u

u16size, u16type, u32size, u32type, u64size, u64type, u8size, u8type, uidformat, uidsign, uidsize, uidtype, uname, uniq, uquadtype, use5005threads, use64bitall, use64bitint, usecrosscompile, usedevel, usedl, usedtrace, usefaststdio, useithreads, usekernprocpathname, uselargefiles, uselongdouble, usemallocwrap, usemorebits, usemultiplicity, usemymalloc, usenm, usensgetexecutablepath, useopcode, useperlio, useposix, usereentrant, userelocatableinc, usesfio, useshrplib, usesitecustomize, usesocks, usethreads, usevendorprefix, usevfork, usrinc, uuname, uvoformat, uvsize, uvtype, uvuformat, uvxformat, uvXUformat

v

vaproto, vendorarch, vendorarchexp, vendorbin, vendorbinexp, vendorhtml1dir, vendorhtml1direxp, vendorhtml3dir, vendorhtml3direxp, vendorlib, vendorlib_stem, vendorlibexp, vendorman1dir, vendorman1direxp, vendorman3dir, vendorman3direxp, vendorprefix, vendorprefixexp, vendorscript, vendorscriptexp, version, version_patchlevel_string, versiononly, vi, voidflags

x

xlibpth

y

yacc, yaccflags

z

zcat, zip

GIT DATA
NOTE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

dynamic, nonxs, static

AUTHOR

Cwd - get pathname of current working directory

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
getcwd and friends

getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd

abs_path and friends

abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path

$ENV{PWD}
NOTES
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Global Variables
$DB::sub,  %DB::sub,  $DB::single,  $DB::signal,  $DB::trace,	@DB::args, 
@DB::dbline,  %DB::dbline,  $DB::package,  $DB::filename,  $DB::subname, 
$DB::lineno
API Methods

CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()

Client Callback Methods

CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), CLIENT->output(LIST)

BUGS
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
What is a DBM Filter?
So what's new?
METHODS
$db->Filter_Push() / $db->Filter_Key_Push() / $db->Filter_Value_Push()

Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push

$db->Filter_Pop()
$db->Filtered()
Writing a Filter
Immediate Filters
Canned Filters

"name", params

Filters Included

utf8, encode, compress, int32, null

NOTES
Maintain Round Trip Integrity
Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file.
EXAMPLE
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::compress - filter for DBM_Filter

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::encode - filter for DBM_Filter

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::int32 - filter for DBM_Filter

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::null - filter for DBM_Filter

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::utf8 - filter for DBM_Filter

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

DB_HASH, DB_BTREE, DB_RECNO

Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
Interface to Berkeley DB
Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
Default Parameters
In Memory Databases
DB_HASH
A Simple Example
DB_BTREE
Changing the BTREE sort order
Handling Duplicate Keys
The get_dup() Method
The find_dup() Method
The del_dup() Method
Matching Partial Keys
DB_RECNO
The 'bval' Option
A Simple Example
Extra RECNO Methods

$X->push(list) ;, $value = $X->pop ;, $X->shift, $X->unshift(list) ;, $X->length, $X->splice(offset, length, elements);

Another Example
THE API INTERFACE

$status = $X->get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->del($key [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->fd ;, $status = $X->seq($key, $value, $flags) ;, $status = $X->sync([$flags]) ;

DBM FILTERS

filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key, filter_fetch_value

The Filter
An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
Another Example -- Key is a C int.
HINTS AND TIPS
Locking: The Trouble with fd
Safe ways to lock a database

Tie::DB_Lock, Tie::DB_LockFile, DB_File::Lock

Sharing Databases With C Applications
The untie() Gotcha
COMMON QUESTIONS
Why is there Perl source in my database?
How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
REFERENCES
HISTORY
BUGS
AVAILABILITY
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both printing and eval

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods

PACKAGE->new(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Dump or PACKAGE->Dump(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Seen([HASHREF]), $OBJ->Values([ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Names([ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Reset

Functions

Dumper(LIST)

Configuration Variables or Methods
Exports

Dumper

EXAMPLES
BUGS
NOTE
AUTHOR
VERSION
SEE ALSO

Devel::InnerPackage - find all the inner packages of a package

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
list_packages <package name>
AUTHOR
COPYING
BUGS

Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Why use ppport.h?
How to use ppport.h
Running ppport.h
FUNCTIONS
WriteFile
COMPATIBILITY
Provided Perl compatibility API
Perl API not supported by ppport.h

perl 5.14.0, perl 5.13.10, perl 5.13.8, perl 5.13.7, perl 5.13.6, perl 5.13.5, perl 5.13.4, perl 5.13.3, perl 5.13.2, perl 5.13.1, perl 5.11.5, perl 5.11.4, perl 5.11.2, perl 5.11.1, perl 5.11.0, perl 5.10.1, perl 5.10.0, perl 5.9.5, perl 5.9.4, perl 5.9.3, perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0, perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0, perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl 5.6.1, perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03, perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl 5.004

BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Runtime debugging
Memory footprint debugging
EXAMPLES
A simple scalar string
A simple scalar number
A simple scalar with an extra reference
A reference to a simple scalar
A reference to an array
A reference to a hash
Dumping a large array or hash
A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
A reference to a subroutine
EXPORTS
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Digest - Modules that calculate message digests

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

binary, hex, base64

OO INTERFACE

$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset, $ctx->add( $data ), $ctx->add( $chunk1, $chunk2, ... ), $ctx->addfile( $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits( $data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest

Digest speed
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS

md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)

METHODS

$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...), $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits), $md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest

EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
AUTHORS

Digest::SHA - Perl extension for SHA-1/224/256/384/512

SYNOPSIS
SYNOPSIS (HMAC-SHA)
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
NIST STATEMENT ON SHA-1
PADDING OF BASE64 DIGESTS
EXPORT
EXPORTABLE FUNCTIONS

sha1($data, ...), sha224($data, ...), sha256($data, ...), sha384($data, ...), sha512($data, ...), sha512224($data, ...), sha512256($data, ...), sha1_hex($data, ...), sha224_hex($data, ...), sha256_hex($data, ...), sha384_hex($data, ...), sha512_hex($data, ...), sha512224_hex($data, ...), sha512256_hex($data, ...), sha1_base64($data, ...), sha224_base64($data, ...), sha256_base64($data, ...), sha384_base64($data, ...), sha512_base64($data, ...), sha512224_base64($data, ...), sha512256_base64($data, ...), new($alg), reset($alg), hashsize, algorithm, clone, add($data, ...), add_bits($data, $nbits), add_bits($bits), addfile(*FILE), addfile($filename [, $mode]), dump($filename), load($filename), digest, hexdigest, b64digest, hmac_sha1($data, $key), hmac_sha224($data, $key), hmac_sha256($data, $key), hmac_sha384($data, $key), hmac_sha512($data, $key), hmac_sha512224($data, $key), hmac_sha512256($data, $key), hmac_sha1_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha224_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha256_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha384_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha512_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha512224_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha512256_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha1_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha224_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha256_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha384_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha512_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha512224_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha512256_base64($data, $key)

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Digest::base - Digest base class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Digest::file - Calculate digests of files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

digest_file( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_hex( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_base64( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] )

SEE ALSO

DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Creation

arrayDepth, hashDepth, compactDump, veryCompact, globPrint, dumpDBFiles, dumpPackages, dumpReused, tick, quoteHighBit, printUndef, usageOnly, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, stopDbSignal

Methods

dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, veryCompact, set, get

DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, @dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()

AUTHOR

Encode - character encodings in Perl

SYNOPSIS
Table of Contents
DESCRIPTION
TERMINOLOGY
THE PERL ENCODING API

$octets = encode(ENCODING, STRING[, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING, OCTETS[, CHECK]), [$obj =] find_encoding(ENCODING), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [, CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [, CHECK]);

Listing available encodings
Defining Aliases
Finding IANA Character Set Registry names
Encoding via PerlIO
Handling Malformed Data

NOTE: Not all encoding support this feature, CHECK = Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), CHECK = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), CHECK = Encode::FB_QUIET, CHECK = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode (CHECK = Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (CHECK = Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML charref mode (CHECK = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The bitmask, Encode::LEAVE_SRC

coderef for CHECK
Defining Encodings
The UTF8 flag

Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:

Messing with Perl's Internals

is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)

UTF-8 vs. utf8 vs. UTF8
SEE ALSO
MAINTAINER
COPYRIGHT

Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code reference, e.g.:

Alias overloading
SEE ALSO

Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*

Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN

Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode

Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
Description
Predefined Methods

$e = Encode::Encoder->new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), $e->data([$data]), $e->encoding([$encoding]), $e->bytes([$encoding])

Example: base64 transcoder
Operator Overloading
SEE ALSO

Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods you should implement

->encode($string [,$check]), ->decode($octets [,$check]), ->cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])

Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings

->name, ->mime_name, ->renew, ->renewed, ->perlio_ok(), ->needs_lines()

Example: Encode::ROT13
Why the heck Encode API is different?
Compiled Encodings
SEE ALSO

Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes

Encode::GSM0338 -- ESTI GSM 03.38 Encoding

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION

Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), guess_encoding($data, [, list of suspects])

CAVEATS
TO DO
SEE ALSO

Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*

Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP

Encode::KR - Korean Encodings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR

Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::MIME::Name, Encode::MIME::NAME -- internally used by Encode

SEE ALSO

Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO

Overview
How does it work?
Line Buffering
How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
SEE ALSO

Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode

DESCRIPTION
Encoding Names
Supported Encodings
Built-in Encodings
Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII

ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for the Cyrillic world

gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1

gsm0338 support before 2.19

CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)

Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN

Miscellaneous encodings

Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess

Unsupported encodings
ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)

KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS

Glossary

character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, UTF-16

See Also
References

ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq ISO-2022), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary

Other Notable Sites

czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: "Introduction to i18n"

Offline sources

CJKV Information Processing by Ken Lunde

Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT

http://www.unicode.org/glossary/ says:, Quick Reference

Size, Endianness, and BOM
by size
by endianness

BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order

Surrogate Pairs
Error Checking
SEE ALSO

Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
In Practice
SEE ALSO

English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation variables

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
PERFORMANCE

Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or arrays

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LIMITATIONS
AUTHOR

Errno - System errno constants

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Exporter - Implements default import method for modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
How to Export
Selecting What To Export
How to Import

use YourModule;, use YourModule ();, use YourModule qw(...);

Advanced features
Specialised Import Lists
Exporting without using Exporter's import method
Exporting without inheriting from Exporter
Module Version Checking
Managing Unknown Symbols
Tag Handling Utility Functions
Generating combined tags
AUTOLOADed Constants
Good Practices
Declaring @EXPORT_OK and Friends
Playing Safe
What not to Export
SEE ALSO
LICENSE

Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

new, have_compiler, have_cplusplus, compile, object_file, include_dirs, extra_compiler_flags, C++, link, lib_file, module_name, extra_linker_flags, link_executable, exe_file, object_file, lib_file, exe_file, prelink, need_prelink, extra_link_args_after_prelink

TO DO
HISTORY
SUPPORT
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows platforms

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in Makefiles etc.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS

cat

eqtime

rm_rf

rm_f

touch

mv

cp

chmod

mkpath

test_f

test_d

dos2unix

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

test_harness

pod2man

warn_if_old_packlist

perllocal_install

uninstall

ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE

IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF

FUNCTIONS

constant_types

XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, XS_SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME

autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER

WriteMakefileSnippet

WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE => VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, PROXYSUBS, C_FH, C_FILE, XS_FH, XS_FILE, XS_SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE

header

memEQ_clause args_hashref

dump_names arg_hashref, ITEM..

assign arg_hashref, VALUE..

return_clause arg_hashref, ITEM

switch_clause arg_hashref, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..

params WHAT

dogfood arg_hashref, ITEM..

normalise_items args, default_type, seen_types, seen_items, ITEM..

C_constant arg_hashref, ITEM.., name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre, def_post, utf8, weight

BUGS
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Constant::Utils - helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE

C_stringify NAME

perl_stringify NAME

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Constant::XS - generate C code for XS modules' constants.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
@EXPORT
FUNCTIONS

xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)

EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there

SYNOPSIS
VERSION
DESCRIPTION

_chmod($$;$), _warnonce(@), _choke(@)

_move_file_at_boot( $file, $target, $moan )

_unlink_or_rename( $file, $tryhard, $installing )

Functions

_get_install_skip

_have_write_access

_can_write_dir($dir)

_mkpath($dir,$show,$mode,$verbose,$dry_run)

_copy($from,$to,$verbose,$dry_run)

_chdir($from)

install

_do_cleanup

install_rooted_file( $file ), install_rooted_dir( $dir )

forceunlink( $file, $tryhard )

directory_not_empty( $dir )

install_default DISCOURAGED

uninstall

inc_uninstall($filepath,$libdir,$verbose,$dry_run,$ignore,$results)

run_filter($cmd,$src,$dest)

pm_to_blib

_autosplit

_invokant

ENVIRONMENT

PERL_INSTALL_ROOT, EU_INSTALL_IGNORE_SKIP, EU_INSTALL_SITE_SKIPFILE, EU_INSTALL_ALWAYS_COPY

AUTHOR
LICENSE

ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
METHODS

new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), packlist(), version()

EXAMPLE
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For dynamic extensions at load time

EXTRALIBS
LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
BSLOADLIBS
PORTABILITY
VMS implementation
Win32 implementation
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MM_AIX - AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Cross-platform helper methods
Targets
Init methods
Tools
File::Spec wrappers
Misc
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

os_flavor

init_linker

ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

os_flavor

cflags

replace_manpage_separator

init_linker

maybe_command

dynamic_lib

all_target

ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods

os_flavor

replace_manpage_separator

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_Darwin - special behaviors for OS X

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overriden Methods

ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

os_flavor

init_platform, platform_constants

const_cccmd

static_lib

dynamic_lib

ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

init_dist

init_linker

os_flavor

ExtUtils::MM_QNX - QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods

os_flavor

replace_manpage_separator

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Methods

os_flavor

c_o (o)

cflags (o)

const_cccmd (o)

const_config (o)

const_loadlibs (o)

constants (o)

depend (o)

init_DEST

init_dist

dist (o)

dist_basics (o)

dist_ci (o)

dist_core (o)

dist_target

tardist_target

zipdist_target

tarfile_target

zipfile_target

uutardist_target

shdist_target

dlsyms (o)

dynamic_bs (o)

dynamic_lib (o)

exescan

extliblist

find_perl

fixin

force (o)

guess_name

has_link_code

init_dirscan

init_MANPODS

init_MAN1PODS

init_MAN3PODS

init_PM

init_DIRFILESEP

init_main

init_tools

init_linker

init_lib2arch

init_PERL

init_platform, platform_constants

init_PERM

init_xs

install (o)

installbin (o)

linkext (o)

lsdir

macro (o)

makeaperl (o)

makefile (o)

maybe_command

needs_linking (o)

parse_abstract

parse_version

pasthru (o)

perl_script

perldepend (o)

pm_to_blib

post_constants (o)

post_initialize (o)

postamble (o)

ppd

prefixify

processPL (o)

quote_paren

replace_manpage_separator

cd

oneliner

quote_literal

escape_newlines

max_exec_len

static (o)

static_lib (o)

staticmake (o)

subdir_x (o)

subdirs (o)

test (o)

test_via_harness (override)

test_via_script (override)

tool_xsubpp (o)

all_target

top_targets (o)

writedoc

xs_c (o)

xs_cpp (o)

xs_o (o)

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods always loaded

wraplist

Methods

guess_name (override)

find_perl (override)

_fixin_replace_shebang (override)

maybe_command (override)

pasthru (override)

pm_to_blib (override)

perl_script (override)

replace_manpage_separator

init_DEST

init_DIRFILESEP

init_main (override)

init_tools (override)

init_others (override)

init_platform (override)

platform_constants

init_VERSION (override)

constants (override)

special_targets

cflags (override)

const_cccmd (override)

tools_other (override)

init_dist (override)

c_o (override)

xs_c (override)

xs_o (override)

dlsyms (override)

dynamic_lib (override)

static_lib (override)

extra_clean_files

zipfile_target, tarfile_target, shdist_target

install (override)

perldepend (override)

makeaperl (override)

maketext_filter (override)

prefixify (override)

cd

oneliner

echo

quote_literal

escape_dollarsigns

escape_all_dollarsigns

escape_newlines

max_exec_len

init_linker

catdir (override), catfile (override)

eliminate_macros

fixpath

os_flavor

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::MM_VOS - VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods

dlsyms

replace_manpage_separator

maybe_command

init_DIRFILESEP

init_tools

init_others

init_platform, platform_constants

constants

special_targets

static_lib

dynamic_lib

extra_clean_files

init_linker

perl_script

xs_o

pasthru

arch_check (override)

oneliner

cd

max_exec_len

os_flavor

cflags

ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods

xs_c

xs_cpp

xs_o

max_exec_len

os_flavor

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
How To Write A Makefile.PL
Default Makefile Behaviour
make test
make testdb
make install
INSTALL_BASE
PREFIX and LIB attribute
AFS users
Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
Which architecture dependent directory?
Using Attributes and Parameters

ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, BUILD_REQUIRES, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, CONFIGURE, CONFIGURE_REQUIRES, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLSITESCRIPT, INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORSCRIPT, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LICENSE, LINKTYPE, MAKE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, META_ADD, META_MERGE, MIN_PERL_VERSION, MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_MYMETA, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_DIR, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION

Additional lowercase attributes

clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean, test, tool_autosplit

Overriding MakeMaker Methods
The End Of Cargo Cult Programming

MAN3PODS => ' '

Hintsfile support
Distribution Support
 make distcheck,    make skipcheck,	 make distclean,    make manifest, 
make distdir,   make disttest,    make tardist,    make dist,    make
uutardist,    make shdist,    make zipdist,    make ci
Module Meta-Data (META and MYMETA)
Disabling an extension
Other Handy Functions

prompt

ENVIRONMENT

PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, PERL_CORE

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
LICENSE

ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config - Wrapper around Config.pm

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About MakeMaker

DESCRIPTION
Module Installation

How do I install a module into my home directory?, How do I get MakeMaker and Module::Build to install to the same place?, How do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module without installing it?, PREFIX vs INSTALL_BASE from Module::Build::Cookbook

Philosophy and History

Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What is Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft

Module Writing

How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's this META.yml thing and how did it get in my MANIFEST?!, How do I delete everything not in my MANIFEST?, Which tar should I use on Windows?, Which zip should I use on Windows for '[nd]make zipdist'?

XS

How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same directory?

PATCHING
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The Mantra
The Layout

Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP, bin/

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions

mkmanifest

manifind

manicheck

filecheck

fullcheck

skipcheck

maniread

maniskip

manicopy

maniadd

MANIFEST
MANIFEST.SKIP

#!include_default, #!include /Path/to/another/manifest.skip

EXPORT_OK
GLOBAL VARIABLES
DIAGNOSTICS

Not in MANIFEST: file, Skipping file, No such file: file, MANIFEST: $!, Added to MANIFEST: file

ENVIRONMENT

PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic extension

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME

AUTHOR
REVISION

mkfh()

__find_relocations

ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
FUNCTIONS

new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()

EXAMPLE
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::ParseXS - converts Perl XS code into C code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
FUNCTIONS

process_file(), C++, hiertype, except, typemap, prototypes, versioncheck, linenumbers, optimize, inout, argtypes, s, errors()

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::ParseXS::Constants - Initialization values for some globals

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::ParseXS::Utilities - Subroutines used with ExtUtils::ParseXS

SYNOPSIS
SUBROUTINES
standard_typemap_locations()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

trim_whitespace()

Purpose, Argument, Return Value

tidy_type()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

C_string()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

valid_proto_string()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

process_typemaps()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

make_targetable()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

map_type()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

standard_XS_defs()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

assign_func_args()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

analyze_preprocessor_statements()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

set_cond()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

current_line_number()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

Warn()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

blurt()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

death()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

check_conditional_preprocessor_statements()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

escape_file_for_line_directive()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

report_typemap_failure

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

ExtUtils::Typemaps - Read/Write/Modify Perl/XS typemap files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
file
add_typemap
add_inputmap
add_outputmap
add_string
remove_typemap
remove_inputmap
remove_inputmap
get_typemap
get_inputmap
get_outputmap
write
as_string
as_embedded_typemap
merge
is_empty
list_mapped_ctypes
_get_typemap_hash
_get_inputmap_hash
_get_outputmap_hash
_get_prototype_hash
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Typemaps::Cmd - Quick commands for handling typemaps

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
embeddable_typemap
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Typemaps::InputMap - Entry in the INPUT section of a typemap

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
code
xstype
cleaned_code
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Typemaps::OutputMap - Entry in the OUTPUT section of a typemap

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
code
xstype
cleaned_code
targetable
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Typemaps::Type - Entry in the TYPEMAP section of a typemap

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
proto
xstype
ctype
tidy_ctype
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::XSSymSet - keep sets of symbol names palatable to the VMS linker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

new([$maxlen[,$silent]]), addsym($name[,$maxlen[,$silent]]), trimsym($name[,$maxlen[,$silent]]), delsym($name), get_orig($trimmed), get_trimmed($name), all_orig(), all_trimmed()

AUTHOR
REVISION

ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Fatal - Replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die

SYNOPSIS
BEST PRACTICE
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS

Bad subroutine name for Fatal: %s, %s is not a Perl subroutine, %s is neither a builtin, nor a Perl subroutine, Cannot make the non-overridable %s fatal, Internal error: %s

BUGS
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
EXPORTED SYMBOLS

File::Basename - Parse file paths into directory, filename and suffix.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

fileparse

basename

dirname

fileparse_set_fstype

SEE ALSO

File::CheckTree - run many filetest checks on a tree

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
HISTORY

File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
RETURN
AUTHOR

File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

copy , move , syscopy , rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])

RETURN
AUTHOR

File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS (by request only)
BUGS
AUTHOR
HISTORY
SEE ALSO

File::Fetch - A generic file fetching mechanism

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ACCESSORS

$ff->uri, $ff->scheme, $ff->host, $ff->vol, $ff->share, $ff->path, $ff->file

$ff->output_file

METHODS
$ff = File::Fetch->new( uri => 'http://some.where.com/dir/file.txt' );
$where = $ff->fetch( [to => /my/output/dir/ | \$scalar] )
$ff->error([BOOL])
HOW IT WORKS
GLOBAL VARIABLES
$File::Fetch::FROM_EMAIL
$File::Fetch::USER_AGENT
$File::Fetch::FTP_PASSIVE
$File::Fetch::TIMEOUT
$File::Fetch::WARN
$File::Fetch::DEBUG
$File::Fetch::BLACKLIST
$File::Fetch::METHOD_FAIL
MAPPING
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
So how do I use a proxy with File::Fetch?
I used 'lynx' to fetch a file, but its contents is all wrong!
Files I'm trying to fetch have reserved characters or non-ASCII characters in them. What do I do?
TODO

Implement $PREFER_BIN

BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

find, finddepth

%options

wanted, bydepth, preprocess, postprocess, follow, follow_fast, follow_skip, dangling_symlinks, no_chdir, untaint, untaint_pattern, untaint_skip

The wanted function

$File::Find::dir is the current directory name,, $_ is the current filename within that directory, $File::Find::name is the complete pathname to the file

WARNINGS
CAVEAT

$dont_use_nlink, symlinks

BUGS AND CAVEATS
HISTORY
SEE ALSO

File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
META CHARACTERS
EXPORTS
POSIX FLAGS

GLOB_ERR, GLOB_LIMIT, GLOB_MARK, GLOB_NOCASE, GLOB_NOCHECK, GLOB_NOSORT, GLOB_BRACE, GLOB_NOMAGIC, GLOB_QUOTE, GLOB_TILDE, GLOB_CSH, GLOB_ALPHASORT

DIAGNOSTICS

GLOB_NOSPACE, GLOB_ABEND

NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

File::GlobMapper - Extend File Glob to Allow Input and Output Files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Behind The Scenes
Limitations
Input File Glob

~, ~user, ., *, ?, \, [], {,}, ()

Output File Glob

"*", #1

Returned Data
EXAMPLES
A Rename script
A few example globmaps
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

File::Path - Create or remove directory trees

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

make_path( $dir1, $dir2, .... ), make_path( $dir1, $dir2, ...., \%opts ), mode => $num, verbose => $bool, error => \$err, owner => $owner, user => $owner, uid => $owner, group => $group, mkpath( $dir ), mkpath( $dir, $verbose, $mode ), mkpath( [$dir1, $dir2,...], $verbose, $mode ), mkpath( $dir1, $dir2,..., \%opt ), remove_tree( $dir1, $dir2, .... ), remove_tree( $dir1, $dir2, ...., \%opts ), verbose => $bool, safe => $bool, keep_root => $bool, result => \$res, error => \$err, rmtree( $dir ), rmtree( $dir, $verbose, $safe ), rmtree( [$dir1, $dir2,...], $verbose, $safe ), rmtree( $dir1, $dir2,..., \%opt )

ERROR HANDLING

NOTE:

NOTES
DIAGNOSTICS

mkdir [path]: [errmsg] (SEVERE), No root path(s) specified, No such file or directory, cannot fetch initial working directory: [errmsg], cannot stat initial working directory: [errmsg], cannot chdir to [dir]: [errmsg], directory [dir] changed before chdir, expected dev=[n] ino=[n], actual dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting. (FATAL), cannot make directory [dir] read+writeable: [errmsg], cannot read [dir]: [errmsg], cannot reset chmod [dir]: [errmsg], cannot remove [dir] when cwd is [dir], cannot chdir to [parent-dir] from [child-dir]: [errmsg], aborting. (FATAL), cannot stat prior working directory [dir]: [errmsg], aborting. (FATAL), previous directory [parent-dir] changed before entering [child-dir], expected dev=[n] ino=[n], actual dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting. (FATAL), cannot make directory [dir] writeable: [errmsg], cannot remove directory [dir]: [errmsg], cannot restore permissions of [dir] to [0nnn]: [errmsg], cannot make file [file] writeable: [errmsg], cannot unlink file [file]: [errmsg], cannot restore permissions of [file] to [0nnn]: [errmsg], unable to map [owner] to a uid, ownership not changed");, unable to map [group] to a gid, group ownership not changed

SEE ALSO
BUGS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
LICENSE

File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

canonpath , catdir , catfile , curdir , devnull , rootdir , tmpdir , updir , no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path , join , splitpath , splitdir , catpath(), abs2rel , rel2abs()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

canonpath

file_name_is_absolute

tmpdir (override)

case_tolerant

COPYRIGHT

File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

canonpath()

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Exports
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

canonpath

catdir()

catfile

curdir

devnull

rootdir

tmpdir

updir

file_name_is_absolute

path

splitpath

splitdir

catpath

abs2rel

rel2abs

AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

tmpdir, splitpath

COPYRIGHT

File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

canonpath()

catdir()

catfile

curdir

devnull

rootdir

tmpdir

updir

no_upwards

case_tolerant

file_name_is_absolute

path

join

splitpath

splitdir

catpath()

abs2rel

rel2abs()

COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

canonpath (override)

catdir (override)

catfile (override)

curdir (override)

devnull (override)

rootdir (override)

tmpdir (override)

updir (override)

case_tolerant (override)

path (override)

file_name_is_absolute (override)

splitpath (override)

splitdir (override)

catpath (override)

abs2rel (override)

rel2abs (override)

COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

devnull

tmpdir

case_tolerant

file_name_is_absolute

catfile

canonpath

splitpath

splitdir

catpath

Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely

PORTABILITY
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OBJECT-ORIENTED INTERFACE

new

newdir

filename

dirname, unlink_on_destroy

DESTROY

FUNCTIONS

tempfile

tempdir

MKTEMP FUNCTIONS

mkstemp

mkstemps

mkdtemp

mktemp

POSIX FUNCTIONS

tmpnam

tmpfile

ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS

tempnam

UTILITY FUNCTIONS

unlink0

cmpstat

unlink1

cleanup

PACKAGE VARIABLES

safe_level, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH

TopSystemUID

$KEEP_ALL, $DEBUG

WARNING
Temporary files and NFS
Forking
Directory removal
BINMODE
HISTORY
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
ERRORS

-%s is not implemented on a File::stat object

WARNINGS

File::stat ignores use filetest 'access', File::stat ignores VMS ACLs

NOTE
AUTHOR

FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR

CAVEATS
BUGS

FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines

SEE ALSO

Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The Problem
A Solution
Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
All-in-one interface
Filtering only specific components of source code

"code", "code_no_comments", "executable", "executable_no_comments", "quotelike", "string", "regex", "all"

Filtering only the code parts of source code
Using Filter::Simple with an explicit import subroutine
Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
How it works
AUTHOR
CONTACT

Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
use Filter::Util::Call
import()
filter() and anonymous sub

$_, $status, filter_read and filter_read_exact, filter_del

EXAMPLES
Example 1: A simple filter.
Example 2: Using the context
Example 3: Using the context within the filter
Example 4: Using filter_del
Filter::Simple
AUTHOR
DATE

FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
KNOWN ISSUES
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AVAILABILITY
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Command Line Options, an Introduction
Getting Started with Getopt::Long
Simple options
A little bit less simple options
Mixing command line option with other arguments
Options with values
Options with multiple values
Options with hash values
User-defined subroutines to handle options
Options with multiple names
Case and abbreviations
Summary of Option Specifications

!, +, s, i, o, f, : type [ desttype ], : number [ desttype ], : + [ desttype ]

Advanced Possibilities
Object oriented interface
Thread Safety
Documentation and help texts
Parsing options from an arbitrary array
Parsing options from an arbitrary string
Storing options values in a hash
Bundling
The lonesome dash
Argument callback
Configuring Getopt::Long

default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always (default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help (default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, prefix_pattern, long_prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)

Exportable Methods

VersionMessage, -message, -msg, -exitval, -output, HelpMessage

Return values and Errors
Legacy
Default destinations
Alternative option starters
Configuration variables
Tips and Techniques
Pushing multiple values in a hash option
Troubleshooting
GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not supplied
GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
AUTHOR

Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches with switch clustering

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
--help and --version

HTTP::Tiny - A small, simple, correct HTTP/1.1 client

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
get|head|put|post|delete
post_form
mirror
request
www_form_urlencode
LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code
AUTHORS

Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Restricted hashes

lock_keys, unlock_keys

lock_keys_plus

lock_value, unlock_value

lock_hash, unlock_hash

lock_hash_recurse, unlock_hash_recurse

hash_unlocked

legal_keys, hidden_keys, all_keys, hash_seed

hv_store

Operating on references to hashes.

lock_ref_keys, unlock_ref_keys, lock_ref_keys_plus, lock_ref_value, unlock_ref_value, lock_hashref, unlock_hashref, lock_hashref_recurse, unlock_hashref_recurse, hash_ref_unlocked, legal_ref_keys, hidden_ref_keys

CAVEATS
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Hash::Util::FieldHash - Support for Inside-Out Classes

SYNOPSIS
FUNCTIONS

id, id_2obj, register, idhash, idhashes, fieldhash, fieldhashes

DESCRIPTION
The Inside-out Technique
Problems of Inside-out
Solutions
More Problems
The Generic Object
How to use Field Hashes
Garbage-Collected Hashes
EXAMPLES

init(), first(), last(), name(), Name_hash, Name_id, Name_idhash, Name_id_reg, Name_idhash_reg, Name_fieldhash

Example 1
Example 2
GUTS
The PERL_MAGIC_uvar interface for hashes
Weakrefs call uvar magic
How field hashes work
Internal function Hash::Util::FieldHash::_fieldhash
AUTHOR

I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current locale

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language tags

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

the function is_language_tag($lang1)

the function extract_language_tags($whatever)

the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)

the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)

the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)

the function super_languages($lang1)

the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)

the function encode_language_tag($lang1)

the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)

the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)

the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... )

ABOUT LOWERCASING
ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
AUTHOR

I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
ENVIRONMENT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
AUTHOR

I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
LIST OF LANGUAGES

{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} : Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} : Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English (ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan, {lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban (Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan, {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, {nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} : Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon} : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages], {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} : Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} : Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} : Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh} : Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} : Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

I18N::Langinfo - query locale information

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

IO - load various IO modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DEPRECATED

IO::Compress::Base - Base Class for IO::Compress modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Compress::Bzip2 - Write bzip2 files/buffers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
bzip2 $input => $output [, OPTS]

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters

AutoClose => 0|1, BinModeIn => 0|1, Append => 0|1

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options

AutoClose => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, BlockSize100K => number, WorkFactor => number, Strict => 0|1

Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
Importing

:all

EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Compress::Deflate - Write RFC 1950 files/buffers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
deflate $input => $output [, OPTS]

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters

AutoClose => 0|1, BinModeIn => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options

AutoClose => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, Merge => 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, Strict => 0|1

Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
deflateParams
Importing

:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy

EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Compress::FAQ -- Frequently Asked Questions about IO::Compress

DESCRIPTION
GENERAL
Compatibility with Unix compress/uncompress.
Accessing .tar.Z files
How do I recompress using a different compression?
ZIP
What Compression Types do IO::Compress::Zip & IO::Uncompress::Unzip support?

Store (method 0), Deflate (method 8), Bzip2 (method 12), Lzma (method 14)

Can I Read/Write Zip files larger the 4 Gig?
Zip Resources
GZIP
Gzip Resources
ZLIB
Zlib Resources
HTTP & NETWORK
Apache::GZip Revisited
Compressed files and Net::FTP
MISC
Using InputLength to uncompress data embedded in a larger file/buffer.
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Compress::Gzip - Write RFC 1952 files/buffers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
gzip $input => $output [, OPTS]

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters

AutoClose => 0|1, BinModeIn => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options

AutoClose => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, Merge => 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, Minimal => 0|1, Comment => $comment, Name => $string, Time => $number, TextFlag => 0|1, HeaderCRC => 0|1, OS_Code => $value, ExtraField => $data, ExtraFlags => $value, Strict => 0|1

Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
deflateParams
Importing

:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy

EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Compress::RawDeflate - Write RFC 1951 files/buffers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
rawdeflate $input => $output [, OPTS]

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters

AutoClose => 0|1, BinModeIn => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options

AutoClose => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, Merge => 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, Strict => 0|1

Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
deflateParams
Importing

:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy

EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Compress::Zip - Write zip files/buffers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
zip $input => $output [, OPTS]

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters

AutoClose => 0|1, BinModeIn => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options

AutoClose => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, Name => $string, CanonicalName => 0|1, FilterName => sub { ... }, Time => $number, ExtAttr => $attr, exTime => [$atime, $mtime, $ctime], exUnix2 => [$uid, $gid], exUnixN => [$uid, $gid], Comment => $comment, ZipComment => $comment, Method => $method, Stream => 0|1, Zip64 => 0|1, TextFlag => 0|1, ExtraFieldLocal => $data =item ExtraFieldCentral => $data, Minimal => 1|0, BlockSize100K => number, WorkFactor => number, Preset => number, Extreme => 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, Strict => 0|1

Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
deflateParams
Importing

:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy, :zip_method

EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile

METHODS

open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode( [LAYER] )

NOTE
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )

METHODS

$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint

NOTE
SEE ALSO
BUGS
HISTORY

IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [READER, WRITER] )

METHODS

reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), $io->tell

SEE ALSO
HISTORY

IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ HANDLES ] )

METHODS

add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )

EXAMPLE
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), getsockopt(LEVEL, OPT), setsockopt(LEVEL, OPT, VAL), socktype, timeout([VAL])

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost ()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

hostpath(), peerpath()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate - Uncompress zlib-based (zip, gzip) file/buffer

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

RFC 1950, RFC 1951 (optionally), gzip (RFC 1952), zip

Functional Interface
anyinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters

AutoClose => 0|1, BinModeOut => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, MultiStream => 0|1, TrailingData => $scalar

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options

AutoClose => 0|1, MultiStream => 0|1, Prime => $string, Transparent => 0|1, BlockSize => $num, InputLength => $size, Append => 0|1, Strict => 0|1, RawInflate => 0|1, ParseExtra => 0|1 If the gzip FEXTRA header field is present and this option is set, it will force the module to check that it conforms to the sub-field structure as defined in RFC 1952

Examples
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing

:all

EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress - Uncompress gzip, zip, bzip2 or lzop file/buffer

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

RFC 1950, RFC 1951 (optionally), gzip (RFC 1952), zip, bzip2, lzop, lzf, lzma, xz

Functional Interface
anyuncompress $input => $output [, OPTS]

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters

AutoClose => 0|1, BinModeOut => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, MultiStream => 0|1, TrailingData => $scalar

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options

AutoClose => 0|1, MultiStream => 0|1, Prime => $string, Transparent => 0|1, BlockSize => $num, InputLength => $size, Append => 0|1, Strict => 0|1, RawInflate => 0|1, UnLzma => 0|1

Examples
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing

:all

EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Uncompress::Base - Base Class for IO::Uncompress modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2 - Read bzip2 files/buffers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
bunzip2 $input => $output [, OPTS]

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters

AutoClose => 0|1, BinModeOut => 0|1, Append => 0|1, MultiStream => 0|1, TrailingData => $scalar

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options

AutoClose => 0|1, MultiStream => 0|1, Prime => $string, Transparent => 0|1, BlockSize => $num, InputLength => $size, Append => 0|1, Strict => 0|1, Small => 0|1

Examples
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing

:all

EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Uncompress::Gunzip - Read RFC 1952 files/buffers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
gunzip $input => $output [, OPTS]

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters

AutoClose => 0|1, BinModeOut => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, MultiStream => 0|1, TrailingData => $scalar

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options

AutoClose => 0|1, MultiStream => 0|1, Prime => $string, Transparent => 0|1, BlockSize => $num, InputLength => $size, Append => 0|1, Strict => 0|1, ParseExtra => 0|1 If the gzip FEXTRA header field is present and this option is set, it will force the module to check that it conforms to the sub-field structure as defined in RFC 1952

Examples
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo

Name, Comment

tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing

:all

EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Uncompress::Inflate - Read RFC 1950 files/buffers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
inflate $input => $output [, OPTS]

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters

AutoClose => 0|1, BinModeOut => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, MultiStream => 0|1, TrailingData => $scalar

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options

AutoClose => 0|1, MultiStream => 0|1, Prime => $string, Transparent => 0|1, BlockSize => $num, InputLength => $size, Append => 0|1, Strict => 0|1

Examples
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing

:all

EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Uncompress::RawInflate - Read RFC 1951 files/buffers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
rawinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters

AutoClose => 0|1, BinModeOut => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, MultiStream => 0|1, TrailingData => $scalar

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options

AutoClose => 0|1, MultiStream => 0|1, Prime => $string, Transparent => 0|1, BlockSize => $num, InputLength => $size, Append => 0|1, Strict => 0|1

Examples
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing

:all

EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Uncompress::Unzip - Read zip files/buffers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
unzip $input => $output [, OPTS]

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters

AutoClose => 0|1, BinModeOut => 0|1, Append => 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, MultiStream => 0|1, TrailingData => $scalar

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor

A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options

Name => "membername", AutoClose => 0|1, MultiStream => 0|1, Prime => $string, Transparent => 0|1, BlockSize => $num, InputLength => $size, Append => 0|1, Strict => 0|1

Examples
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing

:all

EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
Walking through a zip file
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY

IO::Zlib - IO:: style interface to Compress::Zlib

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

OBJECT METHODS

open ( FILENAME, MODE ), opened, close, getc, getline, getlines, print ( ARGS... ), read ( BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET] ), eof, seek ( OFFSET, WHENCE ), tell, setpos ( POS ), getpos ( POS )

USING THE EXTERNAL GZIP
CLASS METHODS

has_Compress_Zlib, gzip_external, gzip_used, gzip_read_open, gzip_write_open

DIAGNOSTICS

IO::Zlib::getlines: must be called in list context, IO::Zlib::gzopen_external: mode '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: ':gzip_external' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read_open' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read' '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: no Compress::Zlib and no external gzip, IO::Zlib::open: needs a filename, IO::Zlib::READ: NBYTES must be specified, IO::Zlib::WRITE: too long LENGTH

SEE ALSO
HISTORY
COPYRIGHT

IPC::Cmd - finding and running system commands made easy

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CLASS METHODS
$ipc_run_version = IPC::Cmd->can_use_ipc_run( [VERBOSE] )
$ipc_open3_version = IPC::Cmd->can_use_ipc_open3( [VERBOSE] )
$bool = IPC::Cmd->can_capture_buffer
$bool = IPC::Cmd->can_use_run_forked
FUNCTIONS
$path = can_run( PROGRAM );
$ok | ($ok, $err, $full_buf, $stdout_buff, $stderr_buff) = run( command => COMMAND, [verbose => BOOL, buffer => \$SCALAR, timeout => DIGIT] );

command, verbose, buffer, timeout, success, error message, full_buffer, out_buffer, error_buffer

$hashref = run_forked( COMMAND, { child_stdin => SCALAR, timeout => DIGIT, stdout_handler => CODEREF, stderr_handler => CODEREF} );

timeout, child_stdin, stdout_handler, stderr_handler, discard_output, terminate_on_parent_sudden_death, exit_code, timeout, stdout, stderr, merged, err_msg

$q = QUOTE
HOW IT WORKS
Global Variables
$IPC::Cmd::VERBOSE
$IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN
$IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_OPEN3
$IPC::Cmd::WARN
$IPC::Cmd::INSTANCES
$IPC::Cmd::ALLOW_NULL_ARGS
Caveats

Whitespace and IPC::Open3 / system(), Whitespace and IPC::Run, IO Redirect, Interleaving STDOUT/STDERR

See Also
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, FLAGS ] ), stat

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

IPC::Open2 - open a process for both reading and writing using open2()

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
WARNING
SEE ALSO

IPC::Open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error handling using open3()

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
See Also

IPC::Open2, IPC::Run

WARNING

IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N , VALUE ), stat

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

IPC::SharedMem - SysV Shared Memory IPC object class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

new ( KEY , SIZE , FLAGS ), id, read ( POS, SIZE ), write ( STRING, POS, SIZE ), remove, is_removed, stat, attach ( [FLAG] ), detach, addr

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

IPC::SysV - System V IPC constants and system calls

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ftok( PATH ), ftok( PATH, ID ), shmat( ID, ADDR, FLAG ), shmdt( ADDR ), memread( ADDR, VAR, POS, SIZE ), memwrite( ADDR, STRING, POS, SIZE )

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

JSON::PP - JSON::XS compatible pure-Perl module.

SYNOPSIS
VERSION
NOTE
DESCRIPTION
FEATURES

correct unicode handling, round-trip integrity, strict checking of JSON correctness

FUNCTIONAL INTERFACE
encode_json
decode_json
JSON::PP::is_bool
JSON::PP::true
JSON::PP::false
JSON::PP::null
HOW DO I DECODE A DATA FROM OUTER AND ENCODE TO OUTER
METHODS
new
ascii
latin1
utf8
pretty
indent
space_before
space_after
relaxed

list items can have an end-comma, shell-style '#'-comments

canonical
allow_nonref
allow_unknown
allow_blessed
convert_blessed
filter_json_object
filter_json_single_key_object
shrink
max_depth
max_size
encode
decode
decode_prefix
INCREMENTAL PARSING
incr_parse
incr_text
incr_skip
incr_reset
JSON::PP OWN METHODS
allow_singlequote
allow_barekey
allow_bignum
loose
escape_slash
indent_length
sort_by
INTERNAL

PP_encode_box, PP_decode_box

MAPPING
JSON -> PERL

object, array, string, number, true, false, null

PERL -> JSON

hash references, array references, other references, JSON::PP::true, JSON::PP::false, JSON::PP::null, blessed objects, simple scalars, Big Number

UNICODE HANDLING ON PERLS
Perl 5.8 and later
Perl 5.6
Perl 5.005
TODO

speed, memory saving

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

JSON::PP::Boolean - dummy module providing JSON::PP::Boolean

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST

KNOWN BUGS
SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

List::Util::XS - Indicate if List::Util was compiled with a C compiler

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes - a distribution of modules to handle locale codes

DESCRIPTION

Locale::Codes::Country, Locale::Country, Locale::Codes::Language, Locale::Language, Locale::Codes::Currency, Locale::Currency, Locale::Codes::Script, Locale::Script, Locale::Codes::LangExt, Locale::Codes::LangVar, Locale::Codes::LangFam, Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::Constants, Locale::Codes::Country_codes, Locale::Codes::Language_codes, Locale::Codes::Currency_codes, Locale::Codes::Script_codes, Locale::Codes::LangExt_codes, Locale::Codes::LangVar_codes, Locale::Codes::LangFam_codes

NEW CODE SETS

General-use code set, An official source of data, A free source of the data, A reliable source of data

COMMON ALIASES
DEPRECATED CODES
SEE ALSO

Locale::Codes::API, Locale::Codes::Country, Locale::Codes::Language, Locale::Codes::Script, Locale::Codes::Currency, Locale::Codes::Changes

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::API - a description of the callable function in each module

DESCRIPTION
ROUTINES

code2XXX ( CODE [,CODESET] [,'retired'] ), XXX2code ( NAME [,CODESET] [,'retired'] ), XXX_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_XXX_codes ( [CODESET] [,'retired'] ), all_XXX_names ( [CODESET] [,'retired'] )

SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES

MODULE::rename_XXX ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ), MODULE::add_XXX ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ), MODULE::delete_XXX ( CODE [,CODESET] ), MODULE::add_XXX_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ), MODULE::delete_XXX_alias ( NAME ), MODULE::rename_XXX_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), MODULE::add_XXX_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), MODULE::delete_XXX_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS

*, *

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Changes - details changes to Locale::Codes

SYNOPSIS
VERSION 3.22 (yyyy-mm-dd; sbeck)
VERSION 3.21 (2012-03-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.20 (2011-12-01; sbeck)

Added limited support for deprecated codes, Fixed capitalization, Pod tests off by default, Codesets may be specified by name, alias_code deprecated, Code cleanup, Added LangFam module

VERSION 3.18 (2011-08-31; sbeck)

No longer use CIA data

VERSION 3.17 (2011-06-28; sbeck)

Added new types of codes, Added new codeset(s), Bug fixes, Reorganized code

VERSION 3.16 (2011-03-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.15 (2010-12-02; sbeck)

Minor fixes

VERSION 3.14 (2010-09-28; sbeck)

Bug fixes

VERSION 3.13 (2010-06-04; sbeck)
VERSION 3.12 (2010-04-06; sbeck)

Reorganized code

VERSION 3.11 (2010-03-01; sbeck)

Added new codeset(s), Bug fixes

VERSION 3.10 (2010-02-18; sbeck)

Reorganized code, (!) Changed XXX_code2code behavior slightly, Added many semi-private routines, New aliases

VERSION 3.01 (2010-02-15; sbeck)

Fixed Makefile.PL and Build.PL

VERSION 3.00 (2010-02-10; sbeck)

New maintainer, (*) (!) All codes are generated from standards, Added new codeset(s), (*) (!) Locale::Script changed, Added missing functions, (!) Dropped support for _alias_code, (!) All functions return the standard value, (!) rename_country function altered

VERSION 2.07 (2004-06-10; neilb)
VERSION 2.06 (2002-07-15; neilb)
VERSION 2.05 (2002-07-08; neilb)
VERSION 2.04 (2002-05-23; neilb)
VERSION 2.03 (2002-03-24; neilb)
VERSION 2.02 (2002-03-09; neilb)
VERSION 2.01 (2002-02-18; neilb)
VERSION 2.00 (2002-02-17; neilb)
VERSION 1.06 (2001-03-04; neilb)
VERSION 1.05 (2001-02-13; neilb)
VERSION 1.04 (2000-12-21; neilb)
VERSION 1.03 (2000-12-??; neilb)
VERSION 1.02 (2000-05-04; neilb)
VERSION 1.00 (1998-03-09; neilb)
VERSION 0.003 (1997-05-09; neilb)
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Constants - constants for Locale codes

DESCRIPTION
KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Country - standard codes for country identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS

alpha-2, LOCALE_CODE_ALPHA_2, alpha-3, LOCALE_CODE_ALPHA_3, numeric, LOCALE_CODE_NUMERIC, fips-10, LOCALE_CODE_FIPS, dom, LOCALE_CODE_DOM

ROUTINES

code2country ( CODE [,CODESET] ), country2code ( NAME [,CODESET] ), country_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_country_codes ( [CODESET] ), all_country_names ( [CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Country::rename_country ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Country::add_country ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Country::delete_country ( CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Country::add_country_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ), Locale::Codes::Country::delete_country_alias ( NAME ), Locale::Codes::Country::rename_country_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Country::add_country_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Country::delete_country_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] ), alias_code ( ALIAS, CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO

Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, Locale::SubCountry, http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes, http://www.iso.org/iso/list-en1-semic-3.txt, http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49alpha.htm, http://earth-info.nga.mil/gns/html/digraphs.htm, http://www.iana.org/domains/, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/prin t_appendix-d.html, http://www.statoids.com/wab.html

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Country_Codes - country codes for the Locale::Codes::Country module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Country_Retired - retired country codes for the Locale::Codes::Country module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Currency - standard codes for currency identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS

alpha, LOCALE_CURR_ALPHA, num, LOCALE_CURR_NUMERIC

ROUTINES

code2currency ( CODE [,CODESET] ), currency2code ( NAME [,CODESET] ), currency_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_currency_codes ( [CODESET] ), all_currency_names ( [CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Currency::rename_currency ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Currency::add_currency ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Currency::delete_currency ( CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Currency::add_currency_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ), Locale::Codes::Currency::delete_currency_alias ( NAME ), Locale::Codes::Currency::rename_currency_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Currency::add_currency_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Currency::delete_currency_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO

Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, http://www.iso.org/iso/support/currency_codes_list-1.htm

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Currency_Codes - currency codes for the Locale::Codes::Currency module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Currency_Retired - retired currency codes for the Locale::Codes::Currency module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangExt - standard codes for language extension identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS

alpha

ROUTINES

code2langext ( CODE [,CODESET] ), langext2code ( NAME [,CODESET] ), langext_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_langext_codes ( [CODESET] ), all_langext_names ( [CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangExt::rename_langext ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangExt::add_langext ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangExt::delete_langext ( CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangExt::add_langext_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ), Locale::Codes::LangExt::delete_langext_alias ( NAME ), Locale::Codes::LangExt::rename_langext_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangExt::add_langext_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangExt::delete_langext_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO

Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangExt_Codes - langext codes for the Locale::Codes::LangExt module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangExt_Retired - retired langext codes for the Locale::Codes::LangExt module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangFam - standard codes for language extension identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS

alpha

ROUTINES

code2langfam ( CODE [,CODESET] ), langfam2code ( NAME [,CODESET] ), langfam_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_langfam_codes ( [CODESET] ), all_langfam_names ( [CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangFam::rename_langfam ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangFam::add_langfam ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangFam::delete_langfam ( CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangFam::add_langfam_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ), Locale::Codes::LangFam::delete_langfam_alias ( NAME ), Locale::Codes::LangFam::rename_langfam_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangFam::add_langfam_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangFam::delete_langfam_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO

Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-5/id.php

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangFam_Codes - langfam codes for the Locale::Codes::LangFam module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangFam_Retired - retired langfam codes for the Locale::Codes::LangFam module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangVar - standard codes for language variation identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS

alpha

ROUTINES

code2langvar ( CODE [,CODESET] ), langvar2code ( NAME [,CODESET] ), langvar_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_langvar_codes ( [CODESET] ), all_langvar_names ( [CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangVar::rename_langvar ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangVar::add_langvar ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangVar::delete_langvar ( CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangVar::add_langvar_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ), Locale::Codes::LangVar::delete_langvar_alias ( NAME ), Locale::Codes::LangVar::rename_langvar_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangVar::add_langvar_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangVar::delete_langvar_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO

Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangVar_Codes - langvar codes for the Locale::Codes::LangVar module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangVar_Retired - retired langvar codes for the Locale::Codes::LangVar module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Language - standard codes for language identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS

alpha-2, LOCALE_LANG_ALPHA_2, alpha-3, LOCALE_LANG_ALPHA_3, term, LOCALE_LANG_TERM

ROUTINES

code2language ( CODE [,CODESET] ), language2code ( NAME [,CODESET] ), language_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_language_codes ( [CODESET] ), all_language_names ( [CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Language::rename_language ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Language::add_language ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Language::delete_language ( CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Language::add_language_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ), Locale::Codes::Language::delete_language_alias ( NAME ), Locale::Codes::Language::rename_language_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Language::add_language_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Language::delete_language_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO

Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/, http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-5/, http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Language_Codes - language codes for the Locale::Codes::Language module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Language_Retired - retired language codes for the Locale::Codes::Language module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Script - standard codes for script identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS

alpha, LOCALE_SCRIPT_ALPHA, num, LOCALE_SCRIPT_NUMERIC

ROUTINES

code2script ( CODE [,CODESET] ), script2code ( NAME [,CODESET] ), script_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_script_codes ( [CODESET] ), all_script_names ( [CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Script::rename_script ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Script::add_script ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Script::delete_script ( CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Script::add_script_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ), Locale::Codes::Script::delete_script_alias ( NAME ), Locale::Codes::Script::rename_script_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Script::add_script_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Script::delete_script_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO

Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/, http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Script_Codes - script codes for the Locale::Codes::Script module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Script_Retired - retired script codes for the Locale::Codes::Script module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Country - standard codes for country identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS

alpha-2, LOCALE_CODE_ALPHA_2, alpha-3, LOCALE_CODE_ALPHA_3, numeric, LOCALE_CODE_NUMERIC, fips-10, LOCALE_CODE_FIPS, dom, LOCALE_CODE_DOM

ROUTINES

code2country ( CODE [,CODESET] ), country2code ( NAME [,CODESET] ), country_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_country_codes ( [CODESET] ), all_country_names ( [CODESET] ), Locale::Country::rename_country ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Country::add_country ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Country::delete_country ( CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Country::add_country_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ), Locale::Country::delete_country_alias ( NAME ), Locale::Country::rename_country_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Country::add_country_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Country::delete_country_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] ), alias_code ( ALIAS, CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO

Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, Locale::SubCountry, http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes, http://www.iso.org/iso/list-en1-semic-3.txt, http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49alpha.htm, http://earth-info.nga.mil/gns/html/digraphs.htm, http://www.iana.org/domains/, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/prin t_appendix-d.html, http://www.statoids.com/wab.html

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Currency - standard codes for currency identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS

alpha, LOCALE_CURR_ALPHA, num, LOCALE_CURR_NUMERIC

ROUTINES

code2currency ( CODE [,CODESET] ), currency2code ( NAME [,CODESET] ), currency_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_currency_codes ( [CODESET] ), all_currency_names ( [CODESET] ), Locale::Currency::rename_currency ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Currency::add_currency ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Currency::delete_currency ( CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Currency::add_currency_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ), Locale::Currency::delete_currency_alias ( NAME ), Locale::Currency::rename_currency_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Currency::add_currency_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Currency::delete_currency_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO

Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, http://www.iso.org/iso/support/currency_codes_list-1.htm

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Language - standard codes for language identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS

alpha-2, LOCALE_LANG_ALPHA_2, alpha-3, LOCALE_LANG_ALPHA_3, term, LOCALE_LANG_TERM

ROUTINES

code2language ( CODE [,CODESET] ), language2code ( NAME [,CODESET] ), language_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_language_codes ( [CODESET] ), all_language_names ( [CODESET] ), Locale::Language::rename_language ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Language::add_language ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Language::delete_language ( CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Language::add_language_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ), Locale::Language::delete_language_alias ( NAME ), Locale::Language::rename_language_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Language::add_language_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Language::delete_language_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO

Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/, http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-5/, http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Maketext - framework for localization

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
QUICK OVERVIEW
METHODS
Construction Methods
The "maketext" Method

$lh->fail_with or $lh->fail_with(PARAM), $lh->failure_handler_auto

Utility Methods

$language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative), $language->numf($number), $language->numerate($number, $singular, $plural, $negative), $language->sprintf($format, @items), $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()

Language Handle Attributes and Internals
LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
BRACKET NOTATION
AUTO LEXICONS
READONLY LEXICONS
CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Locale::Maketext::Cookbook - recipes for using Locale::Maketext

INTRODUCTION
ONESIDED LEXICONS
DECIMAL PLACES IN NUMBER FORMATTING

Locale::Maketext::Guts - Deprecated module to load Locale::Maketext utf8 code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Locale::Maketext::GutsLoader - Deprecated module to load Locale::Maketext utf8 code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Locale::Maketext::Simple - Simple interface to Locale::Maketext::Lexicon

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
Class
Path
Style
Export
Subclass
Decode
Encoding
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
The "MIT" License

Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
The Linguistic View
Breaking gettext
Replacing gettext
Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
Buzzword: Isomorphism
Buzzword: Inheritance
Buzzword: Concision
The Devil in the Details
The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
References

Locale::Script - standard codes for script identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS

alpha, LOCALE_SCRIPT_ALPHA, num, LOCALE_SCRIPT_NUMERIC

ROUTINES

code2script ( CODE [,CODESET] ), script2code ( NAME [,CODESET] ), script_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_script_codes ( [CODESET] ), all_script_names ( [CODESET] ), Locale::Script::rename_script ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Script::add_script ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Script::delete_script ( CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Script::add_script_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ), Locale::Script::delete_script_alias ( NAME ), Locale::Script::rename_script_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Script::add_script_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Script::delete_script_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO

Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/, http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Log::Message - A generic message storing mechanism;

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Hierarchy

Log::Message, Log::Message::Item, Log::Message::Handlers, Log::Message::Config

Options

config, private, verbose, tag, level, remove, chrono

Methods
new
store

message, tag, level, extra

retrieve

tag, level, message, amount, chrono, remove

first
last
flush
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
Acknowledgements
COPYRIGHT

Log::Message::Config - Configuration options for Log::Message

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
Acknowledgements
COPYRIGHT

Log::Message::Handlers - Message handlers for Log::Message

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Default Handlers
log
carp
croak
cluck
confess
die
warn
trace
Custom Handlers
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
Acknowledgements
COPYRIGHT

Log::Message::Item - Message objects for Log::Message

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods and Accessors
remove
id
when
message
level
tag
shortmess
longmess
parent
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
Acknowledgements
COPYRIGHT

Log::Message::Simple - Simplified interface to Log::Message

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
msg("message string" [,VERBOSE])
debug("message string" [,VERBOSE])
error("error string" [,VERBOSE])
carp();
croak();
confess();
cluck();
CLASS METHODS
Log::Message::Simple->stack()
Log::Message::Simple->stack_as_string([TRACE])
Log::Message::Simple->flush()
GLOBAL VARIABLES

$ERROR_FH, $MSG_FH, $DEBUG_FH, $STACKTRACE_ON_ERROR

MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

encode_base64( $bytes ), encode_base64( $bytes, $eol );, decode_base64( $str ), encode_base64url( $bytes ), decode_base64url( $str ), encoded_base64_length( $bytes ), encoded_base64_length( $bytes, $eol ), decoded_base64_length( $str )

EXAMPLES
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

encode_qp( $str), encode_qp( $str, $eol), encode_qp( $str, $eol, $binmode ), decode_qp( $str )

COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Canonical notation
Output
mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
Accuracy vs. Precision
Rounding

ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )

METHODS
accuracy
precision()
bexp()
bnok()
bpi()
bcos()
bsin()
batan2()
batan()
bmuladd()
Autocreating constants
Math library
Using Math::BigInt::Lite
EXPORTS
BUGS
CAVEATS

stringify, bstr(), bdiv, brsft, Modifying and =, bpow, precision() vs. accuracy()

SEE ALSO
LICENSE
AUTHORS

Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer/float math package

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Input, Output

METHODS
config()
accuracy()
precision()
brsft()
new()
from_oct()
from_hex()
from_bin()
bnan()
bzero()
binf()
bone()
is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
is_pos()/is_neg()/is_positive()/is_negative()
is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
bcmp()
bacmp()
sign()
digit()
bneg()
babs()
bsgn()
bnorm()
bnot()
binc()
bdec()
badd()
bsub()
bmul()
bmuladd()
bdiv()
bmod()
bmodinv()
bmodpow()
bpow()
blog()
bexp()
bnok()
bpi()
bcos()
bsin()
batan2()
batan()
blsft()
brsft()
band()
bior()
bxor()
bnot()
bsqrt()
broot()
bfac()
round()
bround()
bfround()
bfloor()
bceil()
bgcd()
blcm()
exponent()
mantissa()
parts()
copy()
as_int()/as_number()
bstr()
bsstr()
as_hex()
as_bin()
as_oct()
numify()
modify()
upgrade()/downgrade()
div_scale()
round_mode()
ACCURACY and PRECISION
Precision P
Accuracy A
Fallback F
Rounding mode R

'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', 'common', Precision, Accuracy (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage, Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values, Remarks

Infinity and Not a Number

oct()/hex(), log(-inf), exp(), cos(), sin(), atan2()

INTERNALS
MATH LIBRARY
SIGN
mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
EXAMPLES
Autocreating constants
PERFORMANCE
Alternative math libraries
SUBCLASSING
Subclassing Math::BigInt
UPGRADING
Auto-upgrade

bsqrt(), div(), blog(), bexp()

EXPORTS
CAVEATS

bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, bsqrt(), brsft()

LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
THE Math::BigInt API
General Notes
API version 1

api_version(), _new(STR), _zero(), _one(), _two(), _ten(), _from_bin(STR), _from_oct(STR), _from_hex(STR), _add(OBJ1, OBJ2), _mul(OBJ1, OBJ2), _div(OBJ1, OBJ2), _sub(OBJ1, OBJ2, FLAG), _sub(OBJ1, OBJ2), _dec(OBJ), _inc(OBJ), _mod(OBJ1, OBJ2), _sqrt(OBJ), _root(OBJ, N), _fac(OBJ), _pow(OBJ1, OBJ2), _modinv(OBJ1, OBJ2), _modpow(OBJ1, OBJ2, OBJ3), _rsft(OBJ, N, B), _lsft(OBJ, N, B), _log_int(OBJ, B), _gcd(OBJ1, OBJ2), _and(OBJ1, OBJ2), _or(OBJ1, OBJ2), _xor(OBJ1, OBJ2), _is_zero(OBJ), _is_one(OBJ), _is_two(OBJ), _is_ten(OBJ), _is_even(OBJ), _is_odd(OBJ), _acmp(OBJ1, OBJ2), _str(OBJ), _as_bin(OBJ), _as_oct(OBJ), _as_hex(OBJ), _num(OBJ), _copy(OBJ), _len(OBJ), _zeros(OBJ), _digit(OBJ, N), _check(OBJ)

API version 2

_1ex(N), _nok(OBJ1, OBJ2), _alen(OBJ)

API optional methods

_signed_or(OBJ1, OBJ2, SIGN1, SIGN2), _signed_and(OBJ1, OBJ2, SIGN1, SIGN2), _signed_xor(OBJ1, OBJ2, SIGN1, SIGN2)

WRAP YOUR OWN
LICENSE
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
__emu_bxor
__emu_band
__emu_bior
LICENSE
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

Math::BigInt::FastCalc - Math::BigInt::Calc with some XS for more speed

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
STORAGE
METHODS
LICENSE
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

Math::BigRat - Arbitrary big rational numbers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MATH LIBRARY
METHODS
new()
numerator()
denominator()
parts()
numify()
as_int()/as_number()
as_float()
as_hex()
as_bin()
as_oct()
from_hex()/from_bin()/from_oct()
length()
digit()
bnorm()
bfac()
bround()/round()/bfround()
bmod()
bneg()
is_one()
is_zero()
is_pos()/is_positive()
is_neg()/is_negative()
is_int()
is_odd()
is_even()
bceil()
bfloor()
bsqrt()
broot()
badd()/bmul()/bsub()/bdiv()/bdec()/binc()
copy()
bstr()/bsstr()
bacmp()/bcmp()
blsft()/brsft()
bpow()
bexp()
bnok()
config()
objectify()
BUGS

inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer, bmod(), blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial)

LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPERATIONS
CREATION
DISPLAYING
CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
USAGE
CONSTANTS
PI
Inf
ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
LICENSE

Math::Trig - trigonometric functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

tan

ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS

deg2rad, grad2rad, rad2deg, grad2deg, deg2grad, rad2grad, rad2rad, deg2deg, grad2grad

RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
COORDINATE SYSTEMS
3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS

cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian, cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical

GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
great_circle_distance
great_circle_direction
great_circle_bearing
great_circle_destination
great_circle_midpoint
great_circle_waypoint
EXAMPLES
CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
Real-valued asin and acos

asin_real, acos_real

BUGS
AUTHORS
LICENSE

Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DETAILS
OPTIONS
INSTALL
NORMALIZER
SCALAR_CACHE, LIST_CACHE

MEMORY, HASH, TIE, FAULT, MERGE

OTHER FACILITIES
unmemoize
flush_cache
CAVEATS
PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
EXPIRATION SUPPORT
BUGS
MAILING LIST
AUTHOR
THANK YOU

Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for Storable use

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of memoized values

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
INTERFACE
TIEHASH,  EXISTS,  STORE
ALTERNATIVES
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for Storable use

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for Storable use

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database

DESCRIPTION

Module::Build - Build and install Perl modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
GUIDE TO DOCUMENTATION

General Usage (Module::Build), Authoring Reference (Module::Build::Authoring), API Reference (Module::Build::API), Cookbook (Module::Build::Cookbook)

ACTIONS

build, clean, code, config_data, diff, dist, distcheck, distclean, distdir, distinstall, distmeta, distsign, disttest, docs, fakeinstall, help, html, install, installdeps, manifest, manifest_skip, manpages, pardist, ppd, ppmdist, prereq_data, prereq_report, pure_install, realclean, retest, skipcheck, test, testall, testcover, testdb, testpod, testpodcoverage, versioninstall

OPTIONS
Command Line Options

quiet, verbose, cpan_client, use_rcfile, allow_mb_mismatch, debug

Default Options File (.modulebuildrc)
Environment variables

MODULEBUILDRC, PERL_MB_OPT

INSTALL PATHS

lib, arch, script, bin, bindoc, libdoc, binhtml, libhtml, installdirs, install_path, install_base, destdir, prefix

MOTIVATIONS

+, +

TO DO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::API - API Reference for Module Authors

DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTORS

current(), new(), add_to_cleanup, auto_configure_requires, auto_features, autosplit, build_class, build_requires, create_packlist, c_source, conflicts, create_license, create_makefile_pl, create_readme, dist_abstract, dist_author, dist_name, dist_suffix, dist_version, dist_version_from, dynamic_config, extra_compiler_flags, extra_linker_flags, get_options, type, store, default, include_dirs, install_path, installdirs, license, apache, apache_1_1, artistic, artistic_2, bsd, gpl, lgpl, mit, mozilla, open_source, perl, restrictive, unrestricted, meta_add, meta_merge, module_name, needs_compiler, PL_files, pm_files, pod_files, recommends, recursive_test_files, release_status, requires, script_files, share_dir, sign, test_files, use_tap_harness, tap_harness_args, xs_files, new_from_context(%args), resume(), subclass(), add_property, default, check, property_error

METHODS

add_build_element($type), add_to_cleanup(@files), args(), autosplit_file($from, $to), base_dir(), build_requires(), can_action( $action ), cbuilder(), check_installed_status($module, $version), check_installed_version($module, $version), compare_versions($v1, $op, $v2), config($key), config($key, $value), config() [deprecated], config_data($name), config_data($name => $value), conflicts(), contains_pod($file) [deprecated], copy_if_modified(%parameters), create_build_script(), current_action(), depends_on(@actions), dir_contains($first_dir, $second_dir), dispatch($action, %args), dist_dir(), dist_name(), dist_version(), do_system($cmd, @args), feature($name), feature($name => $value), fix_shebang_line(@files), have_c_compiler(), install_base_relpaths(), install_base_relpaths($type), install_base_relpaths($type => $path), install_destination($type), install_path(), install_path($type), install_path($type => $path), install_types(), invoked_action(), notes(), notes($key), notes($key => $value), orig_dir(), os_type(), is_vmsish(), is_windowsish(), is_unixish(), prefix_relpaths(), prefix_relpaths($installdirs), prefix_relpaths($installdirs, $type), prefix_relpaths($installdirs, $type => $path), get_metadata(), prepare_metadata() [deprecated], prereq_failures(), prereq_data(), prereq_report(), prompt($message, $default), recommends(), requires(), rscan_dir($dir, $pattern), runtime_params(), runtime_params($key), script_files(), up_to_date($source_file, $derived_file), up_to_date(\@source_files, \@derived_files), y_n($message, $default)

Autogenerated Accessors

PL_files(), allow_mb_mismatch(), auto_configure_requires(), autosplit(), base_dir(), bindoc_dirs(), blib(), build_bat(), build_class(), build_elements(), build_requires(), build_script(), bundle_inc(), bundle_inc_preload(), c_source(), config_dir(), configure_requires(), conflicts(), cpan_client(), create_license(), create_makefile_pl(), create_packlist(), create_readme(), debug(), debugger(), destdir(), dynamic_config(), get_options(), html_css(), include_dirs(), install_base(), installdirs(), libdoc_dirs(), license(), magic_number(), mb_version(), meta_add(), meta_merge(), metafile(), metafile2(), module_name(), mymetafile(), mymetafile2(), needs_compiler(), orig_dir(), perl(), pm_files(), pod_files(), pollute(), prefix(), prereq_action_types(), program_name(), quiet(), recommends(), recurse_into(), recursive_test_files(), requires(), scripts(), sign(), tap_harness_args(), test_file_exts(), use_rcfile(), use_tap_harness(), verbose(), xs_files()

MODULE METADATA

keywords, resources

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Authoring - Authoring Module::Build modules

DESCRIPTION
STRUCTURE
SUBCLASSING
PREREQUISITES
Types of prerequisites

configure_requires, build_requires, requires, recommends, conflicts

Format of prerequisites
XS Extensions
SAVING CONFIGURATION INFORMATION
STARTING MODULE DEVELOPMENT
AUTOMATION
MIGRATION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Base - Default methods for Module::Build

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Bundling - How to bundle Module::Build with a distribution

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUNDLING OTHER CONFIGURATION DEPENDENCIES
WARNING -- How to Manage Dependency Chains
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Compat - Compatibility with ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

create_makefile_pl($style, $build), traditional, small, passthrough (DEPRECATED), run_build_pl(args => \@ARGV), args, script, write_makefile(), makefile

SCENARIOS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::ConfigData - Configuration for Module::Build

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

config($name), feature($name), set_config($name, $value), set_feature($name, $value), config_names(), feature_names(), auto_feature_names(), write()

AUTHOR

Module::Build::Cookbook - Examples of Module::Build Usage

DESCRIPTION
BASIC RECIPES
Installing modules that use Module::Build
Modifying Config.pm values
Installing modules using the programmatic interface
Installing to a temporary directory
Installing to a non-standard directory
Installing in the same location as ExtUtils::MakeMaker
Running a single test file
ADVANCED RECIPES
Making a CPAN.pm-compatible distribution
Changing the order of the build process
Adding new file types to the build process
Adding new elements to the install process
EXAMPLES ON CPAN
SVN-Notify-Mirror

1. Using auto_features, I check to see whether two optional modules are available - SVN::Notify::Config and Net::SSH;, 2. If the S::N::Config module is loaded, I automatically generate test files for it during Build (using the PL_files property), 3. If the ssh_feature is available, I ask if the user wishes to perform the ssh tests (since it requires a little preliminary setup);, 4. Only if the user has ssh_feature and answers yes to the testing, do I generate a test file

Modifying an action
Adding an action
Bundling Module::Build
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::ModuleInfo - DEPRECATED

DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Notes - Create persistent distribution configuration modules

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Notes, NOTES_NAME - Configuration for MODULE_NAME

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

config($name), feature($name), set_config($name, $value), set_feature($name, $value), config_names(), feature_names(), auto_feature_names(), write()

AUTHOR

Module::Build::PPMMaker - Perl Package Manager file creation

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Platform::Amiga - Builder class for Amiga platforms

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Platform::Default - Stub class for unknown platforms

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Platform::EBCDIC - Builder class for EBCDIC platforms

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Platform::MPEiX - Builder class for MPEiX platforms

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Platform::MacOS - Builder class for MacOS platforms

DESCRIPTION
Overridden Methods

new(), make_executable(), dispatch(), ACTION_realclean()

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Platform::RiscOS - Builder class for RiscOS platforms

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Platform::Unix - Builder class for Unix platforms

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Platform::VMS - Builder class for VMS platforms

DESCRIPTION
Overridden Methods

_set_defaults

cull_args

manpage_separator

prefixify

_quote_args

have_forkpipe

_backticks

find_command

_maybe_command (override)

do_system

oneliner

_infer_xs_spec

rscan_dir

dist_dir

man3page_name

expand_test_dir

_detildefy

find_perl_interpreter

localize_file_path

localize_dir_path

ACTION_clean

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Platform::VOS - Builder class for VOS platforms

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows platforms

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Platform::aix - Builder class for AIX platform

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Platform::cygwin - Builder class for Cygwin platform

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Platform::darwin - Builder class for Mac OS X platform

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Platform::os2 - Builder class for OS/2 platform

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Module::Build::Version - DEPRECATED

DESCRIPTION

Module::Build::YAML - DEPRECATED

DESCRIPTION

Module::CoreList - what modules shipped with versions of perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS API

first_release( MODULE ), first_release_by_date( MODULE ), find_modules( REGEX, [ LIST OF PERLS ] ), find_version( PERL_VERSION ), is_deprecated( MODULE, PERL_VERSION ), removed_from( MODULE ), removed_from_by_date( MODULE ), changes_between( PERL_VERSION, PERL_VERSION )

DATA STRUCTURES

%Module::CoreList::version, %Module::CoreList::released, %Module::CoreList::families, %Module::CoreList::deprecated, %Module::CoreList::upstream, %Module::CoreList::bug_tracker

CAVEATS
HISTORY
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

Module::Load - runtime require of both modules and files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Rules
Caveats
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Module::Load::Conditional - Looking up module information / loading at runtime

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods
$href = check_install( module => NAME [, version => VERSION, verbose => BOOL ] );

module, version, verbose, file, dir, version, uptodate

$bool = can_load( modules => { NAME => VERSION [,NAME => VERSION] }, [verbose => BOOL, nocache => BOOL] )

modules, verbose, nocache

@list = requires( MODULE );
Global Variables
$Module::Load::Conditional::VERBOSE
$Module::Load::Conditional::FIND_VERSION
$Module::Load::Conditional::CHECK_INC_HASH
$Module::Load::Conditional::CACHE
$Module::Load::Conditional::ERROR
$Module::Load::Conditional::DEPRECATED
See Also
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Module::Loaded - mark modules as loaded or unloaded

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
$bool = mark_as_loaded( PACKAGE );
$bool = mark_as_unloaded( PACKAGE );
$loc = is_loaded( PACKAGE );
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Module::Metadata - Gather package and POD information from perl module files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
Class methods

new_from_file($filename, collect_pod => 1), new_from_handle($handle, $filename, collect_pod => 1), new_from_module($module, collect_pod => 1, inc => \@dirs), find_module_by_name($module, \@dirs), find_module_dir_by_name($module, \@dirs), provides( %options ), version (required), dir, files, prefix, package_versions_from_directory($dir, \@files?), log_info (internal)

Object methods

name(), version($package), filename(), packages_inside(), pod_inside(), contains_pod(), pod($section)

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Module::Pluggable - automatically give your module the ability to have plugins

SYNOPSIS
EXAMPLE
DESCRIPTION
ADVANCED USAGE
INNER PACKAGES
OPTIONS
sub_name
search_path
search_dirs
instantiate
require
inner
only
except
package
file_regex
include_editor_junk
METHODs
search_path
FUTURE PLANS
AUTHOR
COPYING
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Module::Pluggable::Object - automatically give your module the ability to have plugins

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
AUTHOR
COPYING
BUGS
SEE ALSO

NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

O_RDONLY, O_WRONLY, O_RDWR

DIAGNOSTICS
ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...
BUGS AND WARNINGS

NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method redispatch

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Enforcing redispatch
Avoiding repetitions
Invoking all versions of a method with a single call
Using EVERY methods
AUTHOR
BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
COPYRIGHT

Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USER METHODS

debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ), dataend ()

CLASS METHODS

debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()

EXPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet

SYNOPSYS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

requires_firewall HOST

NetConfig VALUES

nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts, time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive, ftp_int_passive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists

Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name and domain

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

hostfqdn (), domainname (), hostname (), hostdomain ()

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::FTP - FTP Client class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
CONSTRUCTOR

new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])

METHODS

login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), feature ( NAME ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit ()

Methods for the adventurous

quot (CMD [,ARGS])

THE dataconn CLASS

read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), bytes_read (), abort (), close ()

UNIMPLEMENTED

SMNT, HELP, MODE, SYST, STAT, STRU, REIN

REPORTING BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
USE EXAMPLES

http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/

CREDITS
COPYRIGHT

Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])

METHODS

article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()

Extension methods

newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (), overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath ( MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [ GROUP ] ), reader

UNSUPPORTED
DEFINITIONS

MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, [^]-], *bdc, [0-9a-zA-Z], a??d

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
THE .netrc FILE

machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef name

CONSTRUCTOR

lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])

METHODS

login (), password (), account (), lpa ()

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0

METHODS

auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities (), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()

NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions

Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos ]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack( [ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, $p->port_number([$port_number]), pingecho($host [, $timeout]);

NOTES
INSTALL
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] )

METHODS

banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), quit ()

ADDRESSES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR

Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions

DESCRIPTION
Where to get this document
How to contribute to this document
Disclaimer
Obtaining and installing libnet
What is libnet ?
Which version of perl do I need ?
What other modules do I need ?
What machines support libnet ?
Where can I get the latest libnet release
Using Net::FTP
How do I download files from an FTP server ?
How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server ?
How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside ?
My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP server ?
I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it documented ?
Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
Using Net::SMTP
Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the hostname ?
Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
The verify method always returns true ?
Debugging scripts
How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR

Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR

O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONVENTIONS
IMPLEMENTATION
BUGS
AUTHOR

ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

O_RDONLY, O_WRONLY, O_RDWR

DIAGNOSTICS
odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...
BUGS AND WARNINGS

Object::Accessor - interface to create per object accessors

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
$object = Object::Accessor->new( [ARGS] );
$bool = $object->mk_accessors( @ACCESSORS | \%ACCESSOR_MAP );
@list = $self->ls_accessors;
$ref = $self->ls_allow(KEY)
$bool = $self->mk_aliases( alias => method, [alias2 => method2, ...] );
$clone = $self->mk_clone;
$bool = $self->mk_flush;
$bool = $self->mk_verify;
$bool = $self->register_callback( sub { ... } );
$bool = $self->can( METHOD_NAME )
$val = $self->___get( METHOD_NAME );
$bool = $self->___set( METHOD_NAME => VALUE );
$bool = $self->___alias( ALIAS => METHOD );
LVALUE ACCESSORS
CAVEATS

Allow handlers, Callbacks

GLOBAL VARIABLES
$Object::Accessor::FATAL
$Object::Accessor::DEBUG
TODO
Create read-only accessors
CAVEATS
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
WARNING
Operator Names and Operator Lists

an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname or optag, an operator set (opset)

Opcode Functions

opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET), full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...), define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), opdump (PAT)

Manipulating Opsets
TO DO (maybe)
Predefined Opcode Tags

:base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math, :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open, :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :load, :still_to_be_decided, :dangerous

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
FUNCTIONS

_exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2, atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown, clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime, cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, lchown, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain, tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile, tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc, unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs, wctomb, write

CLASSES
POSIX::SigAction

new, handler, mask, flags, safe

POSIX::SigRt

%SIGRT, SIGRTMIN, SIGRTMAX

POSIX::SigSet

new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember

POSIX::Termios

new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag, getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag, setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field values, c_oflag field values

PATHNAME CONSTANTS

Constants

POSIX CONSTANTS

Constants

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

Constants

ERRNO

Constants

FCNTL

Constants

FLOAT

Constants

LIMITS

Constants

LOCALE

Constants

MATH

Constants

SIGNAL

Constants

STAT

Constants, Macros

STDLIB

Constants

STDIO

Constants

TIME

Constants

UNISTD

Constants

WAIT

Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED, WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG

Package::Constants - List all constants declared in a package

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CLASS METHODS
@const = Package::Constants->list( PACKAGE_NAME );
GLOBAL VARIABLES
$Package::Constants::DEBUG
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Params::Check - A generic input parsing/checking mechanism.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Template

default, required, strict_type, defined, no_override, store, allow

Functions
check( \%tmpl, \%args, [$verbose] );

Template, Arguments, Verbose

allow( $test_me, \@criteria );

string, regexp, subroutine, array ref

last_error()
Global Variables
$Params::Check::VERBOSE
$Params::Check::STRICT_TYPE
$Params::Check::ALLOW_UNKNOWN
$Params::Check::STRIP_LEADING_DASHES
$Params::Check::NO_DUPLICATES
$Params::Check::PRESERVE_CASE
$Params::Check::ONLY_ALLOW_DEFINED
$Params::Check::SANITY_CHECK_TEMPLATE
$Params::Check::WARNINGS_FATAL
$Params::Check::CALLER_DEPTH
Acknowledgements
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Parse::CPAN::Meta - Parse META.yml and META.json CPAN metadata files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
load_file
load_yaml_string
load_json_string
yaml_backend
json_backend
FUNCTIONS
Load
LoadFile
ENVIRONMENT
PERL_JSON_BACKEND
PERL_YAML_BACKEND
SUPPORT
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Perl::OSType - Map Perl operating system names to generic types

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
os_type()
is_os_type()
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* name space

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

:unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32

Custom Layers

:encoding, :mmap, :via

Alternatives to raw
Defaults and how to override them
Querying the layers of filehandles
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

PerlIO::mmap - Memory mapped IO

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
IMPLEMENTATION NOTE

PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
IMPLEMENTATION NOTE

PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPECTED METHODS

$class->PUSHED([$mode,[$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), $obj->UTF8($belowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode,[$fh]), $obj->BINMODE([$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd,[$fh]), $obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh), $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh), $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh), $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)

EXAMPLES
Example - a Hexadecimal Handle

PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
REQUIRED MODULES
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
COPYRIGHT

Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors

SYNOPSIS
OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
podchecker()

-warnings => val

DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS
Errors

empty =headn, =over on line N without closing =back, =item without previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification, Apparent command =foo not preceded by blank line, unresolved internal link NAME, Unknown command "CMD", Unknown interior-sequence "SEQ", nested commands CMD<...CMD<...>...>, garbled entity STRING, Entity number out of range, malformed link L<>, nonempty Z<>, empty X<>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious

Warnings

multiple occurrence of link target name, line containing nothing but whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (one vs. two), N unescaped <> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headn without preceding higher level

ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page' deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /

RETURN VALUE
EXAMPLES
INTERFACE

Pod::Checker->new( %options )

$checker->poderror( @args ), $checker->poderror( {%opts}, @args )

$checker->num_errors()

$checker->num_warnings()

$checker->name()

$checker->node()

$checker->idx()

$checker->hyperlink()

AUTHOR

Pod::Escapes -- for resolving Pod E<...> sequences

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
GOODIES

e2char($e_content), e2charnum($e_content), $Name2character{name}, $Name2character_number{name}, $Latin1Code_to_fallback{integer}, $Latin1Char_to_fallback{character}, $Code2USASCII{integer}

CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )

-verbose => 1, -perl => 1, -script => 1, -inc => 1

simplify_name( $str )
pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )

-inc => 1, -dirs => [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ], -verbose => 1

contains_pod( $file , $verbose )
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
pod2html

backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, infile, outfile, poderrors, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, title, verbose

htmlify
anchorify
ENVIRONMENT
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs, commands, etc.

SYNOPSIS
REQUIRES
EXPORTS
DESCRIPTION

package Pod::InputSource, package Pod::Paragraph, package Pod::InteriorSequence, package Pod::ParseTree

Pod::InputSource
new()
name()
handle()
was_cutting()
Pod::Paragraph
Pod::Paragraph->new()
$pod_para->cmd_name()
$pod_para->text()
$pod_para->raw_text()
$pod_para->cmd_prefix()
$pod_para->cmd_separator()
$pod_para->parse_tree()
$pod_para->file_line()
Pod::InteriorSequence
Pod::InteriorSequence->new()
$pod_seq->cmd_name()
$pod_seq->prepend()
$pod_seq->append()
$pod_seq->nested()
$pod_seq->raw_text()
$pod_seq->left_delimiter()
$pod_seq->right_delimiter()
$pod_seq->parse_tree()
$pod_seq->file_line()
Pod::InteriorSequence::DESTROY()
Pod::ParseTree
Pod::ParseTree->new()
$ptree->top()
$ptree->children()
$ptree->prepend()
$ptree->append()
$ptree->raw_text()
Pod::ParseTree::DESTROY()
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OBJECT METHODS

initialize

Data Accessors

AddPreamble

AddPostamble

Head1Level

Label

LevelNoNum

MakeIndex

ReplaceNAMEwithSection

StartWithNewPage

TableOfContents

UniqueLabels

UserPreamble

UserPostamble

Lists

Subclassed methods

begin_pod

end_pod

command

verbatim

textblock

interior_sequence

List Methods

begin_list

end_list

add_item

Methods for headings

head

Internal methods

_output

_replace_special_chars

_replace_special_chars_late

_create_label

_create_index

_clean_latex_commands

_split_delimited

NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
REVISION

Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes, release, section, stderr, utf8

DIAGNOSTICS

roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid quote specification "%s"

BUGS
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Pod::List

Pod::List->new()

$list->file()

$list->start()

$list->indent()

$list->type()

$list->rx()

$list->item()

$list->parent()

$list->tag()

Pod::Hyperlink->new()

$link->parse($string)

$link->markup($string)

$link->text()

$link->warning()

$link->file(), $link->line()

$link->page()

$link->node()

$link->alttext()

$link->type()

$link->link()

Pod::Cache

Pod::Cache->new()

$cache->item()

$cache->find_page($name)

Pod::Cache::Item

Pod::Cache::Item->new()

$cacheitem->page()

$cacheitem->description()

$cacheitem->path()

$cacheitem->file()

$cacheitem->nodes()

$cacheitem->find_node($name)

$cacheitem->idx()

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators

SYNOPSIS
REQUIRES
EXPORTS
DESCRIPTION
QUICK OVERVIEW
PARSING OPTIONS

-want_nonPODs (default: unset), -process_cut_cmd (default: unset), -warnings (default: unset)

command()

$cmd, $text, $line_num, $pod_para

verbatim()

$text, $line_num, $pod_para

textblock()

$text, $line_num, $pod_para

interior_sequence()
OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
new()
initialize()
begin_pod()
begin_input()
end_input()
end_pod()
preprocess_line()
preprocess_paragraph()
METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
parse_text()

-expand_seq => code-ref|method-name, -expand_text => code-ref|method-name, -expand_ptree => code-ref|method-name

interpolate()
parse_paragraph()
parse_from_filehandle()
parse_from_file()
ACCESSOR METHODS
errorsub()
cutting()
parseopts()
output_file()
output_handle()
input_file()
input_handle()
input_streams()
top_stream()
PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
_push_input_stream()
_pop_input_stream()
TREE-BASED PARSING
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE

Pod::Perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::BaseTo - Base for Pod::Perldoc formatters

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO - Customized option parser for Pod::Perldoc

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Call Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO::getopts($object, \@ARGV, $truth), Given -n, if there's a opt_n_with, it'll call $object->opt_n_with( ARGUMENT ) (e.g., "-n foo" => $object->opt_n_with('foo'). Ditto "-nfoo"), Otherwise (given -n) if there's an opt_n, we'll call it $object->opt_n($truth) (Truth defaults to 1), Otherwise we try calling $object->handle_unknown_option('n') (and we increment the error count by the return value of it), If there's no handle_unknown_option, then we just warn, and then increment the error counter

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToANSI - render Pod with ANSI color escapes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToTerm - render Pod with terminal escapes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

alt, indent, loose, sentence, width

DIAGNOSTICS

Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s, Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back

RESTRICTIONS
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from input

SYNOPSIS
REQUIRES
EXPORTS
DESCRIPTION
SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
OBJECT METHODS
curr_headings()
select()
add_selection()
clear_selections()
match_section()
is_selected()
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
podselect()

-output, -sections, -ranges

PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
_compile_section_spec()
$self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
$self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Simple - framework for parsing Pod

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MAIN METHODS

$parser = SomeClass->new();, $parser->output_fh( *OUT );, $parser->output_string( \$somestring );, $parser->parse_file( $some_filename );, $parser->parse_file( *INPUT_FH );, $parser->parse_string_document( $all_content );, $parser->parse_lines( ...@lines..., undef );, $parser->content_seen, SomeClass->filter( $filename );, SomeClass->filter( *INPUT_FH );, SomeClass->filter( \$document_content );

SECONDARY METHODS

$parser->no_whining( SOMEVALUE ), $parser->no_errata_section( SOMEVALUE ), $parser->complain_stderr( SOMEVALUE ), $parser->source_filename, $parser->doc_has_started, $parser->source_dead, $parser->strip_verbatim_indent( SOMEVALUE )

TERTIARY METHODS

$parser->abandon_output_fh(), $parser->abandon_output_string(), $parser->accept_code( @codes ), $parser->accept_codes( @codes ), $parser->accept_directive_as_data( @directives ), $parser->accept_directive_as_processed( @directives ), $parser->accept_directive_as_verbatim( @directives ), $parser->accept_target( @targets ), $parser->accept_target_as_text( @targets ), $parser->accept_targets( @targets ), $parser->accept_targets_as_text( @targets ), $parser->any_errata_seen(), $parser->parse_from_file( $source, $to ), $parser->scream( @error_messages ), $parser->unaccept_code( @codes ), $parser->unaccept_codes( @codes ), $parser->unaccept_directive( @directives ), $parser->unaccept_directives( @directives ), $parser->unaccept_target( @targets ), $parser->unaccept_targets( @targets ), $parser->version_report(), $parser->whine( @error_messages )

CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org, Gabor Szabo szabgab@gmail.com, Shawn H Corey SHCOREY at cpan.org

Pod::Simple::Checker -- check the Pod syntax of a document

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::Debug -- put Pod::Simple into trace/debug mode

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
GUTS
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::DumpAsText -- dump Pod-parsing events as text

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML -- turn Pod into XML

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::HTML - convert Pod to HTML

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CALLING FROM THE COMMAND LINE
CALLING FROM PERL
Minimal code
More detailed example
METHODS
html_css
html_javascript
title_prefix
title_postfix
html_header_before_title
html_h_level
index
html_header_after_title
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch - convert several Pod files to several HTML files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FROM THE COMMAND LINE
MAIN METHODS

$batchconv = Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch->new;, $batchconv->batch_convert( indirs, outdir );, $batchconv->batch_convert( undef , ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( q{@INC}, ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( \@dirs , ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( "somedir" , ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( 'somedir:someother:also' , ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( ... , undef );, $batchconv->batch_convert( ... , 'somedir' );

ACCESSOR METHODS

$batchconv->verbose( nonnegative_integer );, $batchconv->index( true-or-false );, $batchconv->contents_file( filename );, $batchconv->contents_page_start( HTML_string );, $batchconv->contents_page_end( HTML_string );, $batchconv->add_css( $url );, $batchconv->add_javascript( $url );, $batchconv->css_flurry( true-or-false );, $batchconv->javascript_flurry( true-or-false );, $batchconv->no_contents_links( true-or-false );, $batchconv->html_render_class( classname );, $batchconv->search_class( classname );

NOTES ON CUSTOMIZATION
ASK ME!
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::Methody -- turn Pod::Simple events into method calls

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHOD CALLING
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::PullParser -- a pull-parser interface to parsing Pod

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

my $token = $parser->get_token, $parser->unget_token( $token ), $parser->unget_token( $token1, $token2, ... ), $parser->set_source( $filename ), $parser->set_source( $filehandle_object ), $parser->set_source( \$document_source ), $parser->set_source( \@document_lines ), $parser->parse_file(...), $parser->parse_string_document(...), $parser->filter(...), $parser->parse_from_file(...), my $title_string = $parser->get_title, my $title_string = $parser->get_short_title, $author_name = $parser->get_author, $description_name = $parser->get_description, $version_block = $parser->get_version

NOTE
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken -- end-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$token->tagname, $token->tagname(somestring), $token->tag(...), $token->is_tag(somestring) or $token->is_tagname(somestring)

SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken -- start-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$token->tagname, $token->tagname(somestring), $token->tag(...), $token->is_tag(somestring) or $token->is_tagname(somestring), $token->attr(attrname), $token->attr(attrname, newvalue), $token->attr_hash

SEE ALSO
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken -- text-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$token->text, $token->text(somestring), $token->text_r()

SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::PullParserToken -- tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$token->type, $token->is_start, $token->is_text, $token->is_end, $token->dump

SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::RTF -- format Pod as RTF

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FORMAT CONTROL ATTRIBUTES

$parser->head1_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->head2_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->head3_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->head4_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->codeblock_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->header_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->normal_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->no_proofing_exemptions( true_or_false );, $parser->doc_lang( microsoft_decimal_language_code )

SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::Search - find POD documents in directory trees

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
ACCESSORS

$search->inc( true-or-false );, $search->verbose( nonnegative-number );, $search->limit_glob( some-glob-string );, $search->callback( \&some_routine );, $search->laborious( true-or-false );, $search->shadows( true-or-false );, $search->limit_re( some-regxp );, $search->dir_prefix( some-string-value );, $search->progress( some-progress-object );, $name2path = $self->name2path;, $path2name = $self->path2name;

MAIN SEARCH METHODS
$search->survey( @directories )

name2path, path2name

$search->simplify_name( $str )
$search->find( $pod )
$search->find( $pod, @search_dirs )
$self->contains_pod( $file )
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::SimpleTree -- parse Pod into a simple parse tree

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Tree Contents
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::Subclassing -- write a formatter as a Pod::Simple subclass

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Events

$parser->_handle_element_start( element_name, attr_hashref ), $parser->_handle_element_end( element_name ), $parser->_handle_text( text_string ), events with an element_name of Document, events with an element_name of Para, events with an element_name of B, C, F, or I, events with an element_name of S, events with an element_name of X, events with an element_name of L, events with an element_name of E or Z, events with an element_name of Verbatim, events with an element_name of head1 .. head4, events with an element_name of over-bullet, events with an element_name of over-number, events with an element_name of over-text, events with an element_name of over-block, events with an element_name of over-empty, events with an element_name of item-bullet, events with an element_name of item-number, events with an element_name of item-text, events with an element_name of for, events with an element_name of Data

More Pod::Simple Methods

$parser->accept_targets( SOMEVALUE ), $parser->accept_targets_as_text( SOMEVALUE ), $parser->accept_codes( Codename, Codename... ), $parser->accept_directive_as_data( directive_name ), $parser->accept_directive_as_verbatim( directive_name ), $parser->accept_directive_as_processed( directive_name ), $parser->nbsp_for_S( BOOLEAN );, $parser->version_report(), $parser->pod_para_count(), $parser->line_count(), $parser->nix_X_codes( SOMEVALUE ), $parser->merge_text( SOMEVALUE ), $parser->code_handler( CODE_REF ), $parser->cut_handler( CODE_REF ), $parser->pod_handler( CODE_REF ), $parser->whiteline_handler( CODE_REF ), $parser->whine( linenumber, complaint string ), $parser->scream( linenumber, complaint string ), $parser->source_dead(1), $parser->hide_line_numbers( SOMEVALUE ), $parser->no_whining( SOMEVALUE ), $parser->no_errata_section( SOMEVALUE ), $parser->complain_stderr( SOMEVALUE ), $parser->bare_output( SOMEVALUE ), $parser->preserve_whitespace( SOMEVALUE ), $parser->parse_empty_lists( SOMEVALUE )

SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::Text -- format Pod as plaintext

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::TextContent -- get the text content of Pod

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::XHTML -- format Pod as validating XHTML

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Minimal code
METHODS
perldoc_url_prefix
perldoc_url_postfix
man_url_prefix
man_url_postfix
title_prefix, title_postfix
html_css
html_javascript
html_doctype
html_charset
html_header_tags
html_h_level
default_title
force_title
index
anchor_items
SUBCLASSING
handle_text
accept_targets_as_html
idify
batch_mode_page_object_init
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream -- turn Pod into XML

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
ABOUT EXTENDING POD
ASK ME!
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR

Allison Randal allison@perl.org, Hans Dieter Pearcey hdp@cpan.org, David E. Wheeler dwheeler@cpan.org

Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, stderr, utf8, width

DIAGNOSTICS

Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Invalid quote specification "%s"

BUGS
CAVEATS
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Text::Overstrike, =for stopwords overstrike

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format escapes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod documentation

SYNOPSIS
ARGUMENTS

-message, -msg, -exitval, -verbose, -sections, -output, -input, -pathlist, -noperldoc

Pass-through options
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
SEE ALSO

SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

O_RDONLY, O_WRONLY, O_RDWR

DIAGNOSTICS
sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...
BUGS AND WARNINGS

Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

a new namespace, an operator mask

WARNING
METHODS
permit (OP, ...)
permit_only (OP, ...)
deny (OP, ...)
deny_only (OP, ...)
trap (OP, ...)
untrap (OP, ...)
share (NAME, ...)
share_from (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF)
varglob (VARNAME)
reval (STRING, STRICT)
rdo (FILENAME)
root (NAMESPACE)
mask (MASK)
wrap_code_ref (CODEREF)
wrap_code_refs_within (...)
RISKS

Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes

AUTHOR

Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR, looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR, set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF

DIAGNOSTICS

Weak references are not implemented in the version of perl, Vstrings are not implemented in the version of perl, NAME is only available with the XS version of Scalar::Util

KNOWN BUGS
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

Search::Dict - look - search for key in dictionary file

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

SelfLoader - load functions only on demand

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The __DATA__ token
SelfLoader autoloading
Autoloading and package lexicals
SelfLoader and AutoLoader
__DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
Classes and inherited methods.
Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
AUTHOR

Socket, Socket - networking constants and support functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTANTS
PF_INET, PF_INET6, PF_UNIX, ...
AF_INET, AF_INET6, AF_UNIX, ...
SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_RAW, ...
SOL_SOCKET
SO_ACCEPTCONN, SO_BROADCAST, SO_ERROR, ...
IP_OPTIONS, IP_TOS, IP_TTL, ...
MSG_BCAST, MSG_OOB, MSG_TRUNC, ...
SHUT_RD, SHUT_RDWR, SHUT_WR
INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST, INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE
IPPROTO_IP, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPPROTO_TCP, ...
TCP_CORK, TCP_KEEPALIVE, TCP_NODELAY, ...
IN6ADDR_ANY, IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK
IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, IPV6_MTU, IPV6_V6ONLY, ...
STRUCTURE MANIPULATORS
$family = sockaddr_family $sockaddr
$sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_in $port, $ip_address
($port, $ip_address) = unpack_sockaddr_in $sockaddr
$sockaddr = sockaddr_in $port, $ip_address
($port, $ip_address) = sockaddr_in $sockaddr
$sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_in6 $port, $ip6_address, [$scope_id, [$flowinfo]]
($port, $ip6_address, $scope_id, $flowinfo) = unpack_sockaddr_in6 $sockaddr
$sockaddr = sockaddr_in6 $port, $ip6_address, [$scope_id, [$flowinfo]]
($port, $ip6_address, $scope_id, $flowinfo) = sockaddr_in6 $sockaddr
$sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_un $path
($path) = unpack_sockaddr_un $sockaddr
$sockaddr = sockaddr_un $path
($path) = sockaddr_un $sockaddr
$ipv6_mreq = pack_ipv6_mreq $ip6_address, $ifindex
($ip6_address, $ifindex) = unpack_ipv6_mreq $ipv6_mreq
FUNCTIONS
$ip_address = inet_aton $string
$string = inet_ntoa $ip_address
$address = inet_pton $family, $string
$string = inet_ntop $family, $address
($err, @result) = getaddrinfo $host, $service, [$hints]

flags => INT, family => INT, socktype => INT, protocol => INT, family => INT, socktype => INT, protocol => INT, addr => STRING, canonname => STRING, AI_PASSIVE, AI_CANONNAME, AI_NUMERICHOST

($err, $hostname, $servicename) = getnameinfo $sockaddr, [$flags, [$xflags]]

NI_NUMERICHOST, NI_NUMERICSERV, NI_NAMEREQD, NI_DGRAM, NIx_NOHOST, NIx_NOSERV

getaddrinfo() / getnameinfo() ERROR CONSTANTS

EAI_AGAIN, EAI_BADFLAGS, EAI_FAMILY, EAI_NODATA, EAI_NONAME, EAI_SERVICE

EXAMPLES
Lookup for connect()
Making a human-readable string out of an address
Resolving hostnames into IP addresses
Accessing socket options
AUTHOR

Storable - persistence for Perl data structures

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MEMORY STORE
ADVISORY LOCKING
SPEED
CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
CODE REFERENCES
FORWARD COMPATIBILITY

utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable

ERROR REPORTING
WIZARDS ONLY
Hooks

STORABLE_freeze obj, cloning, STORABLE_thaw obj, cloning, serialized, .., STORABLE_attach class, cloning, serialized

Predicates

Storable::last_op_in_netorder, Storable::is_storing, Storable::is_retrieving

Recursion
Deep Cloning
Storable magic

$info = Storable::file_magic( $filename ), version, version_nv, major, minor, hdrsize, netorder, byteorder, intsize, longsize, ptrsize, nvsize, file, $info = Storable::read_magic( $buffer ), $info = Storable::read_magic( $buffer, $must_be_file )

EXAMPLES
WARNING
BUGS
64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
CREDITS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS

Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS
FUNCTIONS

openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility), syslog($priority, $message), syslog($priority, $format, @args), Note, setlogmask($mask_priority), setlogsock(), Note, closelog()

THE RULES OF SYS::SYSLOG
EXAMPLES
CONSTANTS
Facilities
Levels
DIAGNOSTICS

Invalid argument passed to setlogsock, eventlog passed to setlogsock, but no Win32 API available, no connection to syslog available, stream passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable, stream passed to setlogsock, but could not find any device, tcp passed to setlogsock, but tcp service unavailable, syslog: expecting argument %s, syslog: invalid level/facility: %s, syslog: too many levels given: %s, syslog: too many facilities given: %s, syslog: level must be given, udp passed to setlogsock, but udp service unavailable, unix passed to setlogsock, but path not available

HISTORY
SEE ALSO
Manual Pages
RFCs
Articles
Event Log
AUTHORS & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
BUGS
SUPPORT

AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request tracker, Search CPAN, Kobes' CPAN Search, Perl Documentation

COPYRIGHT
LICENSE

TAP::Base - Base class that provides common functionality to TAP::Parser and TAP::Harness

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods

TAP::Formatter::Base - Base class for harness output delegates

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods

verbosity, verbose, timer, failures, comments, quiet, really_quiet, silent, errors, directives, stdout, color, jobs, show_count

TAP::Formatter::Color - Run Perl test scripts with color

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods

TAP::Formatter::Console - Harness output delegate for default console output

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
open_test

TAP::Formatter::Console::ParallelSession - Harness output delegate for parallel console output

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods

TAP::Formatter::Console::Session - Harness output delegate for default console output

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
clear_for_close
close_test
result

TAP::Formatter::File - Harness output delegate for file output

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
open_test

TAP::Formatter::File::Session - Harness output delegate for file output

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
result
close_test

TAP::Formatter::Session - Abstract base class for harness output delegate

VERSION
METHODS
Class Methods

formatter, parser, name, show_count

TAP::Harness - Run test scripts with statistics

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods

verbosity, timer, failures, comments, show_count, normalize, lib, switches, test_args, color, exec, merge, sources, aggregator_class, version, formatter_class, multiplexer_class, parser_class, scheduler_class, formatter, errors, directives, ignore_exit, jobs, rules, stdout, trap

Instance Methods

the source name of a test to run, a reference to a [ source name, display name ] array

CONFIGURING
Plugins
Module::Build
ExtUtils::MakeMaker
prove
WRITING PLUGINS

Customize how TAP gets into the parser, Customize how TAP results are output from the parser

SUBCLASSING
Methods

"new", "runtests", "summary"

REPLACING
SEE ALSO

TAP::Object - Base class that provides common functionality to all TAP::* modules

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods

TAP::Parser - Parse TAP output

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods

source, tap, exec, sources, callback, switches, test_args, spool, merge, grammar_class, result_factory_class, iterator_factory_class

Instance Methods
INDIVIDUAL RESULTS
Result types

Version, Plan, Pragma, Test, Comment, Bailout, Unknown

Common type methods
plan methods
pragma methods
bailout methods
unknown methods
test methods
TOTAL RESULTS
Individual Results
Pragmas
Summary Results
ignore_exit

Misplaced plan, No plan, More than one plan, Test numbers out of sequence

CALLBACKS

test, version, plan, comment, bailout, yaml, unknown, ELSE, ALL, EOF

TAP GRAMMAR
BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY
Differences

TODO plans, 'Missing' tests

SUBCLASSING
Parser Components

option 1, option 2

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Michael Schwern, Andy Lester, chromatic, GEOFFR, Shlomi Fish, Torsten Schoenfeld, Jerry Gay, Aristotle, Adam Kennedy, Yves Orton, Adrian Howard, Sean & Lil, Andreas J. Koenig, Florian Ragwitz, Corion, Mark Stosberg, Matt Kraai, David Wheeler, Alex Vandiver, Cosimo Streppone, Ville Skyttä

AUTHORS
BUGS

TAP::Parser::Aggregator - Aggregate TAP::Parser results

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
Summary methods

failed, parse_errors, passed, planned, skipped, todo, todo_passed, wait, exit

Failed tests, Parse errors, Bad exit or wait status

See Also

TAP::Parser::Grammar - A grammar for the Test Anything Protocol.

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
TAP GRAMMAR
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Iterator - Base class for TAP source iterators

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Iterator::Array - Iterator for array-based TAP sources

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
ATTRIBUTION
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Iterator::Process - Iterator for process-based TAP sources

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
ATTRIBUTION
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Iterator::Stream - Iterator for filehandle-based TAP sources

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
ATTRIBUTION
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory - Figures out which SourceHandler objects to use for a given Source

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
AUTHORS
ATTRIBUTION
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Multiplexer - Multiplex multiple TAP::Parsers

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
See Also

TAP::Parser::Result - Base class for TAP::Parser output objects

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Boolean methods

is_plan, is_pragma, is_test, is_comment, is_bailout, is_version, is_unknown, is_yaml

SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Result::Bailout - Bailout result token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS

as_string

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Comment - Comment result token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS

as_string

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Plan - Plan result token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS

as_string, raw

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Pragma - TAP pragma token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS

as_string, raw

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Test - Test result token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Unknown - Unknown result token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS

as_string, raw

TAP::Parser::Result::Version - TAP syntax version token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS

as_string, raw

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::YAML - YAML result token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS

as_string, raw

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::ResultFactory - Factory for creating TAP::Parser output objects

SYNOPSIS
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Scheduler - Schedule tests during parallel testing

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods

TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Job - A single testing job.

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods

TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Spinner - A no-op job.

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods

TAP::Parser::Source - a TAP source & meta data about it

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler - Base class for different TAP source handlers

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Executable - Stream output from an executable TAP source

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::File - Stream TAP from a text file.

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
CONFIGURATION
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Handle - Stream TAP from an IO::Handle or a GLOB.

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Perl - Stream TAP from a Perl executable

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::RawTAP - Stream output from raw TAP in a scalar/array ref.

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Utils - Internal TAP::Parser utilities

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
INTERFACE

TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Reader - Read YAMLish data from iterator

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Writer - Write YAMLish data

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods

a reference to a scalar to append YAML to, the handle of an open file, a reference to an array into which YAML will be pushed, a code reference

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Supported Colors
Function Interface

color(ATTR[, ATTR ...]), colored(STRING, ATTRIBUTES), colored(ATTR-REF, STRING[, STRING...]), uncolor(ESCAPE), colorstrip(STRING[, STRING ...]), colorvalid(ATTR[, ATTR ...])

Constant Interface
The Color Stack
DIAGNOSTICS

Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s

ENVIRONMENT

ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED

RESTRICTIONS
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

Tgetent, OSPEED, TERM

Tpad, $string, $cnt, $FH

Tputs, $cap, $cnt, $FH

Tgoto, $cap, $col, $row, $FH

Trequire

EXAMPLES
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Term::Complete - Perl word completion module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

<tab>, ^D, ^U, <del>, <bs>

DIAGNOSTICS
BUGS
AUTHOR

Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various readline packages. If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Minimal set of supported functions

ReadLine, new, readline, addhistory, IN, OUT, MinLine, findConsole, Attribs, Features

Additional supported functions

tkRunning, event_loop, ornaments, newTTY

EXPORTS
ENVIRONMENT

Term::UI - Term::ReadLine UI made easy

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HOW IT WORKS
METHODS
$reply = $term->get_reply( prompt => 'question?', [choices => \@list, default => $list[0], multi => BOOL, print_me => "extra text to print & record", allow => $ref] );
$bool = $term->ask_yn( prompt => "your question", [default => (y|1,n|0), print_me => "extra text to print & record"] )
($opts, $munged) = $term->parse_options( STRING );
$str = $term->history_as_string
GLOBAL VARIABLES
$Term::UI::VERBOSE
$Term::UI::AUTOREPLY
$Term::UI::INVALID
$Term::UI::History::HISTORY_FH
EXAMPLES
Basic get_reply sample
get_reply with choices
get_reply with choices and default
get_reply using print_me & multi
get_reply & allow
an elaborate ask_yn sample
See Also
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Term::UI::History - history function

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
history("message string" [,VERBOSE])
GLOBAL VARIABLES

$HISTORY_FH

See Also
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
QUICK START GUIDE
Functions

plan(...), tests => number, todo => [1,5,14], onfail => sub { ... }, onfail => \&some_sub

_to_value

ok(...)

skip(skip_if_true, args...)

TEST TYPES

NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS

ONFAIL
BUGS and CAVEATS
ENVIRONMENT
NOTE
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Construction

new

create

child

subtest

_plan_handled, Explicitly setting the number of tests, Setting 'no_plan', Set 'skip_all'

finalize

parent

name

reset

Setting up tests

plan

expected_tests

no_plan

_output_plan

done_testing

has_plan

skip_all

exported_to

Running tests

ok

is_eq, is_num

isnt_eq, isnt_num

like, unlike

cmp_ok

Other Testing Methods

BAIL_OUT

skip

todo_skip

skip_rest

Test building utility methods

maybe_regex

_try

is_fh

Test style

level

use_numbers

no_diag, no_ending, no_header

Output

diag

note

explain

_print

output, failure_output, todo_output

reset_outputs

carp, croak

Test Status and Info

current_test

is_passing

summary

details

todo

find_TODO

in_todo

todo_start

todo_end

caller

_sanity_check

_whoa

_my_exit

EXIT CODES
THREADS
MEMORY
EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

Test::Builder::Module - Base class for test modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Importing
Builder

Test::Builder::Tester - test testsuites that have been built with Test::Builder

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions

test_out, test_err

test_fail

test_diag

test_test, title (synonym 'name', 'label'), skip_out, skip_err

line_num

color

BUGS
AUTHOR
NOTES
SEE ALSO

Test::Builder::Tester::Color - turn on colour in Test::Builder::Tester

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
runtests( @test_files )
execute_tests( tests => \@test_files, out => \*FH )
EXPORT
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT TAP::HARNESS::COMPATIBLE SETS

HARNESS_ACTIVE, HARNESS_VERSION

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT AFFECT TEST::HARNESS

HARNESS_TIMER, HARNESS_VERBOSE, HARNESS_OPTIONS, j<n>, c, HARNESS_SUBCLASS

Taint Mode
SEE ALSO
BUGS
AUTHORS

Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
I love it when a plan comes together

done_testing

Test names
I'm ok, you're not ok.

ok

is, isnt

like

unlike

cmp_ok

can_ok

isa_ok

new_ok

subtest

pass, fail

Module tests

use_ok

require_ok

Complex data structures

is_deeply

Diagnostics

diag, note

explain

Conditional tests

SKIP: BLOCK

TODO: BLOCK, todo_skip

When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?

Test control

BAIL_OUT

Discouraged comparison functions

eq_array

eq_hash

eq_set

Extending and Embedding Test::More

builder

EXIT CODES
CAVEATS and NOTES

Backwards compatibility, utf8 / "Wide character in print", Overloaded objects, Threads

HISTORY
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
BUGS
SOURCE
COPYRIGHT

Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ok

EXAMPLE
CAVEATS
NOTES
HISTORY
SEE ALSO

Test::More

AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests

DESCRIPTION
Nuts and bolts of testing.
Where to start?
Names
Test the manual
Sometimes the tests are wrong
Testing lots of values
Informative names
Skipping tests
Todo tests
Testing with taint mode.
FOOTNOTES
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

Text::Abbrev - abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE

Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
General behaviour in list contexts

[0], [1], [2]

General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
A note about prefixes
extract_delimited
extract_bracketed
extract_variable

[0], [1], [2]

extract_tagged

reject => $listref, ignore => $listref, fail => $str, [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

gen_extract_tagged
extract_quotelike

[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]

extract_quotelike and "here documents"

[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]

extract_codeblock
extract_multiple
gen_delimited_pat
delimited_pat
DIAGNOSTICS
C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">,  C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>, 
C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">,  C<No quotelike
operator found after prefix: "%s">,  C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">, 
C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>,  C<Mismatched closing
bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">,  C<No block delimiter found after
quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>,  C<Missing second block for quotelike
"%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
/%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
tag>
AUTHOR
BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
COPYRIGHT

Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
AUTHORS

Text::Soundex - Implementation of the soundex algorithm.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
LIMITATIONS
MAINTAINER
HISTORY

Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and unexpand(1)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
LICENSE

Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDES
EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
LICENSE

Thread - Manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)

DEPRECATED
HISTORY
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS

$thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub, LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield

METHODS

join, detach, equal, tid, done

DEFUNCT

lock(\&sub), eval, flags

SEE ALSO

Thread::Queue - Thread-safe queues

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Ordinary scalars, Array refs, Hash refs, Scalar refs, Objects based on the above

QUEUE CREATION

->new(), ->new(LIST)

BASIC METHODS

->enqueue(LIST), ->dequeue(), ->dequeue(COUNT), ->dequeue_nb(), ->dequeue_nb(COUNT), ->pending()

ADVANCED METHODS

->peek(), ->peek(INDEX), ->insert(INDEX, LIST), ->extract(), ->extract(INDEX), ->extract(INDEX, COUNT)

NOTES
LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
MAINTAINER
LICENSE

Thread::Semaphore - Thread-safe semaphores

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

->new(), ->new(NUMBER), ->down(), ->down(NUMBER), ->down_nb(), ->down_nb(NUMBER), ->down_force(), ->down_force(NUMBER), ->up(), ->up(NUMBER)

NOTES
SEE ALSO
MAINTAINER
LICENSE

Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index, FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST

CAVEATS
AUTHOR

Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
recsep
autochomp
mode
memory
dw_size
Option Format
Public Methods
flock
autochomp
defer, flush, discard, and autodefer
offset
Tying to an already-opened filehandle
Deferred Writing
Autodeferring
CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
CAVEATS
SUBCLASSING
WHAT ABOUT DB_File?
AUTHOR
LICENSE
WARRANTY
THANKS
TODO

Tie::Handle - base class definitions for tied handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this, EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this

MORE INFORMATION
COMPATIBILITY

Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for tied hashes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, SCALAR this

Inheriting from Tie::StdHash
Inheriting from Tie::ExtraHash
SCALAR, UNTIE and DESTROY
MORE INFORMATION

Tie::Hash::NamedCapture - Named regexp capture buffers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Inheriting from Tie::Memoize
EXAMPLE
BUGS
AUTHOR

Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
THREAD SUPPORT
STORABLE SUPPORT
RELIC SUPPORT
LICENSE
MAINTAINER
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied scalars

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this

Tie::Scalar vs Tie::StdScalar
MORE INFORMATION

Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS

Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval timers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), nanosleep ( $nanoseconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ), alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( $which, $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer ( $which ), clock_gettime ( $which ), clock_getres ( $which ), clock_nanosleep ( $which, $nanoseconds, $flags = 0), clock(), stat, stat FH, stat EXPR

EXAMPLES
C API
DIAGNOSTICS
useconds or interval more than ...
negative time not invented yet
internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
useconds or uinterval equal to or more than 1000000
unimplemented in this platform
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
timelocal() and timegm()
timelocal_nocheck() and timegm_nocheck()
Year Value Interpretation
Limits of time_t
Ambiguous Local Times (DST)
Non-Existent Local Times (DST)
Negative Epoch Values
IMPLEMENTATION
BUGS
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT
AUTHOR

Time::Piece - Object Oriented time objects

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
Local Locales
Date Calculations
Date Comparisons
Date Parsing
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss
Week Number
Global Overriding
CAVEATS
Setting $ENV{TZ} in Threads on Win32
Use of epoch seconds
AUTHOR
License
SEE ALSO
BUGS

Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert seconds to other date values

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
AUTHOR
LICENSE
Bugs

Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() function

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime() function

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

$obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), eval { VAL->isa( TYPE ) }, TYPE, $obj, CLASS, VAL, $obj->DOES( ROLE ), CLASS->DOES( ROLE ), $obj->can( METHOD ), CLASS->can( METHOD ), eval { VAL->can( METHOD ) }, VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )

WARNINGS
EXPORTS

Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Constructor and Tailoring

UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator, ignoreChar, ignoreName, ignore_level2, katakana_before_hiragana, level, normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, rewrite, suppress, table, undefChar, undefName, upper_before_lower, variable

Methods for Collation

@sorted = $Collator->sort(@not_sorted), $result = $Collator->cmp($a, $b), $result = $Collator->eq($a, $b), $result = $Collator->ne($a, $b), $result = $Collator->lt($a, $b), $result = $Collator->le($a, $b), $result = $Collator->gt($a, $b), $result = $Collator->ge($a, $b), $sortKey = $Collator->getSortKey($string), $sortKeyForm = $Collator->viewSortKey($string)

Methods for Searching

$position = $Collator->index($string, $substring[, $position]), ($position, $length) = $Collator->index($string, $substring[, $position]), $match_ref = $Collator->match($string, $substring), ($match) = $Collator->match($string, $substring), @match = $Collator->gmatch($string, $substring), $count = $Collator->subst($string, $substring, $replacement), $count = $Collator->gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)

Other Methods

%old_tailoring = $Collator->change(%new_tailoring), $modified_collator = $Collator->change(%new_tailoring), $version = $Collator->version(), UCA_Version(), Base_Unicode_Version()

EXPORT
INSTALL
CAVEATS

Normalization, Conformance Test

SEE ALSO

Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation Element Table (DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA, Hangul Syllable Type, Unicode Normalization Forms - UAX #15, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35

Unicode::Collate::CJK::Big5 - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::GB2312 - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO

CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::JISX0208 - weighting JIS KANJI for Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::Korean - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::Pinyin - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO

CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::Stroke - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::Locale - Linguistic tailoring for DUCET via Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Constructor
Methods

$Collator->getlocale, $Collator->locale_version

A list of tailorable locales
INSTALL
CAVEAT

tailoring is not maximum

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation Element Table (DUCET), Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35, CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize

Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Normalization Forms

$NFD_string = NFD($string), $NFC_string = NFC($string), $NFKD_string = NFKD($string), $NFKC_string = NFKC($string), $FCD_string = FCD($string), $FCC_string = FCC($string), $normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)

Decomposition and Composition

$decomposed_string = decompose($string [, $useCompatMapping]), $reordered_string = reorder($string), $composed_string = compose($string), ($processed, $unprocessed) = splitOnLastStarter($normalized), $processed = normalize_partial($form, $unprocessed), $processed = NFD_partial($unprocessed), $processed = NFC_partial($unprocessed), $processed = NFKD_partial($unprocessed), $processed = NFKC_partial($unprocessed)

Quick Check

$result = checkNFD($string), $result = checkNFC($string), $result = checkNFKD($string), $result = checkNFKC($string), $result = checkFCD($string), $result = checkFCC($string), $result = check($form_name, $string)

Character Data

$canonical_decomposition = getCanon($code_point), $compatibility_decomposition = getCompat($code_point), $code_point_composite = getComposite($code_point_here, $code_point_next), $combining_class = getCombinClass($code_point), $may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($code_point), $is_exclusion = isExclusion($code_point), $is_singleton = isSingleton($code_point), $is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($code_point), $is_Full_Composition_Exclusion = isComp_Ex($code_point), $NFD_is_NO = isNFD_NO($code_point), $NFC_is_NO = isNFC_NO($code_point), $NFC_is_MAYBE = isNFC_MAYBE($code_point), $NFKD_is_NO = isNFKD_NO($code_point), $NFKC_is_NO = isNFKC_NO($code_point), $NFKC_is_MAYBE = isNFKC_MAYBE($code_point)

EXPORT
CAVEATS

Perl's version vs. Unicode version, Correction of decomposition mapping, Revised definition of canonical composition

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/, http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/CompositionExclusions.txt, http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt, http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/NormalizationCorrections.txt, http://www.unicode.org/review/pr-29.html, http://www.unicode.org/notes/tn5/

Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
code point argument
charinfo()

code, name, category, combining, bidi, decomposition, decimal, digit, numeric, mirrored, unicode10, comment, upper, lower, title, block, script

charblock()
charscript()
charblocks()
charscripts()
charinrange()
general_categories()
bidi_types()
compexcl()
casefold()

code, full, simple, mapping, status, * If you use this I mapping, * If you exclude this I mapping, turkic

casespec()

code, lower, title, upper, condition

namedseq()
num()
prop_aliases()
prop_value_aliases()
prop_invlist()
prop_invmap()

s, sl, correction, control, alternate, figment, abbreviation, a, al, ae, ale, ar, n, ad

Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
Blocks versus Scripts
Matching Scripts and Blocks
Old-style versus new-style block names
BUGS
AUTHOR

User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
System Specifics
NOTE
AUTHOR
HISTORY

March 18th, 2000

Version::Requirements - a set of version requirements for a CPAN dist

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
add_minimum
add_maximum
add_exclusion
exact_version
add_requirements
accepts_module
clear_requirement
required_modules
clone
is_simple
is_finalized
finalize
as_string_hash
from_string_hash
AUTHOR

XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Migration from DynaLoader
Backward compatible boilerplate
Order of initialization: early load()
The most hairy case
DIAGNOSTICS

Can't find '%s' symbol in %s, Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s, Undefined symbols present after loading %s: %s

LIMITATIONS
KNOWN BUGS
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION

Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they don't all have manual pages yet:

a2p
c2ph
h2ph
h2xs
perlbug
pl2pm
pod2html
pod2man
s2p
splain
xsubpp

AUTHOR

Larry Wall <larry@wall.org>, with the help of oodles of other folks.

3 POD Errors

The following errors were encountered while parsing the POD:

Around line 4139:

Expected text after =item, not a number

Around line 4141:

Expected text after =item, not a number

Around line 34380:

Non-ASCII character seen before =encoding in 'Skyttä'. Assuming UTF-8